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D. Sohrabi Baba Heidary,F. Akhlagh 대한금속·재료학회 2013 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.19 No.4
In this study a new precise rotational viscometer was developed and used to measure the viscosity of molten A356 alloy containing 5, 15, and 25vol.% of 90-106 μm SiC particles at 650 and 690 °C. Three types of typical curves viscosity (η) versus volume fraction of SiC particles, shear time (t), and shear rate ( )were derived advantage from the results of viscosity measurements. It would present the viscosity got lowered by decreasing particle volume fraction and by increasing the amounts of shear time and shear rate. In the next step, the influence of the number of aggregates on apparent viscosity was studied by the special tests, developed in this research. Also the formation of aggregates in Al-SiC composite slurries was explained and compared with metallic slurries. It concluded that the origin of aggregation in Al-SiC slurries was long range electrical forces while in metallic slurries it was micro welds between particles. it would show the rheological behavior of Al-SiC slurries could be justified according to the nature and the numbers of their aggregates. At the end, the implications of findings in order to predict the gradient of particles in functionally graded Al-SiC composites, produced by casting, were discussed.
Z. Imani,F. Sohrabi,P. Shishehbor 한국응용곤충학회 2009 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.12 No.4
Stethorus gilvifrons Mulsant, native to the Mediterranean region, is often observed feeding on Tetranychus turkestani Ugarov & Nycolsky and Eutetranychus orientalis Klein on different host crops. Fecundity of S. gilvifrons on T. turkestani and E. orientalis was evaluated by placing newly emerged pairs on leaf discs infested with different developmental stages of T. turkestani or E. orientalis. They were maintained at 30 °C and changed daily until death of the female. Adult female mean longevity was 58 days on T. turkestani and 45 days on E. orientalis. Mean fecundity was 175 eggs per female on T. turkestani and 318 eggs per female on E. orientalis. No significant differences were detected in the duration of life stages between T. turkestani and E. orientalis. Mean preimaginal mortality was 20% on T. turkestani and 24% on E. orientalis, with no statistical differences. Mean generation time (T) was 26.76 and 22.83 days on T. turkestani and E. orientalis, respectively. Net reproductive rate (Ro) was significantly greater on E. orientalis (154.08) than on T. turkestani (97.6), but the estimate of intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was not statistically different (0.221 and 0.171, respectively). Our results suggest that both T. turkestani and E. orientalis are essential prey for S. gilvifrons development and reproduction and that E. orientalis is slightly more suitable than T. turkestani. Stethorus gilvifrons Mulsant, native to the Mediterranean region, is often observed feeding on Tetranychus turkestani Ugarov & Nycolsky and Eutetranychus orientalis Klein on different host crops. Fecundity of S. gilvifrons on T. turkestani and E. orientalis was evaluated by placing newly emerged pairs on leaf discs infested with different developmental stages of T. turkestani or E. orientalis. They were maintained at 30 °C and changed daily until death of the female. Adult female mean longevity was 58 days on T. turkestani and 45 days on E. orientalis. Mean fecundity was 175 eggs per female on T. turkestani and 318 eggs per female on E. orientalis. No significant differences were detected in the duration of life stages between T. turkestani and E. orientalis. Mean preimaginal mortality was 20% on T. turkestani and 24% on E. orientalis, with no statistical differences. Mean generation time (T) was 26.76 and 22.83 days on T. turkestani and E. orientalis, respectively. Net reproductive rate (Ro) was significantly greater on E. orientalis (154.08) than on T. turkestani (97.6), but the estimate of intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was not statistically different (0.221 and 0.171, respectively). Our results suggest that both T. turkestani and E. orientalis are essential prey for S. gilvifrons development and reproduction and that E. orientalis is slightly more suitable than T. turkestani.