Study on the differential gene expression of elm leaves fed on by Tetraneura akinire Sasaki

Hai‑bo Lu,Ling‑pin Jin,Dong Wei,Zhi‑hong Huang 한국유전학회 2019 Genes & Genomics Vol.41 No.12

Background To study the essential molecular mechanism of gall formation is very important. Objective To investigate the differential gene expression in leaves fed on by Tetraneura akinire Sasaki and to provide a basis for the better understanding of the essential molecular mechanism of gall formation. Methods The infected leaves of the elm were divided into three periods: initial formation period (T2), growth and differentiation period (T3), and cracking period (T4). The untouched leaves were used as the control (T1). RNA-Seq was performed, and the high-quality sequences were mapped to the reference genome and the elm gene database to obtain the gene expression profiles. The expression level of each gene was calculated by the RPKM method. A combination of FDR ≤ 0.01 and the absolute value of |log2 ratio (T/CK)| ≥ 2 was used as the threshold to determine the significance of gene expression. Finally, GO and pathway enrichment analyses were used to identify the significantly enriched functional classification and metabolic pathways in DEGs. Results The results revealed that approximately 244 mRNAs were detected between T1 and T2, including 192 up-regulated and 52 down-regulated mRNAs; approximately 175 mRNAs were detected between T1 and T3, including 145 up-regulated and 30 down-regulated mRNAs; and approximately 372 mRNAs were detected between T1 and T4, including 360 up-regulated and 12 down-regulated mRNAs. Approximately 34 differentially expressed genes were identified by Venn analysis. Comparing the three infection periods to the control, there were 28 up-regulated and six down-regulated mRNAs. Additionally, 562 genes were used for cluster analysis, which revealed that the gene expression in T2 and T3 changed greatly. Genes related to cell proliferation and respiration, such as microtubulin and 6-phosphoric acid fructose kinase were mainly up-regulated during the T2 period. Genes encoding lipoxygenase, glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase and protease inhibitor were up-regulated during T2 and T3. Genes encoding lignocellulose synthase were up-regulated during T4, which suggests the reinforcement of the cell wall to improve the resistance to the damage of the Tetraneura akinire Sasaki. Conclusions The results showed that the feeding of Tetraneura akinire Sasaki caused the differential expression of elm genes and influenced cellular energy metabolism. These changes in physiological response and gene expression of the elm compose the physiological and molecular basis of the gall formation and may improve the resistance of elm to Tetraneura akinire Sasaki.

Associations of Plasma Glucagon Levels with Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate, Albuminuria and Diabetic Kidney Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Hua-Xing Huang,Liang-Lan Shen,Hai-Yan Huang,Li-Hua Zhao,Feng Xu,Dong-Mei Zhang,Xiu-Lin Zhang,Tong Chen,Xue-Qin Wang,Yan Xie,Jian-Bin Su 대한당뇨병학회 2021 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.45 No.6

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by elevated fasting glucagon and impaired suppression of postprandial glucagon secretion, which may participate in diabetic complications. Therefore, we investigated the associations of plasma glucagon with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), albuminuria and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in T2DM patients.Methods: Fasting glucagon and postchallenge glucagon (assessed by area under the glucagon curve [AUCgla]) levels were determined during oral glucose tolerance tests. Patients with an eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and/or a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) ≥30 mg/g who presented with diabetic retinopathy were identified as having DKD.Results: Of the 2,436 recruited patients, fasting glucagon was correlated with eGFR and UACR (r=–0.112 and r=0.157, respectively; P<0.001), and AUCgla was also correlated with eGFR and UACR (r=–0.267 and r=0.234, respectively; P<0.001). Moreover, 31.7% (n=771) presented with DKD; the prevalence of DKD was 27.3%, 27.6%, 32.5%, and 39.2% in the first (Q1), second (Q2), third (Q3), and fourth quartile (Q4) of fasting glucagon, respectively; and the corresponding prevalence for AUCgla was 25.9%, 22.7%, 33.7%, and 44.4%, respectively. Furthermore, after adjusting for other clinical covariates, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs; 95% confidence intervals) for DKD in Q2, Q3, and Q4 versus Q1 of fasting glucagon were 0.946 (0.697 to 1.284), 1.209 (0.895 to 1.634), and 1.521 (1.129 to 2.049), respectively; the corresponding ORs of AUCgla were 0.825 (0.611 to 1.114), 1.323 (0.989 to 1.769), and 2.066 (1.546 to 2.760), respectively. Additionally, when we restricted our analysis in patients with glycosylated hemoglobin <7.0% (n=471), we found fasting glucagon and AUCgla were still independently associated with DKD.Conclusion: Both increased fasting and postchallenge glucagon levels were independently associated with DKD in T2DM patients.

Angiopoietin-1 Modified Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Endotoxin- Induced Acute Lung Injury in Rats

Zhi-Wei Huang,Le-Ling Zhang,Ning Liu,Dong Li,Hai-Yan Zhang,Ying Wang,Yi Liu,Xiu-Li Ju 연세대학교의과대학 2017 Yonsei medical journal Vol.58 No.1

Purpose: Angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) is a critical factor for vascular stabilization and endothelial survival via inhibition of endothelial permeability and leukocyte- endothelium interactions. Hence, we hypothesized that treatment with umbilical cord mesenchymalstem cells (UCMSCs) carrying the Ang1 gene (UCMSCs-Ang1) might be a potential approach for acute lung injury (ALI) inducedby lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Materials and Methods: UCMSCs with or without transfection with the human Ang1 gene were delivered intravenously into rats one hour after intra-abdominal instillation of LPS to induce ALI. After the rats were sacrificed at 6 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, 8 days, and 15 days post-injection of LPS, the serum, the lung tissues, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were harvested for analysis, respectively. Results: Administration of fluorescence microscope confirmed the increased presence of UCMSCs in the injured lungs. The evaluationof UCMSCs and UCMSCs-Ang1 actions revealed that Ang1 overexpression further decreased the levels of the pro-inflammatorycytokines TNF-α, TGF-β1, and IL-6 and increased the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in the injured lungs. This synergy caused a substantial decrease in lung airspace inflammation and vascular leakage, characterized by significantreductions in wet/dry ratio, differential neutrophil counts, myeloperoxidase activity, and BALF. The rats treated by UCMSCs-Ang1 showed improved survival and lower ALI scores. Conclusion: UCMSCs-Ang1 could improve both systemic inflammation and alveolar permeability in ALI. UC-derived MSCs-based Ang1 gene therapy may be developed as a potential novel strategy for the treatment of ALI.

Ni/Au-Gate In0.45Al0.55As/In0.53Ga0.47As/InAlGaAs/GaAs Metamorphic High-Electron-Mobility Transistors

Ching-Sung Lee,Dong-Hai Huang,Jun-Chin Huang,Ke-Hua Su,Wei-Chou Hsu,Yeong-Jia Chen 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.48 No.4

A -doped In0.45Al0.55As/In0.53Ga0.47As/InAlGaAs/GaAs metamorphic high electron mobility transistor (MHEMT) using a Ni/Au-gate electrode has been successfully fabricated and demonstrated. Compared to conventional Au-gate devices with identical structures, the proposed device improves the kink-effect-related output conductance, the gate-voltage swing, the current drive capability, the breakdown characteristics, and the device power performance. Experimentally, a high extrinsic transconductance of 309 mS/mm, a high drain-source saturation current density of 573 mA/mm, an improved gate-voltage swing of 1.05 V with a corresponding saturation current density of 314 mA/mm, a high saturated output power of 11.3 dBm, and a high power gain of 23.8 dB with a power-added efficiency of 39.2 % are obtained for a 0.65 × 200 μm2 gate at 300 K. In addition, the measured fT and fmax are 49.1 and 61.7 GHz, respectively.

Substituent Effects on the Gas-Phase Pyrolyses of 2-Substituted Ethyl N,N-Dialkylcarbamates: A Theoretical Study

Kim, Chang-Kon,Kim, Dong-Jin,Zhang, Hui,Hsieh, Yih-huang,Lee, Bon-Su,Lee, Hai-Whang,Kim, Chan-Kyung Korean Chemical Society 2007 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.28 No.6

The R- and Z-substituent effects for the gas-phase thermal decompositions of carbamates, R2NC(=O)- OCH2CH2Z, have been investigated theoretically at B3LYP level with 6-31G(d) and 6-31++G(d,p) basis sets. Both the Z- and R-substituent effects on reactivity (ΔH≠) were well consistent with experimental results, although the R-substituent effect was underestimated theoretically. No correlations were found between activation enthalpies and reaction enthalpies. The substituent effects on reactivity seemed to be complicated at a glance, but were understandable by concurrent electronic and steric factors. Variations of bond lengths at TS structures were well correlated with the Taft's σ* values and the TS structures became tighter as the Zsubstituent became a stronger electron-acceptor (δσ* > 0). However the effects of R-substituents on the TS structures were much smaller when compared to those of Z-substituents.

Solvothermal-Assisted Synthesis of Biomass Carbon Quantum Dots/Bismuth Oxyiodide Microflower for Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity

Xin Yao,CHANGCHANG MA,Hai Huang,Zhi Zhu,Hongjun Dong,Chunxiang Li,Wenli Zhang,Yongsheng Yan,Yang Liu 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2018 NANO Vol.13 No.3

In this paper, the biomass carbon quantum dots (CQDs) modified flower-like BiOI (CQDs/BiOI) composite photocatalyst was synthesized by a facile solvothermal method. Compared with the pristine BiOI, the biomass CQDs/BiOI exhibited outstanding photocatalytic activity for degradation of the typical methylene blue (MB) under visible light irradiation since the biomass CQDs could act as electron acceptors to effectively facilitate the separation efficiency of photon-generated carriers and prolong their lifetime. Furthermore, the mechanism detection experiment showed that the ·O2 - and H+ were major activity species, and the photocatalytic electron transfer mechanism was further investigated. This work provided a new insight into biomass CQDs effects and took an important step toward the development of improving Bi-based semiconductor photocatalyst activity.

An Optimization of CORDIC Algorithm and FPGA Implementation

Rui Xu,Zhanpeng Jiang,Hai Huang,Changchun Dong 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.8 No.6

ASIC and FPGA ASIC and FPGA are considered to be the ideal platform for special fast calculations because of the hardware structure, and how to achieve computational algorithm by is the hotpot of research. The CORDIC (Coordinate Rotational Digital Computer) can break the basis functions down to operations of shift and addition or subtraction, which can be used to lay the foundation for the realization of complex logic. But the functions selected by traditional CODIC for angle encoding are too complex, which will lead to some problems, such as too much of area consumption and large delay. In this paper, an optimization of CORDIC algorithm are proposed, which reduce the consumption of Adders and comparators, decrease the complexity and delay of the algorithm implement in hardware. The proposed algorithms are modeled in Verilog Hardware Description Language and implemented with FPGA. The simulation results show that the functions of sine and cosine are realized successfully, and the proposed algorithm not only improves the computation speed but also reduces the system hardware resources.

Clinical features of recurrence after hepatic resection for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma and long-term survival outcomes of patients with recurrence: A multi-institutional analysis

Lan-Qing YAO,Hai-Bo QIU,Jia-Le PU,Yong-Kang DIAO,Chao LI,Timothy M. PAWLIK,Wan Yee LAU,Dong-Sheng HUANG,Feng SHEN,Tian YANG 한국간담췌외과학회 2022 Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery Vol.26 No.-

Design of a ROM-Less Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizer on FPGA

Zhanpeng Jiang,Rui Xu,Hai Huang,Changchun Dong 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.8 No.5

DDFS (Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizer) is a new technique of frequency synthesizes which introduces the advanced digital processing theory into frequency synthesis. A direct digital frequency synthesizer is composed of a phase accumulator, an adder, an ROM for wave pattern saving, a D/A converter and a LPF (low pass filter). With the rapid development of VLSI, the speed of algorithm is required increasingly higher. This paper proposes a new frequency synthesizer by improving the structure of data storage which ensures the accuracy and speed. Rotation method was used to resolve the expected angle into many small rotation angles and sting wave symmetry principle was used to resolve the string wave. From point to area, the values in one quadrant were calculated and sampled and then the data was saved in ROM. Under the control of frequency, the data in ROM was read and then transferred to the D/A converter chip and the following low pass filter to achieve frequency synthesize. This algorithm could reduce the usage of ROM to increase the calculation efficiency.

Preparation of silver Nano-Crystal patterns in oxide glasses under electric field accompanied by heat treatment

Jian Lin,Wen-Hai Huang,Shu-Hua Lei,Chang-Cheng Liu,Qi Bian,Li-Na Ma,Dong-Wei Li 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2008 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.9 No.4

Nano-crystals embedded in glass always have interesting quantum effects, while nano-crystal patterns may have wide potential applications in preparing PIC, OEIC and other types of electronic and optoelectronic devices. A direct current electric field, accompanied by heat treatment, was applied on tellurite or silicate glass sheets. The silver ions in a diffused film were introduced into the glass matrix under a high-voltage electric field, instead of supplied during glass melting. The direct diffusion of metal ions, the nucleation and crystallization of nano-crystals in the glass were well controlled by the electric field accompanied by heat treatment. It was found that silver nano-crystal patterns can be transfer printed into tellurite and silicate glass sheets with both patterned diffusion and patterned crystallization. Nano-crystals embedded in glass always have interesting quantum effects, while nano-crystal patterns may have wide potential applications in preparing PIC, OEIC and other types of electronic and optoelectronic devices. A direct current electric field, accompanied by heat treatment, was applied on tellurite or silicate glass sheets. The silver ions in a diffused film were introduced into the glass matrix under a high-voltage electric field, instead of supplied during glass melting. The direct diffusion of metal ions, the nucleation and crystallization of nano-crystals in the glass were well controlled by the electric field accompanied by heat treatment. It was found that silver nano-crystal patterns can be transfer printed into tellurite and silicate glass sheets with both patterned diffusion and patterned crystallization.