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Lin, Yao-Cheng,Wang, Jing,Delhomme, Nicolas,Schiffthaler, Bastian,Sundströ,m, Gö,rel,Zuccolo, Andrea,Nystedt, Bjö,rn,Hvidsten, Torgeir R.,de la Torre, Amanda,Cossu, Rosa M.,Hoeppner, Marc National Academy of Sciences 2018 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.115 No.46
<▼1><P><B>Significance</B></P><P>We performed de novo, full-genome sequence analysis of two <I>Populus</I> species, North American quaking and Eurasian trembling aspen, that contain striking levels of genetic variation. Our results showed that positive and negative selection broadly affects patterns of genomic variation, but to varying degrees across coding and noncoding regions. The strength of selection and rates of sequence divergence were strongly related to differences in gene expression and coexpression network connectivity. These results highlight the importance of both positive and negative selection in shaping genome-wide levels of genetic variation in an obligately outcrossing, perennial plant. The resources we present establish aspens as a powerful study system enabling future studies for understanding the genomic determinants of adaptive evolution.</P></▼1><▼2><P>The <I>Populus</I> genus is one of the major plant model systems, but genomic resources have thus far primarily been available for poplar species, and primarily <I>Populus trichocarpa</I> (Torr. & Gray), which was the first tree with a whole-genome assembly. To further advance evolutionary and functional genomic analyses in <I>Populus</I>, we produced genome assemblies and population genetics resources of two aspen species, <I>Populus tremula</I> L. and <I>Populus tremuloides</I> Michx. The two aspen species have distributions spanning the Northern Hemisphere, where they are keystone species supporting a wide variety of dependent communities and produce a diverse array of secondary metabolites. Our analyses show that the two aspens share a similar genome structure and a highly conserved gene content with <I>P. trichocarpa</I> but display substantially higher levels of heterozygosity. Based on population resequencing data, we observed widespread positive and negative selection acting on both coding and noncoding regions. Furthermore, patterns of genetic diversity and molecular evolution in aspen are influenced by a number of features, such as expression level, coexpression network connectivity, and regulatory variation. To maximize the community utility of these resources, we have integrated all presented data within the PopGenIE web resource (PopGenIE.org).</P></▼2>
LA INTERCULTURALIDAD EN LA CLASE DE ESPAN~OL LENGUA EXTRANJERA
Torre, Jesu´s de la 한국동서정신과학회 2002 동서정신과학 Vol.5 No.2
Considering the importance of the connection between languages and culture this article examines the necessity for inclusion of an intercultural perspective in the learning process to achieve better results in the foreign language classroom. It becomes even more relevant if we take into account the cultural differences between Korea and the language of study. After recognizing and assessing the relevant factors that take part in learning we chose one of them (Confucianism) as one of the key elements that will help the native teacher to understand the cultural patterns of the students and their learning styles. We stress the importance for the educator to know idiosyncratic behaviours in order to avoid misunderstandings in communication and "cultural shock". This research is oriented for practical applications. For that, we analysed the different interpretations of "the silence in the classroom", in the culture of the Spanish language teacher as compared with the culture of Korean students; that is a conclusive example that the educator should approach the teaching practice bearing in mind the cultural specifics of the students; that means, from an intercultural perspective.
Sintering of Mechanically Alloyed YSZ Nanocrystalline Powders
De la Torre,M. A. Lopez,Dura O. J.,Hernandez M.,Garcia-Cordobes M.,Herranz G.,Sanchez-Bautista C.,Rodriguez G. P. 한국분말야금학회 2006 한국분말야금학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.1
We report on the mechanical and structural properties of nanocrystalline 8% and 10% mol yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) obtained using mechanical alloying (MA). The as-milled powders show a body-centered cubic structure with grain sizes in the nanometer scale. After uniaxial pressing and sintering the compacts exhibit good mechanical properties. We discuss the correlation of these enhanced properties with the microstructural changes induced by heat treatment.
Advancing the understanding of autism disease mechanisms through genetics
de la Torre-Ubieta, Luis,Won, Hyejung,Stein, Jason L,Geschwind, Daniel H Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2016 Nature medicine Vol.22 No.4
Progress in understanding the genetic etiology of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has fueled remarkable advances in our understanding of its potential neurobiological mechanisms. Yet, at the same time, these findings highlight extraordinary causal diversity and complexity at many levels ranging from molecules to circuits and emphasize the gaps in our current knowledge. Here we review current understanding of the genetic architecture of ASD and integrate genetic evidence, neuropathology and studies in model systems with how they inform mechanistic models of ASD pathophysiology. Despite the challenges, these advances provide a solid foundation for the development of rational, targeted molecular therapies.
Olivia Carey-De La Torre,Randy H. Ewoldt 한국유변학회 2018 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.30 No.1
We use first-harmonic MAOS nonlinearities from and to test a predictive structure-rheology model for a transient polymer network. Using experiments with PVA-Borax (polyvinyl alcohol cross-linked by sodium tetraborate (borax)) at 11 different compositions, the model is calibrated to first-harmonic MAOS data on a torque-controlled rheometer at a fixed frequency, and used to predict third-harmonic MAOS on a displacement controlled rheometer at a different frequency three times larger. The prediction matches experiments for decomposed MAOS measures [e3] and [v3] with median disagreement of 13% and 25%, respectively, across all 11 compositions tested. This supports the validity of this model, and demonstrates the value of using all four MAOS signatures to understand and test structure-rheology relations for complex fluids.
Experimental and numerical study on the detection of fatigue failure in hydraulic turbines
Xavier Sánchez-Botello,Adolfo de la Torre,Rafel Roig,Esteve Jou,Oscar de la Torre,Javier Ayneto,Xavier Escaler 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.10
Detecting fatigue cracks in hydraulic turbine runners is costly, as it requires stopping the unit, emptying it of water and accessing the runner for inspection. Thus, an alternative way based on monitoring the changes of the structural modal response induced by the formation and growth of a crack was investigated. To do so, the crack propagation induced by a resonance was numerically predicted and experimentally machined on a disk-like structure that resembles a Kaplan turbine runner. The analysis of the results shows how the different stages of the fatigue crack growth can be monitored based on the change of the natural frequencies and mode shapes of several specific modes. Based on the obtained results, a structural health monitoring system is being designed to monitor the turbine runner modes of vibration without the need to stop and inspect the unit.