Giant viruses with an expanded complement of translation system components

Schulz, Frederik,Yutin, Natalya,Ivanova, Natalia N.,Ortega, Davi R.,Lee, Tae Kwon,Vierheilig, Julia,Daims, Holger,Horn, Matthias,Wagner, Michael,Jensen, Grant J.,Kyrpides, Nikos C.,Koonin, Eugene V.,W American Association for the Advancement of Scienc 2017 Science Vol.356 No.6333

<P>The discovery of giant viruses blurred the sharp division between viruses and cellular life. Giant virus genomes encode proteins considered as signatures of cellular organisms, particularly translation system components, prompting hypotheses that these viruses derived from a fourth domain of cellular life. Here we report the discovery of a group of giant viruses (Klosneuviruses) in metagenomic data. Compared with other giant viruses, the Klosneuviruses encode an expanded translation machinery, including aminoacyl transfer RNA synthetases with specificities for all 20 amino acids. Notwithstanding the prevalence of translation system components, comprehensive phylogenomic analysis of these genes indicates that Klosneuviruses did not evolve from a cellular ancestor but rather are derived from a much smaller virus through extensive gain of host genes.</P>

SONIVIVI

DAIM YOON 한국디자인학회 2014 한국디자인학회 국제초대전도록 Vol.2014 No.5

Molecular Identification of Lipase LipA from Pseudomonas protegens Pf-5 and Characterization of Two Whole-Cell Biocatalysts Pf-5 and Top10lipA

( Daiming Zha ),( Li Xu ),( Hou Jin Zhang ),( Yun Jun Yan ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2014 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.24 No.5

To identify lipase LipA (PFL_0617) from Pseudomonas protegens Pf-5, a lipA deletion mutant (Pf0617) and a complementary strain (Pf0617lipA) were constructed, and their effects on the lipase production were examined. Pf0617 remarkably decreased its whole-cell lipase activity, whereas Pf0617lipA made its whole-cell lipase activity not only restore to wild-type level but also get a further increment. However, the deletion and overexpression of lipA did not affect the extracellular lipase activity. In addition, the unbroken whole cells of these strains were able to catalyze the hydrolysis of membrane-permeable p-nitrophenyl esters, but could not hydrolyze the membrane-impermeable olive oil. These results confirmed that LipA was an intracellular lipase and Pf-5 could also be used as a natural whole-cell biocatalyst. To evaluate the potential of Pf-5 as a whole-cell biocatalyst and separately characterize the whole-cell LipA, the properties of the whole-cell lipases from Pf-5 and Top10lipA were characterized. The results demonstrated that both Pf-5 and Top10lipA exhibited high tolerance to alkaline condition, high temperature, heavy metal ions, surfactants, and organic solvents. Taken together, lipA can realize functional expression in E. coli Top10, and Pf-5 and Top10lipA as whole-cell biocatalysts may have enormous potential in applications.

ZIF-67 Nanostructures Anchored on 3D Graphene Sheets: A Non-noble Electrocatalyst for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Daim Choe(최다임),Komal Patil,DongHan Seo(서동한),Jongsung Park(박종성) 한국태양에너지학회 2024 한국태양에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2024 No.4

Poly(propylene glycol) stabilized gold nanoparticles: An efficient colorimetric assay for ceftriaxone

Daim Asif Raja,Syed Ghulam Musharraf,Muhammad Raza Shah,Abdul Jabbar,Muhammad Iqbal Bhanger,Muhammad Imran Malik 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.87 No.-

Polymer capped metal nanoparticles have been used for numerous biomedical and analyticalapplications. In present study, highly stable gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) capped with polypropyleneglycol (PPG) were synthesized using chemical reduction method. The characterization of PPG-AuNPs wasaccomplished by atomic force microscopy (AFM), zetasizer, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and UV–vis spectroscopy. Furthermore, PPG-AuNPs were utilized as colorimetric probe for thirdgeneration cephalosporin antibiotic, ceftriaxone (CEF). PPG-AuNPs permitted efficient, selective,quantitative and rapid recognition in concentration range of 0.1–100 mM in presence of numerousother drugs and salts. PPG-AuNPs have great potential for quantitative recognition of ceftriaxone inbiological and environmental samples. Moreover, the developed sensor has capacity to be applied asquality control of pharmaceutical formulations containing ceftriaxone. The PPG-AuNPs based sensorpermits quantitative and fast recognition of ceftriaxone away from a sophisticated laboratory setup.

Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test For Cyclostationary Multi-Antenna Spectrum Sensing

( Guohui Zhong ),( Jiaming Guo ),( Daiming Qu ),( Tao Jiang ),( Jingchao Sun ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2014 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.8 No.8

In this paper, a generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) is proposed for cyclostationary multi-antenna spectrum sensing in cognitive radio systems, which takes into account the cyclic autocorrelations obtained from all the receiver antennas and the cyclic cross-correlations obtained from all pairs of receiver antennas. The proposed GLRT employs a different hypotheses problem formulation and a different asymptotic covariance estimation method, which are proved to be more suitable for multi-antenna systems than those employed by the Dandawate-Giannakis algorithm. Moreover, we derive the asymptotic distributions of the proposed test statistics, and prove the constant false alarm rate property of the proposed algorithm. Extensive simulations are conducted, showing that the proposed GLRT can achieve better detection performance than the Dandawate-Giannakis algorithm and its extension for multi-antenna cases.

Triptolide downregulates Rac1 and the JAK/STAT3 pathway and inhibits colitis-related colon cancer progression

Zhipeng Wang,Haifeng Jin,Ruodan Xu,Qibing Mei,Daiming Fan 생화학분자생물학회 2009 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.41 No.10

Triptolide, a diterpenoid triepoxide from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f., is a potential treatment for autoimmune diseases as well a possible anti-tumor agent. It inhibits proliferation of coloretal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. In this study, its ability to block progress of colitis to colon cancer, and its molecular mechanism of action are investigated. A mouse model for colitis-induced colorectal cancer was used to test the effect of triptolide on cancer progression. Treatment of mice with triptolide decreased the incidence of colon cancer formation, and increased survival rate. Moreover, triptolide decreased the incidence of tumors in nude mice inoculated with cultured colon cancer cells dose-dependently. In vitro, triptolide inhibited the proliferation, migration and colony formation of colon cancer cells. Secretion of IL6 and levels of JAK1, IL6R and phosphorylated STAT3 were all reduced by triptolide treatment. Triptolide prohibited Rac1 activity and blocked cyclin D1 and CDK4 expression, leading to G1 arrest. Triptolide interrupted the IL6R-JAK/STAT pathway that is crucial for cell proliferation, survival, and inflammation. This suggests that triptolide might be a candidate for prevention of colitis induced colon cancer because it reduces inflammation and prevents tumor formation and development. Triptolide, a diterpenoid triepoxide from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f., is a potential treatment for autoimmune diseases as well a possible anti-tumor agent. It inhibits proliferation of coloretal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. In this study, its ability to block progress of colitis to colon cancer, and its molecular mechanism of action are investigated. A mouse model for colitis-induced colorectal cancer was used to test the effect of triptolide on cancer progression. Treatment of mice with triptolide decreased the incidence of colon cancer formation, and increased survival rate. Moreover, triptolide decreased the incidence of tumors in nude mice inoculated with cultured colon cancer cells dose-dependently. In vitro, triptolide inhibited the proliferation, migration and colony formation of colon cancer cells. Secretion of IL6 and levels of JAK1, IL6R and phosphorylated STAT3 were all reduced by triptolide treatment. Triptolide prohibited Rac1 activity and blocked cyclin D1 and CDK4 expression, leading to G1 arrest. Triptolide interrupted the IL6R-JAK/STAT pathway that is crucial for cell proliferation, survival, and inflammation. This suggests that triptolide might be a candidate for prevention of colitis induced colon cancer because it reduces inflammation and prevents tumor formation and development.

Effects of probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic with and without feed restriction on performance, hematological indices and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens

Hassan M. Abdel-Hafeez,Elham S.E. Saleh,Samar S. Tawfeek,Ibrahim M.I. Youssef,Asmaa S.A. Abdel-Daim 아세아·태평양축산학회 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.5

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of probiotic, prebiotic and synbiotic with and without feed restriction on broilers performance, blood parameters, carcass characteristics, and feed cost of production from 1 to 56 days of age. Methods: Two hundred and forty unsexed one day-old chicks of Arbor Acres breed were used. Two trials, I and II, were conducted, with 120 birds in both. Each trial was divided into 4 equal groups. The birds in trial I were fed ad libitum throughout the experiment, while the chicks in trial II were fed ad libitum during the first week of age, then subjected to 5 hours/d of feed restriction from the beginning of the second week up to the end of the experiment. In both trials, the birds in group 1 were fed on a control diet while the other groups were given the same control diet supplemented either with a probiotic in group 2, prebiotic in group 3, or synbiotic in group 4. Results: It was found that chicks fed diets supplemented with probiotic, prebiotic and synbiotic (with and without feed restriction) exhibited higher body weight and feed efficiency than chicks fed the control diets. The feed additives in both trials did not affect hemoglobin, serum total protein, albumin, globulin, glucose, and total cholesterol, except the packed cell volume which was increased in the additive treatments with restriction at the end of the experiment. Moreover, the dietary treatments did not influence the carcass yield. However, the relative weights of liver, gizzard and proventriculus, small intestine and bursa of fabricius were found to be increased. The additives decreased the visible fat in the carcass, with more decreasing effect in the additive groups with restriction. The lowest feed cost per kg of weight gain was observed in the birds fed diets supplemented with synbiotic, probiotic and prebiotic. Feed restriction improved the feed conversion ratio, economic return, but decreased the feed intake, serum total cholesterol and visible fat in comparison with non-restricted groups. Conclusion: The biological feed additives could be routinely added to broiler diets, especially when a feed restriction program is followed. Finally, it can be recommended to restrict feed, and add probiotic or synbiotic to increase weight, improve feed conversion rate and reduce feed cost of production.