Prevention of Nausea and Vomiting: Methods and Utility after Surgery in Cancer Patients?

Firoozabadi, Mehdi Dehghani,Rahmani, Hossein Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.7

Most cancer patients experience nausea and vomiting after surgery. Today, many methods of treatment have been developed and used for the control of such symptoms. The most important are drug therapy, relaxation, oxygen therapy and gas therapy. In addition, dexamethasone, massage therapy and using a Venturi mask have also proven effective. Due to the nature of gas consumption which leads to nausea it is recommended that use of N2O in the operating room be avoided or applied in combination with oxygen or other gases with fewer complications.

Preparation of mullite-HfN composites through spark plasma sintering: investigation of the microstructure and mechanical properties

Moslemi-firoozabadi Hamidreza,Manafi Sahebali,Ghahremani Davoud 한국세라믹학회 2022 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.59 No.6

This study focused on the production of mullite ceramic and composites containing HfN reinforcements through spark plasma sintering. Accordingly, 5, 10 and 15wt% HfN powders with calcined Aluminum nitrate nonahydrate (ANN) and colloidal silica mixture were blended through a high-energy mixer mill in ethanol media. Spark plasma sintering of mullite ceramic and composite was performed under almost the same condition consisting of the initial and fi nal applied pressure of 10 and 50 MPa, respectively, vacuum of 15–25 Pa, and the maximum sintering temperature of 1350 °C. The measured relative den- sities showed the nearly full densifi cation of all prepared samples. The XRD patterns also depicted perfect mullitization for the mullite sample, while in the sintered composites, mullite, HfN and HfO 2 peaks were obtained as the crystalline phases. The uniform distribution of HfN and HfO 2 as the reaction products of ANN water desorption was recognized in the micro- structure of mullite composites with 5 and 10 wt% HfN samples. Meanwhile, the mullite-15wt% HfN composite displayed some agglomerates and porosities. The attained mechanical properties also showed that Vickers hardness was increased by raising HfN contents. However, the maximum bending strength of 424 ± 25 and fracture toughness of 3.74 ± 0.22 MPa  m 1/2 were achieved for the composite containing 10 wt% HfN.

Effects of Herbal combination (Melissa officinalis L. and Nepeta menthoides Boiss. & Buhse) on insomnia severity, anxiety and depression in insomniacs: Randomized placebo controlled trial

Maryam Ranjbar,Ali Firoozabadi,Alireza Salehi,Zahra Ghorbanifar,Mohammad M. Zarshenas,Khosro Sadeghniiat-Haghighi,Hossein Rezaeizadeh 한국한의학연구원 2018 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.7 No.4

Background: Insomnia is a prevalent disorder leading to psychological problems such as anxiety and depression. Methods: This study investigates the effect of a combination of herbs (Melissa officinalis L. and Nepeta menthoides Boiss. & Buhse) on anxiety and depression for insomniacs and on insomnia severity. This study is a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. A total number of 67 participants met the inclusion criteria who were diagnosed as cases of insomnia. The patients were randomized into the herbal treatment or placebo groups. The herbal treatment group received a combination of Melissa officinalis and Nepeta menthoides Boiss. & Buhse. The primary outcomes were insomnia, depression and anxiety. We used per-protocol analysis. Results: The all outcomes of herbal treatment were significantly improved compared with placebo in the ISI, BAI and BDI scores after four weeks’ treatment (p value: 0.008, 0.005 and <0.001 respectively). Conclusion: A combination of Melissa officinalis L. and Nepeta menthoides Boiss. & Buhse may improve insomnia and its comorbid depression and anxiety.

One-step synthesis of ceria (CeO2) nano-spheres by a simple wet chemical method

Mahsa. Zarinkamar,Majid Farahmandjou,Tahereh. Pormirjafari. Firoozabadi 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2016 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.17 No.3

In this research a new synthesis of CeO2 nanoparticles using cerium chloride as precursor have been investigated. Sampleswere obtained by wet chemical method and characterized by the Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD), Scanning ElectronMicroscopy (SEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Particle size has been obtained as 50 nm for annealed nanoparticles increasing withthe increase of the annealing temperature and they changed from sphere-like shaped to cubic-like shaped with increasingannealing temperature. Detailed measurements of XRD spectra exhibited cubic structure of nanocrystals. The surfacemorphological studies from SEM depicted a change in shape and crystality of particles with formation of clusters for calcinedparticles. The particle size of CeO2 was around 50 nm as estimated by XRD technique and direct HRTEM observation. Thesharp peaks in FTIR spectrum determined the purity of CeO2 nanoparticles and absorbance peak of UV-Vis spectrum showedthe small bandgap energy of 3.26 ev.

Experimental investigation of the effects of surfactant on the dynamics of formation process of liquid drops

Peyman Dastyar,Moloud Sadat Salehi,Bahar Firoozabadi,Hossein Afshin 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.89 No.-

In the present study, the formation of surfactant-laden viscous drops in ambient air is experimentallyinvestigated using a high-speed digital camera. The mixtures of 90%, 92.5%, and 95% glycerol by weight inwater containing various concentrations of sodium dodecyl sulfate are chosen as the drop phasefluid. The focus of this work is to investigate the effects of concentration of surfactant dissolved in solutionswith different viscosities, on physical and geometrical parameters related to drop formation process,such as the drop elongation, minimum neck thickness, formation time, and the drop volume. Theformation of satellite drops and the influence of surfactant concentration on their size are also studied. The obtained results indicate that increasing the surfactant concentration and the viscosity of drop phasefluid, slows down the necking process and causes the drop detachment length to increase. The entireprocess of drop formation is divided into two stages, and it was found that adding surfactant to thesolutions has inverse effects on the duration of these two stages. It was also shown that surfactantaddition contributes to an increase in the size of the satellite drop due to generation of Marangonistresses on the surface of the drop's neck.

Analytical solution for creeping motion of a viscoelastic drop falling through a Newtonian fluid

Vamerzani, B.Z.,Norouzi, M.,Firoozabadi, B. 한국유변학회 2014 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.26 No.1

In this paper, an analytical solution for steady creeping motion of viscoelastic drop falling through a viscous Newtonian fluid is presented. The Oldroyd-B model is used as the constitutive equation. The analytical solutions for both interior and exterior flows are obtained using the perturbation method. Deborah number and capillary numbers are considered as the perturbation parameters. The effect of viscoelastic properties on drop shape and motion are studied in detail. The previous empirical studies indicated that unlike the Newtonian creeping drop in which the drop shape is exactly spherical, a dimpled shape appears in viscoelastic drops. It is shown that the results of the present analytical solution in estimating the terminal velocity and drop shape have a more agreement with experimental results than the other previous analytical investigations.

Respiratory Motion Detection and Correction in ECG-Gated SPECT: a New Approach

Ahmad Bitarafan,Hossein Rajabi,Bernhard Gruy,Feridoon Rustgou,Hasan Firoozabady,Nahid Yaghoobi,Hadi Malek,Christian Pirich,Werner Langesteger,Mohsen Beheshti 대한영상의학회 2008 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.9 No.6

Objective: Gated myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (GSPECT) has been established as an accurate and reproducible diagnostic and prognostic technique for the assessment of myocardial perfusion and function. Respiratory motion is among the major factors that may affect the quality of myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) and consequently the accuracy of the examination. In this study, we have proposed a new approach for the tracking of respiratory motion and the correction of unwanted respiratory motion by the use of respiratory-cardiac gated-SPECT (RC-GSPECT). In addition, we have evaluated the use of RC-GSPECT for quantitative and visual assessment of myocardial perfusion and function. Materials and Methods: Twenty-six patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease (CAD)-underwent two-day stress and rest 99mTc-Tetrofosmin myocardial scintigraphy using both conventional GSPECT and RC-GSPECT methods. The respiratory signals were induced by use of a CT real-time position management (RPM) respiratory gating interface. A PIO-D144 card, which is transistor-transistor logic (TTL) compatible, was used as the input interface for simultaneous detection of both ECG and respiration signals. Results: A total of 26 patients with known or suspected CAD were examined in this study. Stress and rest myocardial respiratory motion in the vertical direction was 8.8-16.6 mm (mean, 12.4 ± 2.9 mm) and 7.8-11.8 mm (mean, 9.5 ± 1.6 mm), respectively. The percentages of tracer intensity in the inferior, inferoseptal and septal walls as well as the inferior to lateral (I/L) uptake ratio was significantly higher with the use of RC-GSPECT as compared to the use of GSPECT (p < 0.01). In a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) correlation analysis between the use of rest GSPECT and RC-GSPECT with echocardiography, better correlation was noted between RC-GSPECT and echocardiography as compared with the use of GSPECT (y = 0.9654x + 1.6514; r = 0.93, p < 0.001 versus y = 0.8046x + 5.1704; r = 0.89, p < 0.001). Nineteen (19/26) patients (73.1%) showed abnormal myocardial perfusion scans with reversible regional myocardial defects; of the 19 patients, 14 (14/26) patients underwent coronary angiography. Conclusion: Respiratory induced motion can be successfully corrected simultaneously with the use of ECG-gated SPECT in MPI studies using this proposed technique. Moreover, the use of ECG-gated SPECT improved image quality, especially in the inferior and septal regions that are mostly affected by diaphragmatic attenuation. However, the effect of respiratory correction depends mainly on the patient respiratory pattern and may be clinically relevant in certain cases. Objective: Gated myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (GSPECT) has been established as an accurate and reproducible diagnostic and prognostic technique for the assessment of myocardial perfusion and function. Respiratory motion is among the major factors that may affect the quality of myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) and consequently the accuracy of the examination. In this study, we have proposed a new approach for the tracking of respiratory motion and the correction of unwanted respiratory motion by the use of respiratory-cardiac gated-SPECT (RC-GSPECT). In addition, we have evaluated the use of RC-GSPECT for quantitative and visual assessment of myocardial perfusion and function. Materials and Methods: Twenty-six patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease (CAD)-underwent two-day stress and rest 99mTc-Tetrofosmin myocardial scintigraphy using both conventional GSPECT and RC-GSPECT methods. The respiratory signals were induced by use of a CT real-time position management (RPM) respiratory gating interface. A PIO-D144 card, which is transistor-transistor logic (TTL) compatible, was used as the input interface for simultaneous detection of both ECG and respiration signals. Results: A total of 26 patients with known or suspected CAD were examined in this study. Stress and rest myocardial respiratory motion in the vertical direction was 8.8-16.6 mm (mean, 12.4 ± 2.9 mm) and 7.8-11.8 mm (mean, 9.5 ± 1.6 mm), respectively. The percentages of tracer intensity in the inferior, inferoseptal and septal walls as well as the inferior to lateral (I/L) uptake ratio was significantly higher with the use of RC-GSPECT as compared to the use of GSPECT (p < 0.01). In a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) correlation analysis between the use of rest GSPECT and RC-GSPECT with echocardiography, better correlation was noted between RC-GSPECT and echocardiography as compared with the use of GSPECT (y = 0.9654x + 1.6514; r = 0.93, p < 0.001 versus y = 0.8046x + 5.1704; r = 0.89, p < 0.001). Nineteen (19/26) patients (73.1%) showed abnormal myocardial perfusion scans with reversible regional myocardial defects; of the 19 patients, 14 (14/26) patients underwent coronary angiography. Conclusion: Respiratory induced motion can be successfully corrected simultaneously with the use of ECG-gated SPECT in MPI studies using this proposed technique. Moreover, the use of ECG-gated SPECT improved image quality, especially in the inferior and septal regions that are mostly affected by diaphragmatic attenuation. However, the effect of respiratory correction depends mainly on the patient respiratory pattern and may be clinically relevant in certain cases.