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이석재,박동식 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 1994 圓光醫科學 Vol.10 No.1-2
A study on spinal cord injury patients with neurogenic bladder dysfunction using sterile intermittent catheterization was conducted. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of bladder training in neurogenic bladder patients for genitourinary complication, and to achieve balanced bladder. The subjects were 19 spinal cord injury patients with neurogenic bladder dysfunction who were admitted to the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Wonkwang University Hospital from March 1994 to August 1994. The results were as follows: 1) Among the 19 patients ranging in age from 19 to 60 years old, the most common age group was 30-39 years old, and the subjects conisisted of 15 male and 4 female patients. 2) Of 15 patients with spinal cord injury on and above T10. 12 patients had detrusor hyperreflexia. Whereas areflexia in spinal cord injury below T10 was found in 3 out of 4 patients. 3) Balanced bladder was achieved in 18 out of 19 patients, and the duration of intermittent catheterization was 47 days in the complete injury patients and 15 days in the incomplete injury patients. 4) Providencia rettgeri was the most common causative organism of urinary tract infection. 5) The prevalence of symptomatic urinary tract infection was 42.1% in 19 patients. 6) The urologic complication caused by neurogenic bladder in spinal cord injury patients was found in 2 out of 19 patients( 10.5%).
최충석,김향곤,김동욱 한국안전학회 2004 한국안전학회지 Vol.19 No.1
The PVC insulated flexible cords are used mainly as power supply cords of electric appliance. This electric wire is a stranded wire consisted of dozens of strands. In case stranded wires are disconnected by mechanical stress, it weakens electrically. Finally, the over current flows through stranded wires, and electrical fire occurs. In this study, we analyzed the melting properties of strands by over current, such as melting process, melting current and melting time. And we analyzed that quantity of heat for melting, a cross sectional structure, and surface structure by optical microscope and SEM. As analysis results, melting time decreased as melting current increased. And quantity of heat for melting was low, too. From the cross sectional structure of melted wire, when a melting current low and melting time long, it was found that the dendrite structure grew. However, the dendrite structure is hard to grow because growing time is not enough when a melting current high and melting time short.
고온·고압 처리한 키토산을 이용한 수중의 납 제거에 관한 연구
김동석,이승원,우형택 한국환경과학회 2003 한국환경과학회지 Vol.12 No.12
In order to know the effect of autoclaving on the heavy metal removal using chitosan, lead removal capacities and removal rates by various chitosans in aqueous solution were compared according to the various autoclaving time. The lead removal efficiencies and removal rates by the autoclaved chitosan were found to be on the order of 15 min(98%) > 10 min(95%) > 30 min(83%) > 5 min(53%) > 60 min(47%) > 0 min(22%) chitosan. The molecular weight of chitosan was decreased by the increase of autoclaving time. Therefore, the heavy metal removal capacity was not well correlated to the molecular weight. Langmuir isotherm was well fitted to experimental results of equilibrium adsorption on chitosan. In order to examine the process of lead removal by the autoclaved chitosan, TEMs, SEMs and FT-IR analyses were used. The surface of autoclaved chitosan was much more porous and the lead removal was mainly occurred on the surface of chitosan. The structure of autoclaved chitosan was same as that of controlled chitosan.
김동석,박민정 한국환경과학회 2003 한국환경과학회지 Vol.12 No.7
This study was carried out to get more operational characteristics of the sequencing batch biofilm reactors with media volume/reactor volume ratio of 15 %, 25 % and 35 %. Experiments were conducted to find the effects of the media packing ratio on organic matters and nutrients removal. Three laboratory scale reactors were fed with synthetic wastewater. During studies, the operation mode was fixed. The organic removal efficiency didn't show large difference among three reactor of different packing media ratios. However, from the study results, the optimum packing media ratios for biological nutrient removal was shown as 25%. The denitrifying PAOs could take up and store phosphate using nitrate as electron acceptor.
최충석,송길목,김동우 한국안전학회 2004 한국안전학회지 Vol.19 No.4
In this paper, we analyzed on the characteristics of the stranded wire disconnected by repeated stress. The stranded wires that were used in the experiment are PVC insulated flexible cords(VCTFK: Vinyl Insulated Vinyl Cabtyrc Cord Flat-type) of 0.75mm², 1.25mm², and 2.Omm². They are used to connect the load in low voltage. The stranded wires disconnected by repeated stress were magnified with optical microscope. Using X-ray, the disconnected wire were photo-graphed. we compared mechanical characteristics of the stranded wire between disconnected tendency and allowable current. On the mechanical strength of vinyl cap tire ellipse type cords under bending stress, VCTFK of 1.25mm²was the strongest of them. When it was bent 826.3±7 times, it appeared the disconnected tendency that element wires of VCTFK of 1.25mm²are more about 1.67 times than element wires of VCTFK of 0.75mm². In mechanical strength, VCTFK of 1.25mm² is higher about 1.7 times than VCTFK of 0.75mm². Therefore, we found out that mechanical strength was higher, when the wire had a lot of element wires. In comparison with bending stress, VCTFK of 1.25mm²is the strongest among samples, and it is the most useful in wires of movable type.