한라산 주변에 발생하는 Karman Vortex Street 재현

권지혁(Kwon Ji-hyuk·Lee),이연원(Lee Yeon-won),김영덕(Kim Young-duk),박광열(Park Kwang-yul) 한국풍공학회 2006 한국풍공학회지 Vol.10 No.1

늦가을과 초본 사이 제주도 후면에 Karman vortex street가 발생한다. 이러한 vortex가 발생하기 위해서는 기온 역전층과 5 ~ 13 m/s의 지속적인 바람이 필요하다는 것을 밝히기 위한 많은 연구들이 있었다. 이러한 vortex clouds는 발생 후 주 풍향의 방향을 이동하게 된다. Karman vortex street는 기상학에서 매우 흥미로운 주제이다. 본 연구에서는 LES 난류 모델을 이용하여 Karman vortex street에 관한 해석을 수행하고 수치해석을 통해 얻은 결과와 기상 데이터가 일치함을 보였다. From late autumn to the beginning of the spring, the phenomena of the Karman vortex street have been frequently observed in the wake of Mt. Halla in the Jeju island. Some researches revealed that the necessary conditions for development of these vortex clouds are a strong low-level inversion of temperature and a persistent wind speed of 5 to 13m/s. After the cloud is formed, the vortex clouds are shed from alternating sides of Jeju island and then move downwind with main airflow stream. The Karman vortex street in the wake of the Jeju island was one of the interesting topics in meteorology. In this study, CFD using LES turbulence model was developed to investigate the Karman vortex street and the results of CFD showed a good agreement with weather data.

地方自治의 本質과 機能 : Stellung der Kommunalen Selbstverwaltung in der Regierungsstruktur 地方自治의 統治構造的 座標

李悳衍 公州大學校 地域開發硏究所 1997 地域開發硏究論叢 Vol.5 No.2

건축허가의 취소와 국가배상

李悳衍 한국공법학회 2003 공법연구 Vol.31 No.4

Nach der Aenderung des korean. Baugesetzes(2001. 1. 16) ist die Baugenehmigung, zumindest fuer das Gasthaus einchliesslich des sog. love-hotels, in einer Ermessensentscheidung gewandelt. In dieser Konstellation ist vorherzusehen, das Rechtsanwendungsrisiko zu Ungunsten des Genehmigungsempfaengers, also dem Bauherrn zur Last fallen zu werden, In Zusammenhang damit stellt sich die Rechtsfrage, ob und in welchem Umfang dem Bauherrn Ansprueche auf den Schadensersatz wegen Amtspflichtverletzung zustehen, wenn ihm zunaechst einen Baugenehmigung erteilt worden ist, diese aber ohne seine Verschulden bzw. jedenfalls nicht nur wegen seines Verschuldens wieder aufgehoben wurde. In solchen Fallgestaltungen ist klar, das schutzwuerdige Vertrauen des buaherrn sei jedenfalls nicht so weit eingeschraenkt, dass ein Totalverlust bereits auf der Tatbetaende stattfinden muesste. Massgenend ist dabei, nicht ob, sondern wie das Risiko verteilt werden kann. Eine sachgerechte Loesung besteht in einer Abwaegung der Verschuldungen, die zuerst auf dem Ausgangspunkt der Anerkennung eines sog. Organisations-verschuldens vorzunehmen ist.

Site-directed Mutagenesis에 의한 rbsB103의 복기 돌연변이 분리

이덕연,백광희 경희대학교 유전공학연구소 1992 遺傳工學論文集 Vol.4 No.-

Ribose-binding protein (RBP) of E. coli function in the periplasm as a component of a high affinity transport system for ribose and as a primary receptor for chemotaxis toward ribose. A mutational change(rbsB103) in the signel sequence of RBP block the export of the protein to the periplasm. One of the intragenic suppressors for rbsB103 isolated genetically carries mutation at 27th position of RBP. In order to assess the role of the 27th amino acid in protein transport, we substituted the Ala of 27th position with various amino acids by site-directed mutagenesis method. The assay of the mutants by chemotaxis indicates that the replacement of the Ala by Cys, Gly, Ser, Thr, or Val can suppress the defect of protein transport, but the replacement by Glu, Pro, or Leu cannot.

574(H) X 489(V)개의 화소를 가지는 CCD형 촬영소자

허연철,이종덕 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1990 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.1 No.1

수평으로 574개, 수직으로 489개의 화소를 가지는 1/2인치 CCD형 촬영 소자를 설계하고 제작하였다. 오버플로우 드레인의 동작을 이해하고 이를 효과적으로 이용한 설계를 위하여 광다이오드의 수직방향 전위분포를 계산하였고 전위분포의 간접적 검증 방법으로 펀치쓰루 전류를 측정하여 펀치쓰루가 일어나기 시작하는 바이어스 조건을 얻어서 계산치와 비교하는 방법을 사용하였다. BCCD의 최대 전위와 최대 신호 저장 용량을 BC MOSFET를 이용하여 측정된 전류로부터 계산하여 암신호와 구동 클락의 효율성을 고려할 때 전달단 구동 클락의 전압과 전달단의 크기가 타당하다는 결론을 얻었다. 출력단으로 쓰이는 이단 소스 플로워의 주파수 특성을 측정하고 SPICE를 이용한 모의 실험도 병행하여 30만 화소 정도의 촬영 소자에는 사용가능하나 더 높은 해상도를 가지는 촬영 소자에서는 고주파에서 이득이 작아지기 때문에 적용상에 어려움이 있음을 알았다. A 1/2-inch interline CCD image sensor with 574(H)X489(V) pixels has been designed and fabricated. The chip is compatible with the NTSC system. The vertical potential profile of a photodiode is calculated to analyze the VOFD action and the measurement of the punchthrough edge conditions is adopted as indirect verification of the profile. The maximum potential and the charge storage capability of BCCD are also calculated with the measured current from BCMOSFET and it is concluded that the storage capability and the voltage level of operation clock are reasonable in terms of the dark signal and the efficiency of clock pulse. The frequency response of the two stage source follower is also simulated by SPICE and measured for the investigation of the limit of the operation frequency. Its gain is sufficient for image sensor with about 300000 pixels. But it is not suitable for an image sensor with more than one million pixels since its gain is too small at the high frequency.

신체증상 및 기분증상을 주증상으로 호소하는 우울증 환자군의 비교 : In relation with somatic symptoms and stressful life events

김덕호,이상연,장환일 대한적십자사 2000 적십자병원지 Vol.27 No.1

서양요리의 이용실태 및 소스(Sauce)가 음식품질에 미치는 영향

김현덕,이연정,한재숙 동아시아식생활학회 2002 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.12 No.4

The purpose of this study was to research Koreans western food experiences and the influence of sauce on food quality. Among 1,340 respondents, 660 were males and 680 females in Daegu and Kyeongbuk area. The first part of this study was about their experiences on western foods. As the main motivation to visit western restaurants, 33.2% responded the facilities and atmosphere and 23.7% because they liked western foods. Family was the most common group of company with 33.5% of respondents when they visited the restaurants. In terms of monthly frequency, most of them (60.7%) visited 1~2 times a month. Taste of food was the main factor (34.0%) for choosing western foods. But taste of food was also the most common dissatisfaction with western foods for 36.2% of respondents. Price of foods was next (31.6%) and quality of waiter and waitress services was the third most common factor (13.6%). The second part of the study was an investigation of the influence of sauce on food quality. 35.0% of respondents tasted the sauce at the hotel restaurant. 40.5% of respondents indicated sauce influenced the image of the western foods and 40.9% indicated the level of the influence as substantial. In total, 81.4% of respondents answered that the quality of the sauce influenced the image of the western foods. In general, the influence of sauce on western food quality was perceived as a significant contributing factor with an average 4.00 on 5-point scale in 15 questionnaires. Notably, the questionnaire, "The taste of the western food is improved mostly with sauce." ranked the highest with 4.45 on the 5-point scale.

소스(Sauce)의 인식과 기호도 및 품질요인에 대한 평가분석

김현덕,이연정,한재숙 동아시아식생활학회 2002 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.12 No.3

This study was performed to investigate and analyze the level of recognition, preferences and quality factors of sauces. A total of 1,340 subjects, 660 males and 680 females in the Daegu and Kyeongbuk areas participated in a questionnaire for this study. The results were summarized as follows: Among the respondents, 41.1% answered that they learned about the sauces from a western style restaurant. 73.4% of the respondents suggested that the taste and the quality of sauces had an influence on their preferences of western dishes. 81.2% of the respondents recognized that sauces are mainly used when baking and broiling; it was widely known that demiglace sauce is used on steaks. The preferred colors of sauces from most popular to least popular were brown, blond, white, yellow and red. The overall favorite stock material of demiglace sauce was beef bone. Foods that were preferred to be served with sauces were found to be beef, pork, seafood, fish, shellfish, poultry and cereals from most preferred to least preferred. The favorite sauces were brown stock sauce, tomato sauce, liquor sauce, and cream sauce from most preferred to least preferred. The oil and butter sauces were preferred the least. Using a scale of 1 to 5 with 5 being the highest, the respondents rated the way sauces were cooked as the most important the quality-determining factor, with a mean value of 4.31. The raw ingredient as the most important factor was rated 4.45. Among sensory factors, the respondents agreed taste was that the most important characteristic, with a mean value of 4.65. 36.0% evaluated the overall quality of sauces as good and 47.0% as ordinary when served with western dishes. 44.1% of the respondents stated that the taste is was the topmost characteristic that needed to be improved, and that flavor and color were next in order.

정확한 Closed-Form 그린함수를 이용한 코플래너 도파로 불연속 해석

강연덕,송성찬,이택경 한국항행학회 2003 韓國航行學會論文誌 Vol.7 No.2

실수축 상의 적분 방법에 의한 정확한 closed-form 그린함수를 이용하여 코플래너 도파로의 불연속에 대한 공간영역 full-wave 해석을 하였다. MPIE(Mixed Potential Integral Eqution)를 풀기 위한 수치계산 방법으로는 삼각형 요소를 이용한 갤러킨 방법을 사용하였다. 경계면에서 삼각형 요소상의 기저함수로는 선형함수를 사용하였으며, 관측점과 전원점이 일치하는 특이점 근방의 적분 계산을 위해 면적분을 선적분 형태로 바꾸어 피적분 함수의 특이점이 사라지도록 하는 해석적인 방법을 사용하였다. 실수축 적분방법에 의한 그린함수를 이용함으로써 불연속에 대한 정확한 특성을 구하였다. By using accurate closed-form Green's functions obtained from real-axis integration method, the full-wave analysis of CPW discontinuities are performed in space domain. In solving MPIE(Mixed Potetial Integral Equation), Galerkin's scheme is employed with the linear basis functions on the truangular elements in air-dielectric boundary. In the singular integral arising when the observation point and source point coincides, the surface integral is transformed into the line integral and the integral is evaluated by regular integration. By using the green's function from the real-axis integration method, the discontinuities are characterized accurately.

노인에서 한국판 행동통제척도의 표준화 및 타당도 연구

김효진,이준영,정희연,나덕렬,조성진,조맹제,장성만 大韓神經精神醫學會 2007 신경정신의학 Vol.46 No.4

The aims of this study are to demonstrate the reliability and the validity of the Korean version of Behavioral Dyscontrol Scale (BDS-K.) and to present the normative values of BDS-K among the Korean elderly. The BDS-K was administered in a standardized manner to 1,389 healthy volunteers aged over 65 years recruited from the cornmunity. The elderly with serious neurological, medical or psychiatric disorders were excluded using screening tests. BDS-K showed good intemal consistency (Cronbach's alpha=0.812), test-retest reliability (r=0.88) and inter-rater reliability (r=0.99). Age and educational level were found to affect BDS-K score. Based on this result, normative values of BDS-K. were calculated by age and educational level. The validity of the BDS-K were demonstrated in comparison with MMSE-KC (r=0.72). BDS-K is reliable and valid instrument for measuring executive function of the elderly. The normative values suggested by this study can be widely used as reference values to objectively interpret BDS-K scores of the Korean elderly.