REACH의 규제상의 새로운 도전과 응전

李侑峰 梨花女子大學校 法學硏究所 2010 法學論集 Vol.14 No.3

2006년에 도입된 화학물질에 관한 EU의 새로운 규제인 REACH는 기존의 복잡하게 난립하던 다수의 화학물질에 관한 규제체계를 하나로 통합하기 위하여 제정되었다. 물론 REACH의 제정배경에는 대다수 화학물질의 안전성에 대하여 규제의 흠결을 보이고 있는 기존의 규제체계에 대한 비판이 전제되어 있었다. 따라서 REACH는 화학물질의 이용상 존재하는 리스크에 대한 정보제공의무를 그 동안 규제밖에 있던 기존물질생산자에게까지 확대하고, 또한 그 의무를 규제자로부터 물질생산 및 취급당사자에게로 이전함으로써, 리스크평가가 보다 용이하도록 하였다. 또한 정보의 불명확성으로 인하여 명확한 리스크평가가 다소 어려운 경우에는 사전배려원칙에 입각하여 보수적인 정보에 기초한 판단이 이루어지도록 함으로써 안전성을 강화하였다. 그러나다른 한편으로는 더 안전한 새로운 물질개발에 대한 인센티브를 부여함으로써 궁극적으로는 기존물질을 대체할 보다 안전한 신규물질개발의 촉진을 의도하고 있다. 이렇게 확대되고 강화된 화학물질에 관한 EU의 규제인 REACH는 비단 EU역내에 적용되는 것으로 그치지 않고, EU라는 거대한 시장을 바탕으로 우리나라를 비롯한 세계각국에 영향을 미치고 있다. 그러나 이러한 강화된 규제에 따르는 준수비용이 만만치않으므로, 특히 미국을 중심으로 이에 반대하는 주장도 강하게 제기되었다. 이 글에서 는 화학물질의 안전성에 관한 새로운 EU규제인 REACH를 리스크 관점에서 어떻게 평가할 수 있는지를 알아보기 위하여, 먼저, REACH의 제정배경을 설명하고, 그 내용과 특징을 상반된 입장을 취하고 있는 미국의 화학물질규제와 견주어 분석한 다음, 마지막으로 REACH가 미치는 세계 각국에 대한 영향을 중심으로 기술하였다. The new EU’s regulation on chemicals, REACH was established in 2006 for unification of the scrambling prior regulatory system on chemicals. Certainly, the introduction of new regulation was supported by critics over the existing regulatory system which was lacking in controlling safety of most of chemicals. Therefore, REACH made the risk assessment easier not only by burdening the producer of the existing chemicals with the obligation to provide information on the risk in chemicals, but also by shifting it from the regulator to the producers and the users of chemicals. Also, even in case that the manifest risk assessment is hard to get because of uncertain information, REACH strengthens the safety by preferring the more conservative data based on the precautionary principle. However, it ultimately encourages invention of the new safer substances substituting the existing substance by providing incentives for its development. Furthermore, the enlarged and strengthened EU’s regulation, REACH, is applied in its territory and is influencing to the global society including Korea, backed by the biggest market in the world. However, there have been strong critics against REACH, especially from US, due to the fact that it causes the tremendous amount of money to follow it. Here, to evaluate RAECH, the EU’s new regulation on chemicals, from the perspective of ‘Risk’, this article mainly described its regulatory background, contents, characteristics, and its global influence. Especially, for characterizing it, this study used the comparison with US’ regulatory approach on chemicals.

졸-겔 법과 RTA 장비를 이용한 전기 전도성 박막의 연구

金裕振 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 2001 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.12 No.-

Electroconductive antimony-doped tin oxide coating on borosilicate glass was studied. Solutions were prepared at various compositions of alkoxides in ethanol solvents containing small quantities of catalysts and H₂O. Conductive larger was coated by spin casting followed by proper thermal treatment. We could obtain good conductivity from the thin films by tuning the rotation velocity of spinner, the number of layers, the thicknesses of the layers, and the annealing temperature. The lowest sheet resistance achieved was 3600 Ω/sq.

승용차 조향계의 진동 연구

조의일,송상기 여수대학교 1991 論文集 Vol.5 No.-

The tendency of high speed and low-weight of passenger car may result in the bad feeling of ride comfort and controllability so that new design concept and technology has been required to solve those problems. Especially, the tangential vibration of the steering wheel makes the driver uncomfortable seriously at high speed. So to trace the origin, we use T.L.H. coordinate which is a standard in vehicle design, besides the steering wheel system and the frame are modeled by 20 D.O.F. to estimate dynamic characteristics of new cars with possible changes of the locations of linkages and material properties. Generally, the vehicle frame is considered as a rigid body in the vibration analysis of a vehicle. In this study, however, we have modeled the frame as a elastic body. Moreover, the effects of the dry friction in ball joint and tierod, king pin inclination and the side slip of the tire are included in the present analysis to supply design parameters required for new vehicles.

다양한 확정성을 갖는 CSSM API를 이용한 전자상거래 적용 방안

김의탁,신동명,최용락 대전대학교 산업기술연구소 1999 산업기술연구소 論文集 Vol.10 No.1

This study is proposed the plan of applying CSSM API(Common Security Service Management Application Programming Interface) being various extensibility to Electronic Commerce. Electronic Commerce is that trades products, documents customer to company, company to company, or company to government like real commerce. However, there are lots of security problems with Electronic Commerce because of using public network. especially internet. Cryptographic Application Programming Interface supports cryptographic services for each levels and various security services. CSSM API provides modulity, simplicity, and extensibility by various modules, interfaces compare to other CAPIs(Cryptographic Application Programming Interfaces). The proposal is expected that provides various security services to electronic commerce.

企業經營 構造의 實證的 分析硏究 : H産業의 材務諸表를 中心으로

權義晩 群山大學校 1981 論文集 Vol.2 No.-

This study is aimed at analysing the financial structure in H enterprising Co. The business analysis consist of both the internal analysis performed for the purpose of management and the external one by the creditor and investor for the their interest. This analysis carried out in the various ways on the basis of the different kinds of data make the considerable differences to the analysis in each case. The following items are acknowledged from the result of the business analysis in H. 1) The scale of total assets in 1979 is developed in comparison with the status in 1978. 2) The current assets diminished in 1979 in comparison with the status in 1978 and them the current liabilities increased. In the view point of the financial currency in H has been weaked 3) The fixed assets increased in 1979 in comparison with the status in the previous year. In the view point of the self assets and fixed assets which are the supplying sources of long-term assets the assets diminished on the contrary the fixed liabilities increased. 4) The increase of the fixed liabilities is likely to keep the self assets in bad condition. On the other hand the following items are acknowledged in the viewpoint of the results of operation. 1) The sales cost has been increased in 1979 in comparison of the status in the previous year by 13%, accordingly the ratio of the total sales interest to the sales decreased. In order to find out the reason for the decrease the analysis on the cost and quantity should be taken. 2) Non-operating income has been increased in comparison with that in the previous year, and it is favourable that the non-operating expense is less increased than the non-operating income.

자동입력시스템을 위한 도면미화에 관한연구

郭義鍾,尹厚炳,鄭成鍾 全北大學校 1994 論文集 Vol.37 No.-

As the diverse of industry increase information to handle, requirement of automatic input system has been increased. And these automatic input systems have been developed as the font of various kinds of recognition system. Expecially. drawing recognition system which is an automatic input system of drawing has been studied since 1970. But most of those systems are on-line system. On-line system can not continously display a status of making drawing by restriction of size of monitor, And can not input a printed data or hand drawn data with keyboard. In this paper, an off-line system to beautify the input data coming through scanner is proposed, and input data is a hand drawn data or printed data consisting of texts and graphics. To do this process, input data will be separated into line component, loop component, text. As shown in results, hand drawns or printed datas are separated into charater, line, and loop component. And also these separated component are beautified through symbol recognition.

다양한 알코올에 의해 일어나는 수용액내 CTAB 나노구조의 변이에 관한 연구

金裕振 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 2005 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.16 No.-

When the amphiphilic molecules are dissolved in water at the concentration above the critical micelle concentration(CMC), the phenomenon of micelle formation takes place. In this study the structures of the Cetyltrimethyl-ammonium Bromide(CTAB) micelles were investigated using SANS. These have received a considerable academic and industrial interests due to their special properties and various applicabilities. Although it has been well known that micelle of various forms can be formed, there are a lot of problems still not clearly confirmed about the detailed shapes, the size distribution of micelles, and inter-, intra- micelle interactions. For the present structure analysis, "Core and shell model" was introduced, in which the structure is consist of a "core" containing the surfactant hydrocarbon chains, a "shell" containing the charged head groups, a fraction of counter-ions, and water. It was possible to obtain structural information including the location of the alcohols in hydrocarbon core, hydrophilic shell and aqueous solvent media.

가스판별을 위한 원칩형 전자코 설계 및 응용

장으뜸,정완영 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 2002 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.13 No.1

原乳에 過酸化水素의 添加가 T.T.C. Test에 미치는 影響

金義濟,李革新 건국대학교 1980 論文集 Vol.11 No.1

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of hydrogen peroxide added as a raw milk preservative on TTC test and titratable acidity. The results obtained were as follows; (1) The added amount of hydrogen peroxide less than 0.03% didn't effect on TTC test. (2) When the raw milk was stored at 20℃ after adding 0.05% hydrogen peroxide, the acidity was the same as that of raw milk until 21 hours later. (3) When the acidity of milk was more than 0.25%, it effected on TTC test. (4) When the milk was stored at 30℃ after adding 0.3% hydrogen peroxide, the acidity of milk was the same as the acidity of raw milk until 21 hours later. (5) In the case of adding 0.05% hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen peroxide was disappeared after 15 hours.

북한 제2경제권에 대하여

정유진 연세대학교 통일연구원 1997 통일연구 Vol.1 No.1