Tracking the Sufi presence in Jerusalem

Mona Farouk M. Ahmed(Mona Farouk M. Ahmed ) 한국이슬람학회 2022 한국이슬람학회논총 Vol.32 No.3

Tracing Sufism in the Islamic world, Jerusalem was one of the Sufis’ centers attracting many of them to settle in this holy city known for its significant spirituality for Muslims. This study traces the Sufi presence in Jerusalem from the past until the present to give an overview of the history of Sufism in this holy city. Through examining the remaining Sufi lodges in Jerusalem today, the study introduces the main Sufi orders and the development of their role and activities in the Jerusalemite society throughout history. The study showed that the golden era of the Sufi role ended with the end of Ottoman rule. Then, there was a decline in this role which faced many challenges including the economic difficulties worsened under the Israeli occupation. Being a part of the Palestinian society, the Sufis of Jerusalem had their contributions to the Arab-Israeli conflict struggling for defending their lands and properties till today. Introducing the development of the Sufi orders in Jerusalem, the study showed that despite the decline of the Sufi activities in the modern era, the Sufi presence continued, which was seen in their remaining buildings including zawiyas, ribats, and shrines covered by this study. Though many of them lost their Sufi function, there are still some Sufi families continuing to maintain Sufi traditions at present in Jerusalem.

Electrochemical Parameters with unusual Alternation Current Phase-Angles

Farouk Rashwan,Hossnia Mohran 한국전기화학회 2004 한국전기화학회지 Vol.7 No.2

The a.c. technique is employed to evaluate electrochemical characteristics of Naphthalie-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic acid bisanilide (NTB). The measurements wre carried out in dry and pure propiononitrle (PCN) at the hanging mercury drop electrode [HMDE]. An A.C. phase senstive detector using computer controlled lock-in amplifier was employed. Primary goal of this report, was to establish on a firm the rare behavior of the phase angle associated with a.c. polarograms of the compund. Although, not an initial goal of this study, the electron transfer rate parameters attending the electroreduction of the compound under investigation were determined. This because the results shed some light on the electrokinetics in aprotic solvent which until recently negligible data were available. Experimental Results and comparison of data obtained are reported. The good precision of the method makes it suitable for studying electrochemical data with unusual behavior at electrodes in non aqueous media.

Influences of porosity on dynamic response of FG plates resting on Winkler/Pasternak/Kerr foundation using quasi 3D HSDT

Farouk Yahia Addou1,Mustapha Meradjah,Abdelmoumen Anis Bousahla,Abdelkader Benachour,Fouad Bourada,Abdelouahed Tounsi,S.R. Mahmoud 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2019 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.24 No.4

This work investigates the effect of Winkler/Pasternak/Kerr foundation and porosity on dynamic behavior of FG plates using a simple quasi-3D hyperbolic theory. Four different patterns of porosity variations are considered in this study. The used quasi-3D hyperbolic theory is simple and easy to apply because it considers only four-unknown variables to determine the four coupled vibration responses (axial-shear-flexion-stretching). A detailed parametric study is established to evaluate the influences of gradient index, porosity parameter, stiffness of foundation parameters, mode numbers, and geometry on the natural frequencies of imperfect FG plates.

Are Policies Designed to Raise Fertility Levels in Europe Effective?

Farouk Adam IDDRISU 한국융합인문학회 2015 Asian-Pacific Journal of Social Quality Vol.2 No.1

European countries are experiencing long–term downtrends in fertility and consequently ageing of their populations. Fertility rates are now below replacement levels (2.1 children per couple) in nearly all countries. Obviously, a decrease in natural population growth rate should be expected. These demographic trends are likely to impose very heavy penalties on the economies of European countries. In response to this plight, various governments have designed specific policy measures to raise the level of fertility so as to address the challenges that ageing populations present. From the debate, it appears that, the effectiveness of these policies somewhat have mixed outcomes. This signifies that, no single policy is likely to solve the problem. This calls for the effective combination of the various interventions. However, it is unlikely that, fertility rates will increase overnight. Somehow, governments could consider immigration of the right mix of personnel to keep the economy going until such a time that the natural population growth rate reaches the required level. However, immigration when not effectively managed could even create more problems than ageing and low fertility will do.

A Population Health Surveillance Theory

Farouk El Allaki,Michel Bigras-Poulin,Pascal Michel,André,Ravel 한국역학회 2012 Epidemiology and Health Vol.34 No.-

OBJECTIVES: Despite its extensive use, the term ¨Surveillance¨ often takes on various meanings in the scientific literature pertinent to public health and animal health. A critical appraisal of this literature also reveals ambiguities relating to the scope and necessary structural components underpinning the surveillance process. The authors hypothesized that these inconsistencies translate to real or perceived deficiencies in the conceptual framework of population health surveillance. This paper presents a population health surveillance theory framed upon an explicit conceptual system relative to health surveillance performed in human and animal populations. METHODS: The population health surveillance theory reflects the authors’ system of thinking and was based on a creative process. RESULTS: Population health surveillance includes two broad components: one relating to the human organization(which includes expertise and the administrative program), and one relating to the system per se (which includes elements of design and method) and which can be viewed as a process. The population health surveillance process is made of five sequential interrelated steps: 1) a trigger or need, 2) problem formulation, 3) surveillance planning, 4) surveillance implementation, and 5) information communication and audit. CONCLUSIONS: The population health surveillance theory provides a systematic way of understanding, organizing and evaluating the population health surveillance process.

Principal component pyramids for manifold learning in hand shape recognition

Mohamed Farouk,Alistair Sutherland 한국통신학회 2018 ICT Express Vol.4 No.2

This paper presents two algorithms using data pyramids for hand shape recognition in Irish Sign Language. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is used as a feature extraction and dimensionality reduction method. Originally, the problem is nonlinear and it is hard for PCA to extract the underlying structure of the data. The proposed PCA pyramids provide an alternative to nonlinear PCA as they depend on dividing the space into subspaces which are approximately linear using the appropriate eigenspace in each level. They are used to accelerate the search process to approximate the nearest neighbour search problem. The first algorithm uses unsupervised multidimensional grids to cluster the space into cells of similar objects. The second algorithm is based on training a set of simple architecture multilayer neural networks. Experimental results are given to measure the accuracy and performance of the proposed algorithms in comparison with the exhaustive search scenario. The proposed algorithms are applicable for real time applications with high accuracy measures.

Sphincter-Preserving Therapy for Treating a Chronic Anal Fissure: Long-term Outcomes

Ridzuan Farouk 대한대장항문학회 2014 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.30 No.3

Purpose: To estimate the risk of recurrent fissure in ano after sphincter preserving treatments. Methods: A retrospective case note review, combined with a telephone survey was conducted for all patients treated for a chronic anal fissure between 1998 and 2008. Results: Six hundred and twelve patients (303 women: mean age, 39 years; range, 16–86 years) were treated for chronic anal fissure between 1998 and 2008. Topical diltiazem 2% was initially prescribed for 8 weeks. The fissure did not heal in 141 patients. These patients (61 women: mean age, 30 years; range, 15–86 years) were treated with 100 IU botulinum A toxin (Botox) injection combined with a fissurectomy under general anaesthesia. Thirty eight patients suffered a recurrence of their fissure within two years. Thirty-four healed with further medical or sphincter conserving surgical therapy while four required a lateral internal sphincterotomy. Conclusion: The vast majority of patients with chronic anal fissure can be treated with sphincter conserving treatments. This may require several interventions before healing can be achieved. Assessment for recurrence after ‘conservative’ treatments requires a minimum of two-year follow-up.

Studying the Ephemeris Effect on Position Accuracy Based on Criteria Applied to Baseline Lengths by New MATLAB Program (NMP)

Shimaa Farouk,Mahmoud El-Nokrashy,Ahmed Abd- Elhay,Nasr Saba 한국우주과학회 2023 Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Vol.40 No.3

Although the Relative Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning technique provides high accuracy, it has several drawbacks. The scarcity of control points, the long baselines, and using of ultra-rabid and rabid products increased position errors. This study has designed a New MATLAB Program that helps users automatically select suitable IGS stations related to the baseline lengths and the azimuth between GNSS points and IGS stations. This study presented criteria for the length of the baselines used in Egypt and an advanced estimated accuracy before starting the project. The experimental test studies the performance of the position accuracy related to the relation between three factors: observation session, final, rabid, and ultrarabid products, and the baseline lengths. Ground control point mediates Egypt was selected as a test point. Nine surrounding IGS stations were selected as reference stations, and the coordinates of the tested point were calculated based on them. Baselines between the tested point and the IGS stations were classified regarding proposal criteria. The coordinates of the tested point were obtained in different observation sessions (0.5, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 7.5 h). The results indicated that the lengths of the baseline in Egypt were classified short (less than 600 km), medium (600–1,200 km), and long (greater than 1,200 km) and required a minimum observation time of 4, 5, and 7 h to obtain accuracy 10, 19, 48 mm sequentially. The position accuracy was superior for the rapid and the final than the ultra-rapid products by 16%. A short baseline was at the best case; there was a performance in position accuracy with a 57% deduction in observation time compared with the long baseline.

A Comparative Study of Convivencia in Medieval Sicily and Al-Andalus

Mona Farouk M. Ahmed 부산외국어대학교 지중해지역원 2021 The Mediterranean Review Vol.14 No.1

Sharing the same conditions of being a part of Christian European lands conquered by Muslims, Sicily and Spain are good examples for a comparative study on Muslim and Christian rule. The similarity between Medieval Sicily and Al-Andalus can be seen as both being major crossroads for Islamic Civilization to Europe while being under Muslim rule for a long period. In addition, the similarity can be seen in the final re-conquest of both of them by Christian monarchs changing the majority of the population from Muslims to Christians. The religious diversity of the population of both Sicily and Spain after they were being conquered by the Muslims in Medieval times made the topic of Convivencia one of the important related fields of research. In this study, we will try to investigate the similarities and differences between medieval Sicily and Spain regarding the Convivencia between Muslims and Christians.

Electrochemical Parameters with unusual Alternating Current Phase-Angles

Rashwan Farouk,Mohran Hossnia The Korean Electrochemical Society 2004 한국전기화학회지 Vol.7 No.2

The a.c. technique is employed to evaluate electrochemical characteristics of Naphthalie-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic acid bisanilide (NTB). The measurements were carried out in dry and pure propionitrle (PCN) and acetonitrile(CAN) at the hanging mercury drop electrode [HMDE). An A.C. phase sensitive detector using computer controlled lock-in amplifier was employed. Primary goal of this report, was to establish on a firm the rare behavior of the phase angle associated with a.c. polarograms of the compound. Although, not an initial goal of this study, the electron transfer rate parameters attending the electroreduction of the compound under investigation were determined. This because the results shed some light on the electrokinetics in aprotic solvent which until recently negligible data were available. Experimental Results and comparison of data obtained are reported. The good precision of the method makes it suitable for studying electrochemical data with unusual behavior at electrodes in non aqueous media.