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David Momtaz,Farhan Ahmad,Aaron Singh,Emilie Song,Dean Slocum,Abdullah Ghali,Adham Abdelfattah 대한견주관절학회 2023 대한견주관절의학회지 Vol.26 No.4
Background: Total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) is uncommon, but growing in incidence. Traditionally an inpatient operation, a growing number are performed outpatient, consistent with general trends in orthopedic surgery. The aim of this study was to compare TEA outcomes between inpatient and outpatient surgical settings. Secondarily, we sought to identify patient characteristics that predict the operative setting. Methods: Patient data were collected from the American College of Surgeons National Quality Improvement Program. Preoperative variables, including patient demographics and comorbidities, were recorded, and baseline differences were assessed via multivariate regression to predict operative setting. Multivariate regression was also used to compare postoperative complications within 30 days. Results: A total of 468 patients, 303 inpatient and 165 outpatient procedures, were identified for inclusion. Hypoalbuminemia (odds ratio [OR], 2.5; P=0.029), history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder or pneumonia (OR, 2.4; P=0.029), and diabetes mellitus (OR, 2.5; P=0.001) were significantly associated with inpatient TEA, as were greater odds of any complication (OR, 4.1; P<0.001) or adverse discharge (OR, 4.5; P<0.001) and decreased odds of reoperation (OR, 0.4; P=0.037). Conclusions: Patients undergoing inpatient TEA are generally more comorbid, and inpatient surgery is associated with greater odds of complications and adverse discharge. However, we found higher rates of reoperation in outpatient TEA. Our findings suggest outpatient TEA is safe, although patients with a higher comorbidity burden may require inpatient surgery. Level of evidence: III.
Song Junho,Katz Austen David,Perfetti Dean,Job Alan,Morris Matthew,Virk Sohrab,Silber Jeff,Essig David 대한척추외과학회 2023 Asian Spine Journal Vol.17 No.1
Study Design: A retrospective cohort study. Purpose: To compare 30-day readmission, reoperation, and morbidity for patients undergoing posterior cervical decompression and fusion (PCDF) in inpatient vs. outpatient settings. Overview of Literature: PCDF has recently been increasingly performed in outpatient settings, often utilizing minimally invasive techniques. However, literature evaluating short-term outcomes for PCDF is scarce. Moreover, no currently large-scale database studies have compared short-term outcomes between PCDF performed in the inpatient and outpatient settings. Methods: Patients who underwent PCDF from 2005 to 2018 were identified using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Regression analysis was utilized to compare primary outcomes between surgical settings and evaluate for predictors thereof. Results: We identified 8,912 patients. Unadjusted analysis revealed that outpatients had lower readmission (4.7% vs. 8.8%, p=0.020), reoperation (1.7% vs. 3.8%, p=0.038), and morbidity (4.5% vs. 11.2%, p<0.001) rates. After adjusting for baseline differences, readmission, reoperation, and morbidity no longer statistically differed between surgical settings. Outpatients had lower operative time (126 minutes vs. 179 minutes) and levels fused (1.8 vs. 2.2) (p<0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that age (p=0.008; odds ratio [OR], 1.012), weight loss (p=0.045; OR, 2.444), and increased creatinine (p<0.001; OR, 2.233) independently predicted readmission. The American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification of ≥3 predicted reoperation (p=0.028; OR, 1.406). Rehabilitation discharge (p<0.001; OR, 1.412), ASA-class of ≥3 (p=0.008; OR, 1.296), decreased hematocrit (p<0.001; OR, 1.700), and operative time (p<0.001; OR, 1.005) predicted morbidity. Conclusions: The 30-day outcomes were statistically similar between surgical settings, indicating that PCDF can be safely performed as an outpatient procedure. Surrogates for poor health predicted negative outcomes. These results are particularly important as we continue to shift spinal surgery to outpatient centers. This importance has been highlighted by the need to unburden inpatient sites, particularly during public health emergencies, such as the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
Georgina Oliver,Olivia Dean,David Camfield,Scott Blair-West,Chee Ng,Michael Berk,Jerome Sarris 대한정신약물학회 2015 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.13 No.1
Objective: Obsessive compulsive and related disorders are a collection of debilitating psychiatric disorders in which the role of glutamate dysfunction in the underpinning neurobiology is becoming well established. N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) is a glutamate modulator with promising therapeutic effect. This paper presents a systematic review of clinical trials and case reports exploring the use of NAC for these disorders. A further objective was to detail the methodology of current clinical trials being conducted in the area. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library Database were searched for human clinical trials or case reports investigating NAC in the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) or obsessive compulsive related disorders. Researchers with known involvement in NAC studies were contacted for any unpublished data. Results: Four clinical trials and five case reports/series were identified. Study durations were commonly 12-weeks, using 2,400-3,000 mg/day of NAC. Overall, NAC demonstrates activity in reducing the severity of symptoms, with a good tolerability profile and minimal adverse effects. Currently there are three ongoing randomized controlled trials using NAC for OCD (two adults and one pediatric), and one for excoriation. Conclusion: Encouraging results have been demonstrated from the few pilot studies that have been conducted. These results are detailed, in addition to a discussion of future potential research.
V Vien Lee,Ni Yin Lau,David J Y Xi,Anh T L Truong,Agata Blasiak,Kewin T H Siah,Dean Ho 대한소화기 기능성질환·운동학회 2022 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.28 No.3
Background/AimsConstipation can be a chronic condition that impacts daily functioning and quality of life (QoL). To aid healthcare providers in accurately assessing patient symptoms and treatment outcomes, patient-related outcome measures (PROMs) have been increasingly adopted in clinical settings. This review aims to (1) evaluate the methodological quality and measurement properties of constipation-related PROMs, using the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INtruments (COSMIN) criteria; and (2) assess the modes of digital dissemination of constipation-related PROMs. MethodsPubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO databases were searched and 11 011 records ranging from 1989 to 2020 were screened by 2 independent reviewers. A total of 26 studies (23 PROMs; 18 measuring symptom-related items and 5 measuring constipation-related QoL items) were identified for the review and assessed. ResultsThere were multiple variations between PROMs, including subtypes of constipation, methods of administration, length of PROM and recall period. While no PROM met all the COSMIN quality standards for development and measurement properties, 5 constipation-related PROMs received at least 4 (out of 7) sufficient ratings. Only 2 PROMs were developed in Asia. Five PROMs were administered through digital methods during the validation process but methods of adapting the PROMs into digital formats were not reported. ConclusionsThe constipation-related PROMs identified in this review present varying quality of development and validation, with an overall need for improvement. Further considerations should be given towards more consistent methodology and reporting of PROM development, increase in culturally-specific PROMs, and better reporting of protocol for the digitisation of PROMs.
Manganese sulfide formation via concomitant microbial manganese oxide and thiosulfate reduction
Lee, Ji‐,Hoon,Kennedy, David W.,Dohnalkova, Alice,Moore, Dean A.,Nachimuthu, Ponnusamy,Reed, Samantha B.,Fredrickson, James K. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Environmental microbiology Vol.13 No.12
<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>The dissimilatory metal‐reducing bacterium, <I>Shewanella oneidensis</I> MR‐1 produced γ‐MnS (rambergite) nanoparticles during the concurrent reduction of MnO<SUB>2</SUB> and thiosulfate coupled to H<SUB>2</SUB> oxidation. To investigate effect of direct microbial reduction of MnO<SUB>2</SUB> on MnS formation, two MR‐1 mutants defective in outer membrane <I>c</I>‐type cytochromes (Δ<I>mtrC</I>/Δ<I>omcA</I> and Δ<I>mtrC</I>/Δ<I>omcA</I>/Δ<I>mtrF</I>) were also used and it was determined that direct reduction of MnO<SUB>2</SUB> was dominant relative to chemical reduction by biogenic sulfide generated from thiosulfate reduction. Although bicarbonate was excluded from the medium, incubations of strain MR‐1 with lactate as the electron donor produced MnCO<SUB>3</SUB> (rhodochrosite) as well as MnS in nearly equivalent amounts as estimated by micro X‐ray diffraction (micro‐XRD) analysis. It was concluded that carbonate released from lactate metabolism promoted MnCO<SUB>3</SUB> formation and that Mn(II) mineralogy was strongly affected by carbonate ions even in the presence of abundant sulfide and weakly alkaline conditions expected to favour the precipitation of MnS. Formation of MnS, as determined by a combination of micro‐XRD, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, and selected area electron diffraction analyses was consistent with equilibrium speciation modelling predictions. Biogenic manganese sulfide may be a manganese sink in the Mn biogeochemical cycle in select environments such as deep anoxic marine basins within the Baltic Sea.</P>
Choi, Jung-Eun,Cho, Chong-Kwan,Lee, Yeon-Weol,Yoo, Hwa-Seung,Lu, Weidong,Dean-Clower, Elizabeth,Doherty-Gilman, Anne,Rosenthal, David S. 대한암한의학회 2010 大韓癌韓醫學會誌 Vol.15 No.1
암 환자에의 침술 임상 연구는 종양학에서 새롭고 도전적인 분야이다. 임상 연구 결과는 환자와 종양학자들을 위한 임상적으로 타당한 답변을 우리에게 지속적으로 제공할 것이다. 침은 환자들에게 그들의 치료 계획에 활동적으로 참가할 수 있는 능력을 주면서 암과 암 치료관련 증상을 다루는데 안전하고 유효한 치료법이라는 일반적으로 이용될 수 있는 증거가 제시되었다. 미래의 연구는 임상 연구가, 임상의사, 그리고 환자의 연루를 요구한다. 혁신적 연구 방법의 발전 역시 중요하다. 더 많은 증거가 지속적으로 나오면서 종양 침술이 결국에는 종양학적 치료행위의 표준에 통합될 것이 기대된다. DFCI와 기타 주요 암 센터와 같은 주요 대학병원과 연구기관 에서의 침술의 성공적인 통합은 암 치료에 있어 침의 가치와 소용을 강조한다. Clinical research on acupuncture in cancer care is a new and challenging field in oncology. The results of clinical research will continue to provide clinically relevant answers for patients and oncologists. The evidence currently available has suggested that acupuncture is a safe and effective therapy to manage cancer and treatment related symptoms, while giving patients the ability to actively participate in their own care plan. The article explains the potential benefits of acupuncture and describes the difficulties in studying its effectiveness.
Dynamic band-structure tuning of graphene moiré superlattices with pressure
Yankowitz, Matthew,Jung, Jeil,Laksono, Evan,Leconte, Nicolas,Chittari, Bheema L.,Watanabe, K.,Taniguchi, T.,Adam, Shaffique,Graf, David,Dean, Cory R. Nature Publishing Group UK 2018 Nature Vol.557 No.7705
<P>Heterostructures can be assembled from atomically thin materials by combining a wide range of available van der Waals crystals, providing exciting possibilities for designer electronics'. In many cases, beyond simply realizing new material combinations, interlayer interactions lead to emergent electronic properties that are fundamentally distinct from those of the constituent layers'. A critical parameter in these structures is the interlayer coupling strength, but this is often not easy to determine and is typically considered to be a fixed property of the system. Here we demonstrate that we can controllably tune the interlayer separation in van der Waals heterostructures using hydrostatic pressure, providing a dynamic way to modify their electronic properties. In devices in which graphene is encapsulated in boron nitride and aligned with one of the encapsulating layers, we observe that increasing pressure produces a superlinear increase in the moire-superlattice-induced bandgap nearly doubling within the studied range together with an increase in the capacitive gate coupling to the active channel by as much as 25 per cent. Comparison to theoretical modelling highlights the role of atomic-scale structural deformations and how this can be altered with pressure. Our results demonstrate that combining hydrostatic pressure with controlled rotational order provides opportunities for dynamic band-structure engineering in van der Waals heterostructures.</P>
High-quality SNP calling from olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, in Jeju Island, South Korea
Sukkyoung Lee,Taehyug Jeong,W.K.M. Omeka,D.S. Liyanage,Chaehyeon Lim,Kishanthini Nadarajapillai,H.M.V. Udayantha,W.M. Gayashani Sandamalika,Seong-Rip Oh,David B. Jones,Dean R. Jerry,Jehee Lee 한국수산과학회 양식분과 2021 한국수산과학회 양식분과 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.4