Association and functional relevance of E237G, a polymorphism of the high-affinity immunoglobulin E-receptor β chain gene, to airway hyper-responsiveness

Kim, Y.-K.,Park, H.-W.,Yang, J.-S.,Oh, S.-Y.,Chang, Y.-S.,Shin, E.-S.,Lee, J.-E.,Kim, S.,Gho, Y. S.,Cho, S.-H.,Min, K.-U.,Kim, Y.-Y. Blackwell Scientific Publications 2007 Clinical and experimental allergy Vol.37 No.4

<P>Summary</P><P>Background</P><P>The hyper-sensitivity reaction of IgE, with its high-affinity receptors (FcϵRI), is central to the phenomenon of atopic diseases.</P><P>Objective</P><P>To evaluate the genetic effects of non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of FcϵRI on intermediate phenotypes of asthma, i.e. atopy and airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR), in the Korean general population.</P><P>Subjects and methods</P><P>Atopy and AHR were evaluated in a cohort of 2055 subjects, aged 10–18 years, using skin prick tests (SPTs) for common aeroallergens and total serum IgE and methacholine bronchial provocation tests. All FcϵRI-α, FcϵRI-β, and FcϵRI-γ gene exons of 24 healthy subjects were sequenced to locate informative non-synonymous SNPs (minor allele frequency >2%). Informative SNPs were then scored, using the high-throughput single base extension method. Relative risk (RR) was determined by multiple logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for confounding factors. The functional relevance of non-synonymous SNPs was analysed using the sorting intolerant from tolerant (SIFT) program.</P><P>Results</P><P>The SNP search found only one informative non-synonymous SNP in FcϵRI-β: E237G (minor allele frequency=0.21). The positive rate of AHR was lower among subjects with the 237<SUP>*</SUP>E allele than among those with 237<SUP>*</SUP>G [RR (95% confidence interval)=0.41 (0.19–0.89); <I>P</I>=0.01]. However, the E237G substitution was not associated with either a positive SPT response or total serum IgE levels. Sequence evolution analysis predicted that the E237G variation is an intolerant amino acid substitution, with functional importance.</P><P>Conclusion</P><P>In the Korean general population, AHR is significantly associated with the E237G polymorphism of FcϵRI-β, which results in an intolerant amino acid substitution.</P>

Characterization of Interface States in MOS Systems by Using Photonic High-Frequency Capacitance-Voltage Responses

S.J.Song,H.T.Kim,S.S.Chi,M.S.Kim,W.S.Chang,S.D.Cho,H.T.Shin,T.E.Kim,H.J.Kang,D.J.Kim,D.M.Kim 한국물리학회 2002 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.41 No.6

Based on the photonic high-frequency capacitance-voltage response of Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor capacitors, we report an improved characterization method for the analyzing of interface states in MOS systems. An optical source with a photonic energy $E_{ph}$ = 0.943 eV ($\lambda$ = 1314.5 nm) is employed for photonic deep-depletion (fast sweep rate) high-frequency Capacitance-Voltage (photonic DD HF-CV) characterization of interface states distributed in the photo-responsive energy band. Using the photonic DD HF-CV characterization, we obtained a U-shaped distribution of $D_{it}$ over ($E_V + E_g/2 - q\phi_f) < E_t < (E_V + E_g/2 - q\phi_f + q\phi_S$) for N-type Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor capacitors and ($E_C - E_g/2 - q\phi_f + q\phi_S) < E_t < (E_C - E_g/2 - q\phi_f$) for P-type Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor capacitors.

A rapid and simple method for distinguishing two mitten crabs (Eriocheir sinensis and Eriocheir japonica) in Korea using PCR-RFLP and PCR

Cho, Y.A.,Kim, E.M.,Kim, M.J.,Kang, J.H.,Dong, C.M.,An, H.S.,An, C.M.,Park, M.A.,Park, J.Y. Butterworths ; Taylor Francis ; Elsevier Science 2014 FOOD CONTROL Vol.36 No.1

Two species of mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis and Eriocheir japonica, are commercially valuable in Korea. Millions of their juveniles have been released in attempts to restore ecological habitat and enhance fishery resources. Due to their habitat's singularity, exact species identification should be conducted before juveniles are released. In this study, we used a highly conserved region of the mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt b) gene to distinguish E. sinensis from E. japonica. We designed a primer set to amplify part of the mitochondrial cyt b gene of both species and obtained 1024 base pairs (bp) of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product. These PCR products were digested with the restriction enzyme MboII and the species-specific restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns were analyzed. Also, we designed primers for the rapid identification of cyt b gene (498 bp) to distinguish E. sinensis. PCR-RFLP and PCR using new primers are a fast and inexpensive method to access species identification. This simple and rapid method can provide useful information for E. sinensis and E. japonica species identification.

Relation of N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide and Left Ventricular Diastolic Function to Exercise Tolerance in Patients With Significant Valvular Heart Disease and Normal Left Ventricular Systolic Function

Hwang, J.w.,Park, S.J.,Cho, E.J.,Kim, E.K.,Lee, G.Y.,Chang, S.A.,Choi, J.O.,Lee, S.C.,Park, S.W. Cahners Pub. Co., etc.] ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2017 The American Journal of Cardiology Vol.119 No.11

<P>An association between N-terminal prohormone brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and exercise tolerance in patients with valvular heart disease (VHD) has been suggested; however, there are few data available regarding this relation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the correlation between exercise tolerance and NT-proBNP in patients with asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic significant VHD and normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LV EF). A total of 96 patients with asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic VHD and normal LV EF (>= 50%) underwent cardiopulmonary exercise echocardiography. NT-proBNP levels were determined at baseline and after exercise in 3 hours. Patients were divided in 2 groups based on lower (<26 ml/kg/min, n = 47) or higher (>= 26 ml/kg/min, n = 49) peak oxygen consumption (VO2) as a representation of exercise tolerance. In the 2 groups, after adjusting for age and gender, the NT-proBNP level after exercise in 3 hours, left atrial volume index before exercise, right ventricular systolic pressure before exercise, E velocity after exercise, and E/e' ratio after exercise varied significantly. In addition, peak V02 was inversely related to NT-proBNP before (r = 0.352, p <0.001) and after exercise (r = 0.351, p <0.001). The NT-proBNP level before exercise was directly related to the left atrial volume index, E/e' ratio, and right ventricular systolic pressure before and after exercise. NT-proBNP after exercise was also directly related to the same parameters. NTproBNP levels both before and after exercise were higher in the group with lower exercise tolerance. In conclusion, through the correlation among exercise tolerance, NT-proBNP, and parameters of diastolic dysfunction, we demonstrated that diastolic dysfunction and NT-proBNP could predict exercise tolerance in patients with significant VHD and normal LV EF. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</P>

PIN1 Inhibition Suppresses Osteoclast Differentiation and Inflammatory Responses

Cho, Y.-A.,Jue, S.-S.,Bae, W.-J.,Heo, S.-H.,Shin, S.-I.,Kwon, I.-K.,Lee, S.-C.,Kim, E.-C. SAGE Publications 2015 Journal of dental research Vol.94 No.2

<P>Inflammatory responses and osteoclast differentiation play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of osteolytic bone diseases such as periodontitis. Although overexpression or inhibition of peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1 (PIN1) offers a possible therapeutic strategy for chronic inflammatory diseases, the role of PIN1 in periodontal disease is unclear. The aim of the present study was to evaluate PIN1 expression in periodontitis patients as well as the effects of PIN1 inhibition by juglone or PIN1 small-interfering RNA (siRNA) and of PIN1 overexpression using a recombinant adenovirus encoding PIN1 (Ad-PIN1) on the inflammatory response and osteoclastic differentiation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and nicotine-stimulated human periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs). PIN1 was up-regulated in chronically inflamed PDLCs from periodontitis patients and in LPS- and nicotine-exposed PDLCs. Inhibition of PIN1 by juglone or knockdown of PIN1 gene expression by siRNA markedly attenuated LPS- and nicotine-stimulated prostaglandin E<SUB>2</SUB> (PGE<SUB>2</SUB>) and nitric oxide (NO) production, as well as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, whereas PIN1 overexpression by Ad-PIN1 increased it. LPS- and nicotine-induced nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation was blocked by juglone and PIN1 siRNA but increased by Ad-PIN1. Conditioned medium prepared from LPS- and nicotine-treated PDLCs increased the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase–stained osteoclasts and osteoclast-specific gene expression. These responses were blocked by PIN1 inhibition and silencing but stimulated by Ad-PIN1. Furthermore, juglone and PIN1 siRNA inhibited LPS- and nicotine-induced osteoclastogenic cytokine expression in PDLCs. This study is the first to demonstrate that PIN1 inhibition exhibits anti-inflammatory effects and blocks osteoclastic differentiation in LPS- and nicotine-treated PDLCs. PIN1 inhibition may be a therapeutic strategy for inflammatory osteolysis in periodontal disease.</P>

돼지 대장에서 분리한 E.coli의 중금속 내성에 관한 연구

조창현,정욱진,이영수,최인실,강희옥,박남규,김명화,변미경,이현숙 경상대학교 환경보전연구소 1993 環境保全硏究所報 Vol.1 No.1

돼지의 대장에서 서식하는 466개의 대장균 균주들을 분리하여, 중금속인 Ag, Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni 및Pb에 대한 저항성을 조사 하였다. 거의 대부분의 균주들이 이들 여섯가지 중금속 모두에 강한 저항성을 보였다. 이것은 우리 주위환경의 중금속 오염 정도가 심각하다는 것을 간접적으로 나타내는 것이다. Ag, Pb 및 Hg를 함유하고 있는 고체 배지에서 균주를 성장시켰을때, colony 색깔이 중금속 자체의 광택과 같은 색깔을 나타내는 점으로 보아, 이들 중금속에 대한 저항기작은 유해한 중금속 이온을 세포내 에서 무해한 금속 형태로 전환시켜 세포내에 축적시키는 기작임을 시사하였다. 그 중 가장 높은 저항성을 나타내는 isolate 385를 Ag와 Pb를 함유한 액체배지에서 각각 배양한 뒤 세포내 Ag와 Pb 축적량을 조사한 결과, 건조세포 무게당 0.72g Ag 및 0.23g Pb를 세포내에 축적하고 있었다. 따라서, 이 균주를 유전자 조작 등의 방법으로 개발 한다면 산업 폐수내에 존재하는 이 중금속들의 제거에 효율적으로 사용할 수 있을 것이라 사료된다. We isolated E.coli from porcine intestines and examined the resistances to various heavy-metals, Ag, Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni, and Pb. The 466 isolates were resistant to the heavy-metals. Among them, 72.1% was survived in 1 mM AgNO₃, 9.3% in 80 mM AgNO₃, 95.9% in 0.6 mM Cd(NO₃)₂, 5.6% in 3 mN Cd(NO₃)₂. 95.9% in Cu(NO₃)₂, 48.5% in 0.2 mM HgCl₂, 3.4% in 0.6 mM HgCl₂, 64.4% in 5 mM NiCl₂ and 67.4% in 10 mM Pb(NO₃)₂. The isolate 385 was most resistant to silver and lead ions and the MICs of the ions were 80 mM and 11 mM, respectively. These resistances were inducible by Ag^+ and Pb^2+ ions. When isolate 385 grew in LB-agar plates containing AgNO₃ or Pb(NO₃)₂, the colony colors were changed from light yellow to deep brown. This change to brown color suggests that the resistances of 385 cells to Ag^+ and Pb^2+ ions were due to the reducing mechanism which converted them into the elementary metals(Ag^0, Pb^0) after the uptake of the ions into the cells. The resistant cells accumulated 0.72gr of Ag^0 and 0.23gr of Pb^0 per cells dry wt.

e-AIRS: An e-Science Collaboration Portal for Aerospace Applications

Kim, Y.,Kim, E.-K.,Kim, J. Y.,Cho, J.-H.,Kim, C.,Cho, K. W. SPRINGER-VERLAG 2006 ICHIT 2012 Vol.4208 No.-

방전 가공을 이용한 embossing 성형기술 연구

조을훈(E. H. Cho),김정균(J. K. Kim),오상기(S. G Oh),이승호(S. H. Lee) 한국소성가공학회 2011 한국소성가공학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2011 No.5

Recently, it is developed a variety of electrical contacts on the switch. The contacts will be processed for 2.30 of embossing type as a three-cladding material (Ag-Cu-Fe) used. Embossing type of electrical contacts are working to increase the hardness without plate thickness of the material and local plastic deformation of the shape in process. In this study, we are made of contact in total of 5 spot embossing and measured outside diameter, depth in jig pin by using microscope, respectively. We were found that the important of height, outside diameter of embossing because of spot process for joined bimetal and contact in processing of manufacture thermostat. The pin was formed by the processing for HSS material by E.D.M (electrical discharge machine)

Deep level states and negative photoconductivity in n-ZnO/p-Si hetero-junction diodes

Cho, S.G.,Nahm, T.U.,Kim, E.K. Elsevier 2014 Current Applied Physics Vol.14 No.3

Negative photoconductivity (NPC) was observed in n-ZnO/p-Si heterojunction diode grown by ultra-high vacuum sputtering method under nitrogen ambient. Under the illumination of ultra-violet light, positive photoconductivity was observed at low bias voltages, whereas NPC was observed at high bias voltages. The defect states in the ZnO layers grown on Si were analyzed by photoluminescence and deep level transient spectroscopy measurements. Two deep levels were measured at E<SUB>c</SUB>-0.51 eV and E<SUB>c</SUB>-0.54 eV, which might be originated from oxygen vacancy and nitrogen atom related defects, respectively. Based on the simulation of band diagram, the defect states were located below Fermi level at zero bias voltage. However, as increasing the bias voltages, NPC was observed due to the increase of empty defect states. This analysis allowed us to consider the possibility that the NPC phenomenon in n-ZnO/p-Si heterojunction diode is originated dominantly from the defect states as a carrier recombination center in ZnO layer.

Effects of the Family Environment and the Biogenetic Temperament/Character on the Emotional and Behavioral Aspects of the Filial Piety

Cho, Doo-Young,Lyoo, In Kyoon,Hong, Kang-E 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.5

연구목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 成長期의 家族環境과 先天的인 氣質 및 性格特性이 行動的 孝認識과 情緖的 孝認識의 形成에 미치는 特定한 選擇的 影響을 分析하는 것이다. 연구방법 : 多段階 群集分析方法으로 선정된 서울지역 男女大學生 132명을 대상으로 Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-Ⅲ-R과 Personality Disorder Questionnaire-Revised를 사용하여 共存 Axis I 및 Axis Ⅱ 精神科 障碍 有無를 검사하였다. 共存 精神科 障碍 및 기타 배재요건을 가진 34명을 제외한 서울 지역 대학생(男子 49명, 女子 49명)과 그 父母가 硏究對家群이 되었다. 이들을 대상으로 孝尺度를 사용하여 孝認識의 다양한 側面을 측정하였고, 家族環境尺度를 사용하여 成長期의 家族環境을 측정하였으며, 氣質 및 性格檢査道具를 사용하여 先天的인 氣質 및 性格的 傾向을 측정하였다 연구결과 : 1)孝尺度上의 평가에서 大學生 硏究對家群은 父母群과 비교하여, 家族調和, 義務/責任感, 犧牲, 補償, 이웃간의 調和 및 家門繼承의 孝側面을 덜 중요하게 認識하고 있었다. 家族環境의 多樣한 側面에서는 硏究家群과 父母群 사이에 有意한 統計的 차이가 있었다. 2)成長期 家族環境이 孝認識에 미치는 影響에 관한 연구결과를 요약하면, 成就指向的이고 道德性-倫理性을 강조하는 小兒-靑少年期 家族環境은 行動的 측면의 孝 認識과 有意한 相關關係가 있었으며, 家族간의 凝集性 및 表現性이 높은 家族環境은 情緖的 측면의 孝의 認識과 有意한 相關關係가 있었다. 3) 先天的 性格을 代辯하는 生物遺傳的 氣質 및 性格이 孝認識에 미치는 影響에 관한 연구결과를 요약하면, 낮은 自己中心性은 行動的 孝認識과 유의한 相關關係가 있었으며, 높은 協助性은 情緖的 측면의 孝認識과 有意한 相關關係가 있었다. 결 론 : 本 硏究는 成長期 家族環境과 生物遺傳的 氣質 및 性格이 孝認識 樣相, 즉 行動的 및 情緖的 孝認識의 形成에 미치는 特定한 影響을 報告한다. Objective : This study aimed to tap the influence of the childhood and adolescent family environment and biogenetic temperament/character on the filial piety profile, i,e., its behavioral and emotional aspects in Korean college students. Methods : Ninety-eight college students(male=49, female=49, the main study group) in the Seoul Metropolitan area were selected using multi-stage(randomized) cluster procedures. Their parents(N=174) became the 'generation' comparison group, The Filial piety Scale was used to evaluate the perception of filial piety, both in 13 individual items and in two factor-analytically-produced behavioral and emotional aspects of filial piety. The Family Environment Scale was used to evaluate the childhood and adolescent family environment. The Temperament and Character Inventory was used to assess biogenetic temperament and character of the study subjects. Results : Parents of college students scored significantly higher on filial piety items of familial harmony, responsibility/obligation, sacrifice, compensation, neighborhood. harmony, and family continuity than their offspring did. There were no significant differences between study subjects and their parents in perceiving their family environment. Childhood environment with high moralethical emphasis and high achievement orientation was significantly correlated with the behavioral aspect of filial piety whereas cohesive and expressive family environment was shown to be linked to the emotional aspect of filial piety. Regarding the biogenetic temperament/character-filial piety relationship, low self-directedness was positively correlated with behavioral aspect of filial piety while high cooperativeness was positively correlated with emotional aspect of filial piety. Conclusions : This study reports distinct patterns of relationship between childhood family environment and the filial piety profile and between biogenetic temperament/character and the filial piety profile in Korean college students.