한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

국산 붉가시나무 탄화물 분석

이동영,고재형,신수정,김병로 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2012 農業科學硏究 Vol.28 No.1

본문참고

임상데이터웨어하우스 기반 공통데이터모델 구축 및 데이터 추가 경험

고수정,박상준,장동진 건강보험심사평가원 2021 HIRA RESEARCH Vol.1 No.2

脂體不自由兒의 特殊學校의 再活訓練 基本模型

鄭載權,金東淵,裵晟洙,姜渭榮,元英祚,安秉輯 大邱大學校 特殊敎育總合硏究所 1983 特殊敎育硏究 Vol.10 No.-

The increasing stress on the need for standardized rehabilitation programs for the crippled has faced the workers in the field with the problems of finding out an ideal model of rehabilitation programs which can most facilitate maximum development of the children in various educational aspects. As part of the basic research, the study has been conducted to analyze the data on the present status of the six schools for the crippled in the country, together with other related survey on the available literature. Most of the data on the present situation of the schools and the status of the workers were obtained through questionnaires. The findings derived from the analysis of those data are as follows: 1. The Present Status of the Rehabilitation Training The survey revealed only forty-nine percent(381) of the entire subjects of 784students had been put to the training, that classroom lesson comprised 50% and 43% of the curricula in primary and secondary courses respectively, and that in the rehabilitation programs, physical therapy accounted for 50%, occupational therapy 31% and speech therapy 19%. As for the qualification of rehabilitation workers, twenty of the twenty-five who are presently serving at the six schools are license holders, averaging three physical therapists, 0ne occupational therapist and 0.2 speech therapist at each school. Ninety-six percent are junior college graduates and fifty-six percent are aged 20∼25,forty percent 26∼30. Eighty percent fall into the monthly pay range of 140,000 to 210,000 won, leaving the others below or above the scale. The study also showed that the cause or motivation of their becoming the workers was out of a sense of duty; seventy-six percent replied that they volunteered to help the crippled. Principals, the workers and special teachers showed in that order their enthusiasm about their enthusiasm about the rehabilitation prgrams. It was also found in the study that the authorities concerned have held a special guidance session once a year, achieving their annual goal only 50% and that most of the schools (82%) organized their own rehabilitation programs. The tools and other materials used in the programs were mostly(67%) domestic products. Four schools (67%) prepared thir own evaluation devices for the achievements of the trainees. 2. Facilities and Equipment for Rehabitition Training In all, thirty-four kinds of equipment and tools are currently provided at the six schools to help the chidren maintain or develop their residual function in the deficient limb. Of them only eighteen kinds were owned by each school, aberaging more than one; they were mats, walkers, parallel bars, mirrors, puzzle patches, stairs, shoulder wheels, tilt tables, walking aids, safety aids safety walking belts restorators, over head pulleys, knee exercise units, rotary wrist macihnes, holdings and gloves. The rest of the tools or apparatus averaged less than one among the schools. Nine kinds of electro therapeutic apparatus were owned by them, but only electrostimulation test machined lamps aberaged more than one. As for the hydro therapeutic apparatus, eight kinds were provided among the schools. Each school had more than one set of these three devices: hydor collator, whirl pool and hydro collator pack, with hydro collator pack averaging 17.33. They maintained thirteen kinds of occupational therapy appraratus, of which only three were owned by every school. Most of the apparatus were meant to deal with metallic works. Eleven sorts of speech therapy devices were found; only breathing exercise apparatus averaged more than one. The rehabilitation facilities and equipment at the schools are far below sufficient both in number and kind to meet the need. 3. Teacher' Attitude and Morale Toward the Rehabilitation Programs The schools for the crippled generally try to put equal emphasis on every field needed to rehabiletate the children but it was found that they were, intentionally or unintentionally, putting varying degrees of stresses on indivdual parts. The findings allowed making a list arranged in order of their priority: physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, motor development training and play therapy. The teachers responded that facilities, equipments, materials, parental cooperation, administravtive support and the ability of the rehabilitation workers were not sufficient enough to meet expectations. When asked to list the priority of the urgent fields, approximately percent put physical therapy at the top, twenty-one percent human relationships. The study showed teachers thought that the sense of duty (35%), ability and qualifications(21%), training skill(15%), academic career(13%) should be considered as the objective determinants in selecting a teacher, and 34% opined that a worker should have “ardent desire and sense of service”. Others expressed their opinion that understanding children's psychology(20%), having good knowledge of basic theory of the rehabilitation(19%) should be prerequisite to the service. Seventy-five percent of the teachers responded that rehabilitation training should be greatly improved and that they positively cooperated with the workers in the programs. It was inferred that the school administrators were generally affirmative towards the programs. The work-load of the rehabilitation workers was regarded as almost the same as that of special teachers(37%). The public and the education authorities assessed the ability of the workers "fair"(52%). Seventy-six percent of those who replied opined the financial support”, was "not sufficient", and seventy-one percent insisted the Ministry of Education should ear-mark special fund for the rehabilitation programs. As part of promotion measures, the majority of the replied(52%) reommended that authorization of more courses and expansion of the existing courses for the workers should be made, and the great majority(71%) advocated raising the special allowances, which was found to be the first in the order of priority, followed by the government's administrative and legislative support(26%) and development and development and supply of materials and equipment for the rehabilitation(22%). The analysis of the above data helped deduct a reasonable rehabilitation practice pattern in which the rehabilitation programs are adopted with the same weight as other parts of the curriculum such as classroom lessons or extra curricula activities, and the programs should cover, with an equal emphasis on every field physical therapy(functional training), occupational therapy (vocational training), speech therapy, sensory training(perception-motor training) and psychological training. Shown in IV-B are the tentatively listed basic sets of facilities and apparat believed indespensable in the rehabilitation programs. 4. Suggestions The following are the suggestion based on the results of the comprehensive study on the present rehabilitation practice in the country. (1) The rehabilitation programs which is to facilitate maximum motor-skill development should compulsorily be included in the curriculum of the school for the crippled. (2) The present training course of the rehabilitation workers should be reorganized to produce highly skilled rehabilition experts who will satisfactorily meet the need on the part of the children. Also desirable is the change of the present title of the workers "rehabilitation attendant" to "rehabilitation training teacher". In parallel with the intensification on training and requirement of the teachers, an increase in emolument to or level of the other special teachers should be made. (3) It is recommended that the programs be extended to other fields of special education, in view of the fact that the rehabilitation programs are basically meant to maintain, improve or eliminate any human defects.

족저 근막염에 적용된 치료적 스포츠마사지의 효과

정동혁,김연수,송윤희 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.3

Plantar fasciitis is a repetitive microtrauma overload injury of the attachment of the plantar fascia at the inferior aspect of the calcaneus. The diagnosis of plantar fasciitis is common among athletes in many sports, primarily those sports that involve running. Common treatments for plantar fasciitis, including ice, stretching, ultrasound, and shoe inserts are helpful in reducing the symptoms. However, recurrence of the problem is common. By understanding the potential biomechanical causes of this disorder it may be possible to correct the anatomical and biomechanical variables that cause plantar fasciitis and reduce the rate of recurrence as well as speed the rehabilitation process. It may also be possible to identify predisposing maladaptations that can be corrected, therefore, preventing the initial occurrence of plantar fasciitis. The purpose of this study is to find out the effects of the therapeutic sports massage(TSM) applied to the patients with plantar fasciitis by measuring, assessing and analyzing the changes in intensity and unpleasantness of muscle pains before and after TSM. In the therapeutic sports massage program, such methods as effleurage, petrissage and deep transverse friction were selected as traditional massage treatments frequently used for muscles with pain and spasticity. After TSM, the McGill pain questionnaire word list(MPQWL), verbal rating scale(VRS), visual analogue scale(VAS) were used to measure the degree of the pain on the patients. The major findings from this study are as follows; 1. There was significant decrease in the numerical values of VAS, VRS and MPQWL after TSM(p<.05). 2. There was significant decrease in the intensity and unpleasantness of pains after TSM(p<.05). 3. From the analysis into chronological changes in the intensity and unpleasantness of pains before and after TSM with ANOVA, it became evident that the longer the period of treatment was, the higher the pains decreases drastically, while significant difference was shown in the intensity and unpleasantness of pains(p<.05). Summed up, it can be generally concluded that TSM is an effective treatment to rid the patients with plantar fasciitis of pains safely and promptly.

마취유도시 기관내 삽관에 대한 분석

정재용,신옥영,권무일,김동수 경희대학교 1997 慶熙醫學 Vol.13 No.2

HPLC를 이용한 Alnus속 식물에서의 diarylheptanoids의 정량분석

정동욱,김준식,조수민,이연아,김광호,김세원,이민원 중앙대학교 약학연구소 1999 약학 논총 Vol.13 No.-

Quantitative determination of diarylheptanoids (oregonin and hirsutanonol), which were characteristic components of Alnus spp. has been conducted by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. The HPLC analysis was carried out using an YMC J'sphere ODS-H80 column [150×4.6mm, S-4μm. 80A(particle)] and a combination of acetonitrile and H2O was used as mobile phase in gradient solvent system. The results showed differnce in the species (Alnus japonica, A hirsuta and A. hirsuta var. sibirica)

중공사막 모듈에 의한 Na의 분리에 관한 연구

정철수,김영일,황덕기,이용진,박동원 동아대학교 공과대학부설 생산기술연구소 1998 生産技術硏究所硏究論文集 Vol.3 No.1

By use of hydrophobic hollow fiber membrane module, this study examines the value of Kw(overall mass transfer coefficient) on Na^+, and used Di-2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester(EHPNA), Dodecyl-1,1,3,3,5,5-hexa-methyl hexylamine(LA-2), as extractant. We also shown the effect of additive(Cl^-, C_8H_17OH) and mixed extractant(Tri-n-octylphosphineoxide(TOPO)). LA-2 separated well by increased concentration of HCl and EHPNA decreased. LA-2 shown better separation ratio at compare EHPNA with LA-2. The effect of Kw vs. count ion(Cl^-) was shown that Kw increased by increased concentration of Cl^-, in effect of C_8H_17OH was weak.

부비동 환기의 연구를 위한 인체 비부비동 모형

정용수,김상렬,김동환,정동근,최순섭,정인호,서세훈 대한이비인후과학회 1999 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.42 No.9

Lightweight Printed Dipole Antenna Array With 3×2 Beamforming Network for Wide UAV Communication Coverage

Dong‑Geun Seo,Jeong‑Soo Park,Gun ‑Ki Lee,Wang‑Sang Lee 대한전기학회 2020 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.15 No.4

In this paper, a lightweight printed dipole antenna array with 3×2 beamforming network for wide unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communication coverage is presented. The proposed antenna consists of an upper substrate, a lower substrate, and two supports with a microstrip feeding. The upper substrate has a two-element printed dipole antenna array, and the lower substrate includes a beamforming feeding circuit and a ground plane as a refector of the proposed antenna array for gain improvement. For wide beam coverage, the proposed feeding network consists of three RF switches, one Wilkinson power divider, and one 90° hybrid coupler, and generates the wide beam using one broadside beam and two end-fre beams. Measured impedance bandwidth, peak gain, and half-power beamwidth (HPBW) of the proposed array operated from 5.03 to 5.15 GHz are approximately 2 GHz, 4.3 dBi, and 155°, respectively.