과학기술 정보(情報)의 유용성(有用性)과 가치

King, Donald W.,Griffiths, Jose-Marie 한국과학기술정보연구원 과학기술정보센터 1994 Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice Vol.25 No.3

Measuring (and Increasing) the Value of Academic Libraries

Carol Tenopir,Donald W. King 한국문헌정보학회 2010 한국문헌정보학회지 Vol.44 No.4

The value of the university library to faculty, students, and administrators has long been assumed. In an era of decreasing resources and increasing choices, academic librarians must now find the best ways to measure and demonstrate the value of the library to all of their stakeholders, including faculty members, graduate students, undergraduate students, administrators, and funders. Techniques to assess and measure value can also help library decision makers select the products and services that provide the highest return on investment (ROI) to the university community. It is important to measure and convey the value of the academic library; it is also possible to increase the value of the library to the university by carefully refocusing the academic library’s products and services. In this presentation I will discuss methods and results from a recently completed study in eight countries that measured the value and ROI of e-journals to the grants process. The Return on Investment (ROI) of the e-journals collection to grant funding ranged from over 15:1 to just under 1:1 in 9 institutions. In addition, many other qualitative and quantitative measures of value are as important as derived measures like ROI. Building on that research study, I am now leading a team that includes the Association of Research Libraries (ARL) and several university libraries in a project funded by the U.S. Institute of Museum and Library Services. We are collecting data using on the value of a wide range of library services using several methods for measuring the value of what the university library contributes to the institution and its stakeholders.

통합과학교육을 위한 교육과정 설계의 이론과 실제

손연아,최돈형,Pottenger, Francis M.,King, Arthur,Young, Donald B. 한국과학교육학회 2001 한국과학교육학회지 Vol.21 No.1

현재 세계 여러 나라는 학교교육을 통해서 어떻게 하면 학생들에게 광대한 양의 지식정보에서 자신이 필요한 지식을 선별하여 활용하는 방법과 과정, 그 지식이 사회에 미치는 영향에 대해 도덕적 ·윤리적으로 가치를 평가할 수 있는 방법과 과정, 이러한 가치평가 결과에 인간답게 대처할 수 있는 방법과 과정 등을 가르칠 수 있는가에 고심하고 있다. 이러한 세계적인 교육의 추세에 따라 과학교육도 미래를 장기적으로 대비하기 위한 개혁의 중심에 서 있다고 할 수 있다. 즉, 학교 과학교육을 통해서 학생들은 과학을 통합적이고 전체적인 지식체계 내에서 이해할 수 있어야 하며, 민주주의 사회 속에서 과학적 사업과 개인생활의 다른 측면들 간의 관계성을 충분히 이해하여 미래에 진정한 민주시민이 될 수 있는 바탕을 마련하여야 한다. 이와 같은 통합과학교육 목표를 성취하기 위해서는 학교 현장에서 실제로 적용할 수 있는 통합과학 교육과정이 개발되어야 함은 자명한 일이다. 그러나 교육과정 개발 이전에 반드시 먼저 숙고하여야 할 것은, 어떻게 여러 교육과정 이론들을 교육과정 실제와 연관지어 통합과학 교육과정을 개발할 수 있는지에 대해 규명해줄 수 있는 "통합과학 교육과정 설계이론"을 정립하는 일이다. 본 연구는 이러한 관점에서 이루어졌으며, 다음과 같은 연구 문제에 대한 이론과 실례를 제시하였다. ·통합과학 교육과정을 설계할 때 적용할 수 있는 "지식중심 기초이론" (knowledge-based theory)은 무엇인가? ·통합과학 교육과정을 설계할 떼 적용할 수 있는 "학교중심 기초이론" (schooling-based theory)은 무엇인가? ·지식중심 기초이론, 학교중심 기초이론, 그리고 통합과학 교육과정 설계이론 간의 관계성은 무엇인가? ·실제로 상기의 이론들을 적용하여 통합과학 교육과정을 설계할 때 활용할 수 있는 준거 틀은 무엇인가? ·실제로 통합과학 교육과정을 설계할 때 포함시켜야 할 필수적인 구성 요소들은 무엇인가? ·어떻게 상기의 구성요소들을 기초로 통합과학 교육과정 설계이론을 정립할 수 있는가? ·상기의 통합과학 교육과정 설계이론을 실제적으로 이해하는데 도움을 주기 위해, 설계이론 내의 구성요소들과 연관지어 예시 · 설명할 수 있는 통합과학교육 프로그램은 무엇인가? Our world is becoming one of globalized sharing of a vast knowledge reservoir, and much of this knowledge is the product of science and associated technology Worldwide. nations have responded with new formulations of goals and standards for education, hoping to meet the challenge of vast new knowledge and the need for a citizenry capable of assessing, creating moral and ethical evaluation of social implications, and responding humanely to those implications. Envisioned in these reforms is a program for scientific literacy that balances conceptual understanding, skills, and application and presents a view of a socially and conceptually integrated science composed of disciplines. Experience exists for the creation of disciplinary curriculum ; however, historically few science curricula have been successful in representing the desired ideas of integrated science. To achieve these national goals curriculum designers must believe in the importance of integration and must begin conceptualizing the part to be played by integrated science curriculum (ISC) in the total science program. Most difficult to solve will be the problem of how to develop and implement ISC. This will require a new curriculum design theory that will achieve goals; guide identification of the concepts, principles, and theories to be included in an integrated science framework; and direct development of a system of supportive pedagogy and instruction. In search of such theory key questions discussed here are ·What knowledge-based theory of design can support ISC? ·What schooling-based theory of design can support ISC? ·What are the relationships between knowledge-based and schooling-based theories and curriculum design theory in ISC? ·What kind of operational framework will support development of ISC theory? ·How can one select components of ISC design? ·How can one design an ISC theory based on the above components? ·What program can be used to illustrate an ISC that is in keeping with the above curriculum theory?

Phylogenomics and Molecular Evolution of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus

Sook Hee Yoon,Woncheoul Park,Donald P. King,김희발 한국분자세포생물학회 2011 Molecules and cells Vol.31 No.5

This report describes the use of Bayesian methods to analyze polyprotein coding region sequences (n = 217) obtained from GenBank to define the genome-wide phylogeny of foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV). The results strongly supported the monophyly of five FMDV serotypes,O, A, Asia 1, C, and SAT 3, while sequences for the two remaining FMDV serotypes, SAT 1 and SAT 2 did not separate into entirely distinct clades. The phylogenomic tree revealed three sister-group relationships, serotype O +Asia 1, A + C, and SAT 1 + 3 + 2, with a new branching pattern: {[(O, Asia 1), (A, C)], (SAT 1, 2, 3)}. Within each serotype, there was no apparent periodic, geographic, or host species influence on the evolution of global FMDVs. Analysis of the polyprotein coding region of these sequences provided evidence for the influence of purifying selection on the evolution of FMDV. Using a Bayesian coalescent approach, the evolutionary rate of FMDV isolates that circulated during the years 1932-2007 was estimated to be 1.46 × 10-3 substitutions/site/year, and the most recent common ancestor of the virus existed approximately 481 years ago. Bayesian skyline plot revealed a population expansion in the early 20th century that was followed by a rapid decline in population size from the late 20th century to the present day. These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms that impact on the evolution of this important livestock pathogen.

Update on the World Situation in Relation to FMD

Jef M. Hammond,Yanmin Li,Valerie Mioulet,Nigel Ferris,Donald King,Nick Knowles,Jemma Wadsworth,Bob Statham,Bryony Armson,Begona Valdazo-Gonzalez,Pip Hamblin,Ginette Wilsden,Geoff Hutchings,Miki Madi,G 대한수의학회 2012 대한수의학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2012 No.-

Clinical effectiveness of mindfulness-based music therapy on improving emotional regulation in blind older women: A randomized controlled trial

Sunny H.W. Chan,Meryl Y.C. Cheung,Armstrong T.S. Chiu,Mimi H.T. Leung,Michael C.C. Kuo,Donald Y.C. Yip,Carole C.Y. Hui,Sally W.I. Kam,King Yeung,Doreen S.P. Mui,Shu-Mei Wang,Calvin C.K. Yip 한국한의학연구원 2023 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.12 No.4

Background: This study aimed to investigate clinical effectiveness of a structured eight-week mindfulness-based music therapy (MBMT) program on improving mood regulation in older women with blindness. This investigation compared a MBMT group with a mindfulness intervention (MI) group and a control group. Methods: Ninety-two older females with blindness from a residential setting in Hong Kong were recruited and randomly allocated to a MBMT (n = 31), MI (n = 30), or control (n = 31) group. Psychological measurements regarding mood regulation and general mood states (namely, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale [DERS], Geriatric Depression Scale [GDS], and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21), were taken at pretest and posttest. Outcome assessors were blinded to group assignment. Results: Data was analyzed based on intention-to-treat basis. At posttest, DERS scores in the MBMT group (mean differences and 95% confidence interval: 12.1, 5.5 to 18.8) and the MI group (7.2, 0.5 to 13.8) were lower than that in the control group. GDS scores in the MBMT group (2.9, 1.7 to 4.0) and the MI group (1.7, 0.6 to 2.9) were lower than those in the control group. Compared with the MI group, the MBMT group improved emotional awareness sub-scores in DERS (2.1, 0.2 to 4.1) and appeared to lower depression in GDS scores (1.1, -0.0 to 2.3; p = 0.053). Conclusion: MBMT seems more beneficial than MI alone for improving emotional regulation in older women with blindness. The combination of mindfulness and music can generate a synergetic effect by enhancing both attention and appraisal components within the emotional-regulation process. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05583695.