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Unsual Telomere Structure in Insects
Fujiwara,Haruhiko 한국생명과학회 2000 한국생명과학회 학술발표회 Vol.29 No.-
Most eucaryotic telomeres consist of short telomeric repeats, which are synthesized by a reverse transcriptase activity of telomerase. The addition of telomeric repeats by telomerase is essential for cellular functions, such as compensating for telomere shortening and telomere crisis. However, in some insects, another type of telomere synthesis has been reported. Drosophila melanogaster seems to lose the telomeric repeats at all. In stead of telomerase, non-LTR retransposons, TART and HeTA, transpose on the chromosomal ends of Drosophila and rescue the telomere shoetening in this insect. Another insect, the silkworm Bombyx mori, however, has an intermediate type of telomere structure between most eucaryotes and Drosophila. The silkworm has penta-nucleotide telomeric repeats (TTAGG)n on their chromosomal ends, where many non-LTR retrotransposons are inserted in the telomeric repeats. We named these retrtranspososable elements as TRAS and SART. We have been studying about how these retransposons integrate into the telomeric repeats specially and whether these elements are involved in the telomeric maintenance and function. In this meeting, I would like to talk about (1) Unsual telomere structure and maintenance in insects (2) Distribution patterns of telomerase and (TTAGG)n in insects (3) site specific retrotransposition of telomere associated retrotransposons.
Yu-Ichiro Ohnishi,Nobuhiko Nakajima,Sho Fujiwara,Takashi Moriwaki,Hideyuki Arita,Haruhiko Kishima 대한척추신경외과학회 2020 Neurospine Vol.17 No.2
Care should be taken regarding surrounding anatomic structures during access to deepseated extracranial schwannomas in the craniocervical junction (CCJ). Herein, we present surgical tips for extracranial schwannomas in the CCJ using the anterolateral approach. A retrospective review was performed of 3 cases of surgical treatment of extracranial schwannomas in the CCJ by the anterolateral approach, which is a presternomastoid retrojugular route to the CCJ. The combination of neck rotation and reflection of the sternocleidomastoid muscle presented a sufficient, shallow surgical field for the CCJ. We could identify tumors along the accessory nerves and internal jugular veins, and had sufficient rostrocaudal working space to resect the tumors. Two cases were enucleated total resection and 1 was subtotal resection. Two patients experienced transient postoperative vocal cord partial paralysis and 1 had transient dysphagia. These neurological complications improved within 1 month. The anterolateral approach can provide a shallow and sufficient rostral and caudal surgical window.