백서의 치아이동 시 피질골 천공이 치주조직의 OPG, RANK, RANKL의 발현에 미치는 영향

박우경,김성식,박수병,손우성,김용덕,전은숙,박미화 대한치과교정학회 2008 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.38 No.3

치아이동 시 피질골 천공이 치조골 재형성에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해서 생후 15주된 자성백서를 사용하여 피질골 천공 후 치아이동을 실시한 실험군(Tooth movement with cortical punching: TMC group, n = 16)과 교정적 치아이동만 실시한 대조군(Tooth movement only group: TM group, n = 16)의 치아주위조직을 면역조직화학염색을 통하여 관찰하였다. 실험군과 대조군의 실험동물에 20 gm의 힘으로 상악 전치부 사이를 이개시키는 치아이동을 시행하였으며 실험군에서는 상악 전치부 구개부위에 피질골 천공을 실시하였다. 치아이동 후 1, 4, 7, 14일째에 실험군과 대조군의 실험동물을 희생시켰다. 면역조직화학염색법으로 OPG, RANK, RANKL의 발현을 비교한 결과, OPG의 발현은 양 군 모두에서 미처치 대조군에 비하여 감소되었으나, 실험군에서의 발현이 대조군보다 컸으며, RANK, RANKL은 피질골 천공을 시행한 경우에 더 강한 발현을 보이는 것이 관찰되었다. 따라서 피질골 천공이 치주조직의 OPG, RANK, RANKL의 발현에 영향을 미치며 치조골의 재형성을 향상시키는 것을 알 수 있었다. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether cortical punching could stimulate the expression of OPG, RANK, and RANKL during tooth movement by immunohistochemistry. Methods: 34 sprague-dawley rats (15 weeks old) were allocated into 3 groups: TMC group (experimental group; Tooth Movement with Corticotomy, n = 16), TM group (control group; Tooth Movement only group, n = 16), and non-treatment group (n = 2). 20 gm of orthodontic force was applied to rat incisors by inserting elastic bands. The duration of force application was 1, 4, 7 and 14 days. A microscrew (diameter 1.2 mm) was used for cortical punching of the palatal side of the upper incisors in the TMC group. Results: Distributions of OPG, RANK, and RANKL were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. OPG, RANK and RANKL were observed on experimental and control groups. On the compression side, the degree of the expression of OPG decreased in both groups. The expression of RANK was most prominent in the experimental group of day 4. The expression of RANKL was most intensive and extensive in the experimental group of day 7. However, the expression of OPG was decreased in the experimental and control groups compared to the non treatment group. The expression of OPG, RANK and RANKL after force application were decreased at day 14. Conclusions: These findings suggested that cortical punching might stimulate remodeling of alveolar bone during a 2 week period of tooth movement without any pathologic change.

백서의 치아이동 시 피질골 천공이 치주조직의 MMP-1,-8, -13 mRNA의 발현에 미치는 영향

곽춘,김성식,박수병,손우성,김용덕,전은숙,박미화 대한치과교정학회 2008 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.38 No.3

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether cortical punching stimulates the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1, -8, and -13 in orthodontic tooth movement in rats. Methods: A total of 32 male sprague-dawley rats at 15 weeks old were divided into two groups of 16 rats each, to form the tooth movement with cortical punching (TMC) group and tooth movement only (TM) group. A total of 20 gm of orthodontic force was applied to rat incisors to cause experimental tooth movement. Cortical punching was performed on the palatal side near the central incisor with a 1.0 mm width microscrew in the TMC group. The duration of tooth movement was 1, 4, 7, and 14 days. Results: Measurements of the mRNA expression were selected as the means to determine the identification of expression of MMP-1, -8, and -13. In the TMC group, the expression of collagen type I was greater than that of the TM group from day 4 to day 14. Expression of TIMP-1 in the TM group was greater than that of the TMC group in the pressure side of PDL and alveolar bone cell at day 4. In the TMC group, TIMP-1 was expressed at the osteoclast, but not at the tooth surface of the TM group at day 14. Maximum induction of the mRNA of MMP-1 was observed on day 4 in the TMC group, but it was observed on day 7 in the TM group. MMP-8 mRNA of the TMC group was twice greater than that of the TM group at 4 days. In the TMC group, maximum induction of MMP-13 mRNA was observed on day 1. Conclusions: These findings suggested that cortical punching can stimulate remodeling of PDL and alveolar bone connective tissues during experimental orthodontic tooth movement in rats. 본 연구는 피질골 천공을 동반한 교정적인 치아이동이 통상의 교정적인 치아이동과 조직 재형성의 정도에 차이가 존재하는지 알아보기 위하여 시행하였다. 실험동물은 15주령 군 300 - 350 g의 자성 백서(Sprague-Dawley Rat)를 사용하였으며 피질골 천공을 동반한 치아이동 실험군(TMC group, n = 16)과 단순 치아이동 대조군(TM group, n =16)으로 나누었다. 모든 실험동물에 20 gm 이하의 힘으로 전치부를 이개시키는 치아 이동을 시행하였으며, 실험군은 상악전치부의 직후방 구개측에서 치근을 손상시키지 않도록 직경 1.0 mm의 microscrew를 사용하여 피질골 천공을하였다. 모든 실험동물은 1, 4, 7, 14일에 희생시켜서 matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, -8, -13 효소의 RT-PCR과 I형 교원질(Collagen type I)과 Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1)의 면역조직화학염색(immunohistochemistry) 을 시행하였다. MMP-1은 실험군에서 4일째에 가장 활발한 발현을 보이다가 7일째와 14일째에 조금씩 감소하는 경향을 보인 반면에, 대조군에서는 실험 7일째에 가장 높은 발현을 보이다가 14일째 들어서 감소하는 양상을 보였다. MMP-8은 실험 1일째부터 실험군이 대조군에 비해서 더 많은 발현을 보였으며, 특히 4일째의 실험군에서는 대조군보다 두 배 이상 발현되었다. MMP-13은 실험 1일째의 실험군에서 가장 높은 발현도를 보였으며, 대조군에서는 오히려 미처치 대조군에 비해 더 낮게 발현되었다. I형 교원질의 면역조직화학염색 결과는 실험 4일째부터 압박측 에서는 실험군에서 대조군보다 더 많은 교원질의 소실을 보였고, 인장측에서는 대조군이 실험군보다 더 많은 교원질의 염색 소견을 보였다. TIMP-1은 실험 4일째에는 압박측에서 대조군이 실험군보다 치주인대와 치조골의 골세포에서 좀 더 균일한 염색 소견을 보였다. 이상의 실험 결과에서 피질골 천공은 백서의 실험적 치아이동에 있어 치주인대와 치조골 결합 조직의 재형성 속도를 증가시키는 것으로 판단된다.

INFLUENCE OF OCHRATOXIN A-INDUCED NEPHROTOXICITY ON THE PHARMACOKINETICS OF GENTAMICIN IN RATS

Son, Deok-Soo,Han, Sang-Seop Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 1991 Toxicological Research Vol.7 No.1

To evaluate the influence of ochratoxin A on the pharmarcokinetics of gentamicin, gentamicin concentrations in the serum, renal cortex and medulla together with parameters of the renal function and histological changes were compared between ochratoxin A-treated rats (0.1 mg of ochratoxin A/kg of body weight, ip, daily for 14 days) and normal rats. Gentamicin was given with a single intramuscular injection (10mg/kg of body weight). Ochratoxin A resulted in an increase of the half-life, the area under the concentration-time curve, the apparent volume of distribution and a decrease of the total body clearance of gentamicin, and accumulated significantly (p<0.01) more gentamicin in the kidneys.

정밀 공작기계의 회전 영역별 진동 및 불평형량 감소에 따른 가공 정밀도 영향에 관한 연구

손덕수(Deok-Soo Son),김상화(Sang-Hwa Kim),박일환(Il-Hwan Park) 한국기계가공학회 2013 한국기계가공학회지 Vol.12 No.2

Precision machine tools for high dignity cutting are needed for efforts to improve machining accuracy. However, there are many factors to improve machining accuracy. This study investigated how machining accuracy changes when variation and unbalance amount in rotational speed domain is decreased. Machining accuracy of initial machine tools depends on manufacturing and assembly of parts such as bearing. And then, vibration and noise vary with volume of unbalance amount when it is rotation, so it effects unbalance amount. Also vibration and noise increased by unbalance shorten spindle"s life and it especially makes worse boring accuracy. Therefore, this study studied the change of roundness and cylindricity of workpiece when it decreases variation and unbalance in rotational speed domain.

고정밀 공작기계의 열적효과 측정 및 불확도 추정에 관한 연구

손덕수(Deok-Soo Son),김상화(Sang-Hwa Kim),박일환(Il-Hwan Park) 한국기계가공학회 2013 한국기계가공학회지 Vol.12 No.2

When the main spindle of high precision machine tools are run many hours, heat is generated in bearing parts of the inside of the spindle. Also, headstock is appeared distortion by inside and outside temperature difference of a machine. This paper studies method to measure behavior of machine tool about these thermal effects. In addition, it estimates measurement uncertainty factors which can be appeared in thermal effects measurement. Finding the factor of thermal affect measurement is important for estimation of measurement uncertainty. This paper measures thermal effects of high precision machine tools and evaluates the important factors of uncertainty.

서양에서의 성차별인식

孫德守 대구효성가톨릭대학교 사회과학연구소 1990 女性問題硏究 Vol.18 No.-

Quantitative study of acupuncture manipulation of lifting-thrusting using an needle insertion-measurement system in phantom tissue

Soo-Yoon Lee,Young-Nam Son,In-hwa Choi,Kyung-Min Shin,Kap-Sung Kim,Seung-Deok Lee 대한한의학회 2014 대한한의학회지 Vol.35 No.4

여성의 가사노동과 사회적 지위 : 부불 가사노동이 사회복지의 기반을 이룬다

손덕수 대구효성가톨릭대학교 사회과학연구소 1989 女性問題硏究 Vol.17 No.-

Quantitative study of acupuncture manipulation of lifting-thrusting using an needle insertion-measurement system in phantom tissue

Lee, Soo-Yoon,Son, Young-Nam,Choi, In-Hwa,Shin, Kyung-Min,Kim, Kap-Sung,Lee, Seung-Deok The Society of Korean Medicine 2014 대한한의학회지 Vol.35 No.4

Objectives: Quantification, objectification, and standardization of lifting-thrusting manipulation are important issues in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The purpose of this study was to quantitatively investigate the difference in the amount of stimulation according to range and frequency among parameters of lifting-thrusting manipulation with the use of a needle insertion-measurement system. Methods: For quantification of lifting-thrusting manipulation, an acupuncture needle insertion-measurement system was used in phantom tissue. The motor and force sensors of the needle insertion device were connected to the control software. This enabled operation of the lifting-thrusting manipulation and measurement of the acupuncture needle force. The measurement of the acupuncture needle force according to various frequencies (0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1 Hz) and ranges of movement (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 mm) was repeated 10 times. Results: At a constant frequency of movement, acupuncture needle force according to range of movement (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 mm) increased with increasing range of movement (p < 0.05). At a constant range of movement, acupuncture needle force according to frequency of movement (0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.0 Hz) increased with increasing frequency of movement (p < 0.05). Conclusion: In this study, we conducted a quantitative comparison of the amount of stimulation according to range and frequency, the main parameters of lifting-thrusting manipulation, by using an acupuncture needle insertion-measurement system. Future studies on various manipulations and parameters are warranted to quantify and objectify the amounts of stimulation by acupuncture manipulation.

Comparison of anticancer activities of Korean Red Ginseng-derived fractions

Kwang-Soo Baek,Young-Su Yi,Young-Jin Son,Deok Jeong,Nak Yoon Sung,Adithan Aravinthan,Jong-Hoon Kim,Jae Youl Cho 고려인삼학회 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.3

Background: Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) is an ethnopharmacological plant that is traditionally used to improve the body’s immune functions and ameliorate the symptoms of various diseases. However, the antitumorigenic effects of KRG and its underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms are not fully understood in terms of its individual components. In this study, in vitro and in vivo antitumorigenic activities of KRG were explored in water extract (WE), saponin fraction (SF), and nonsaponin fraction (NSF). Methods: In vitro antitumorigenic activities of WE, SF, and NSF of KRG were investigated in the C6 glioma cell line using cytotoxicity, migration, and proliferation assays. The underlying molecular mechanisms of KRG fractions were determined by examining the signaling cascades of apoptotic cell death by semiquantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. The in vivo antitumorigenic activities of WE, SF, and NSF were investigated in a xenograft mouse model. Results: SF induced apoptotic death of C6 glioma cells and suppressed migration and proliferation of C6 glioma cells, whereas WE and NSF neither induced apoptosis nor suppressed migration of C6 glioma cells. SF downregulated the expression of the anti-apoptotic gene B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and upregulated the expression of the pro-apoptotic gene Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX) in C6 glioma cells but had no effect on the expression of the p53 tumor-suppressor gene. Moreover, SF treatment resulted in activation of caspase-3 as evidenced by increased levels of cleaved caspase-3. Finally, WE, SF, and NSF exhibited in vivo antitumorigenic activities in the xenograft mouse model by suppressing the growth of grafted CT-26 carcinoma cells without decreasing the animal body weight. Conclusion: These results suggest that WE, SF, and NSF of KRG are able to suppress tumor growth via different molecular and cellular mechanisms, including induction of apoptosis and activation of immune cells.