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Clement Chun Ho Wu,Samuel Jun Ming Lim,Damien Meng Yew Tan 대한소화기내시경학회 2024 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.57 No.4
Pancreatic cystic lesions (PCLs) have increased in prevalence due to the increased usage and advancements in cross-sectional abdominal imaging. Current diagnostic techniques cannot distinguish between PCLs requiring surgery, close surveillance, or expectant management. This has increased the morbidity and healthcare costs from inappropriately aggressive and conservative management strategies. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) needle-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (nCLE) allows for microscopic examination and delineation of the surface epithelium of PCLs. Landmark studies have identified characteristics distinguishing various types of PCLs, confirmed the high diagnostic yield of EUS-nCLE (especially for PCLs with an equivocal diagnosis), and shown that EUS-nCLE helps to change management and reduce healthcare costs. Refining procedure technique and reducing procedure length have improved the safety of EUS-nCLE. The utilization of artificial intelligence and its combination with other EUS-based advanced diagnostic techniques would further improve the results of EUS-based PCL diagnosis. A structured training program and device improvements to allow more complete mapping of the pancreas cyst epithelium will be crucial for the widespread adoption of this promising technology.
Clement C H Wu,James W Li,Keng Sin Ng,Daphne S Ang 대한소화기내시경학회 2018 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.51 No.1
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is commonly performed for feeding diffculties, in patients suffering from complicationsof nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and its treatment, namely radiotherapy and surgery. This case report describes the challenges inhemostasis and subsequent re-establishment of enteral access for feeding, in an elderly patient with a history of NPC, treated surgically,followed by radiotherapy, who presented with massive hematemesis following reinsertion of her PEG shortly after an accidentaldislodgement. Her previous nasopharyngectomy, wide field radiation therapy, and radical neck dissection precluded nasogastric tubefeeding, and the presence of a large hiatus hernia made reinsertion of a new PEG technically challenging. This case highlights themethods used to overcome the above challenges.
Clement Ighodargho OSUYA 한국중재학회 2023 중재연구 Vol.33 No.3
This informative piece delves into the intriguing and crucial history of third-party funding in Nigeria and its application in the Arbitration and Mediation Act of 2023. The article analyses the impact of this funding on cross-border transactions while addressing concerns about mandatory disclosure. The absence of remedies or sanctions for non-disclosure is also a matter of concern that warrants thoughtful examination. The article looks closer at the role of courts, tribunals, and arbitral institutions in addressing gaps in the Act. Ultimately, it presents a well-considered set of recommendations for moving forward.
Clements, J. D.,Feng, Carl G.,Palendira, Umaimainthan,Demangel, Caroline,Spratt, Joanne M.,Malin, Adam S.,Britton, Warwick J. American Society for Microbiology 2001 Infection and immunity Vol.69 No.6
<B>ABSTRACT</B><P>Sequential immunization with mycobacterial antigen Ag85B-expressing DNA and <I>Mycobacterium bovis</I> bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) was more effective than BCG immunization in protecting against<I>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</I> infection. Depletion of the CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cells in the immunized mice impaired protection in their spleens, indicating that this improved efficacy was partially mediated by CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cells.</P>
Clement Olusola Ogidi,Sadeeq Adewale Abioye,Damilola Deborah Akinyemi,Felix Bukola Fadairo,Tolulope Bolaniran,Bamidele Juliet Akinyele 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2022 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.22 No.2
The use of agro-industrial residues for production of bio-functional products has aroused the interest of scientists as a positive step towards ecological sustainable. In this study, Pleurotus ostreatus or Calocybe indica was used in solitary and were combined in solid state fermentation to improve bioactivities of extracts from cocoa pod husk (CPH) and kolanut pod (KP). The bioactive compounds in extracts were revealed using Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GCMS). Phenolic and flavonoid contents of studied extracts were within 34.80–56.9 mg/g Gallic acid equivalent and 11.50–31.5 mg/g Quercertin equivalent, respectively. Extracts from unfermented and fermented pods of Theobroma cacao and Cola spp. displayed notable antimicrobial activity against indicator microorganisms with zones of inhibition ranged from 5.0 to 18.0 mm. Minimum inhibitory concentration of the extracts against microorganisms ranged from 2.5 to 10.0 mg/ml. IC50 of extracts against free radicals ranged from 0.3 to 1.7 mg/ml, 0.4–1.7 mg/ml and 0.4–1.8 mg/ml for DPPH, Fe and OH−, respectively. Some of bioactive compounds identified using GCMS were phenol, glycerine, pimelic ketone, D-ribonic acid, methyl myristate, palmitic acid methyl ester, oleic acid ethyl ester, lauramide, oleic acid amide, 1,2-cyclododecanediol, resorcinol, phytol and others. The bioactivities of extracts from unfermented and fermented CPH and KP can be attributed to the presence of assorted bioactive compounds, which can be exploited as antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antitumor promoting agents and therefore, useful for production of functional foods, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics.
Clement N. D.,Ng N.,MacDonald D.,Scott C. E. H.,Howie C. R. 대한슬관절학회 2020 대한슬관절학회지 Vol.32 No.-
Purpose: The primary aim of this study was to assess whether there was a clinically significant difference in the mean Oxford knee score (OKS) between 6 and 12 months after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The secondary aim was to identify variables associated with a clinically significant change in the OKS between 6 and 12 months. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was undertaken using an established arthroplasty database of 1574 primary TKA procedures. Patient demographics, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, OKS and EuroQoL 5- domain (EQ-5D) score were collected preoperatively and at 6 and 12 months postoperatively. A clinically significant change in the OKS was defined as 5 points or more. Results: There was a 1.1-point increase in the OKS between 6 and 12 months postoperatively, which was statistically significant (95% confidence (CI) 0.8–1.3, p < 0.0001). There were 381 (24.2%) patients who had a clinically significant improvement in their OKS from 6 to 12 months. After adjusting for confounding, patients with a lower BMI (p = 0.028), without diabetes mellitus (p < 0.001), a better preoperative OKS (p < 0.001) or a worse 6-month OKS (p < 0.001) were more likely to have a clinically significant improvement. A 6-month OKS < 36 points was a reliable predictor of a clinically significant improvement in the 6-month to 12-month OKS (area under the curve 0.73, 95% CI 0.70–0.75, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Overall, there was no clinically significant change in the OKS from 6 to 12 months; however, a clinically significant improvement was observed in approximately a quarter of patients and was more likely in those scoring less than 36 points at 6 months. Level of evidence: retrospective diagnostic study, level III.
Towards a Global Understanding and Standardisation of Education and Training in Microsurgery
Clement Chi Ming Leung,Ali M Ghanem,Pierluigi Tos,Mihai Ionac,Stefan Froschauer,Simon Richard Myers 대한성형외과학회 2013 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.40 No.4
With an increasing emphasis on microsurgery skill acquisition through simulated training,the need has been identified for standardised training programmes in microsurgery. We have reviewed microsurgery training courses available across the six continents of the World. Data was collected of relevant published output from PubMed, MEDLINE (Ovid), and EMBASE (Ovid)searches, and from information available on the Internet of up to six established microsurgery course from each of the six continents of the World. Fellowships and courses that concentrate on flap harvesting rather than microsurgical techniques were excluded. We identified 27 centres offering 39 courses. Total course length ranged from 20 hours to 1,950 hours. Studentto-teacher ratios ranged from 2:1 to 8:1. Only two-thirds of courses offered in-vivo animal models. Instructions in microvascular end-to-end and end-to-side anastomoses were common,but peripheral nerve repair or free groin flap transfer were not consistently offered. Methods of assessment ranged from no formal assessment, where an instructor monitored and gave instant feedback, through immediate assessment of patency and critique on quality of repair,to delayed re-assessment of patency after a 12 to 24 hours period. Globally, training in microsurgery is heterogeneous, with variations primarily due to resource and regulation of animal experimentation. Despite some merit to diversity in curricula, there should be a global minimum standard for microsurgery training.