일본 벼 품종의 Allelopathy 탐색과 전망

최진룡,송문태,조영손,송미광홍 한국국제농업개발학회 2000 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.12 No.1

Allelopathy has a potential in integrated weed management as a weed control strategy. Crop plants generally have the capability to exude allelochemicals into their surroundings, which can suppress the growth of weeds in their vicinity. In this paper extentive discussions were made on the agents of allelopathic activity and major research activities of allelopathic effects of rice in Japan, A series of experiments on selection for superior genotypes with allelopathic potential have been carried out with several rice cultivars or germplasms. Approaches to crop production that successfully reduce weed seed production can make farmers benefit by reducing management inputs and costs. Japanese allelopathy research team established a new testing method for the allelopathy potential in rice with the combination of biological test and field test. Among them, monochoria test was found to be most valuable for rice allelopathy test. Some old native rice cultivars of Pakistan, Philippines, and India were found to show high allelopathic potential than new cultivars of America and Japan. Upto date, although progress has been made in understanding the genetics of allelopathic activity of crop and successful genetic manipulation, further researches are required for a full degree of understanding of the genetic control of allelopathic activity in rice. Once the allelopathic genes are identified, a breeding program could be initiated to transfer the genes into modern cultivars and enhance their allelopathic activity in order to maximize weed suppression effects. Allelopathic research in rice should be cooperated with the research team of crop ecologists, soil scientists, agronomists, biochemists. plant physiologist, and farmers. This interest can be extended to effectiveness of cover crops, which is able to evaluate the allelopathy potential in the paddy field.

일본에서의 농산물과 다이옥신 현황

최진룡,최재원,송문태,조영손 한국국제농업개발학회 2000 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.12 No.1

Considerable interest has been focused on dioxins recently. In Germany since 1994, interdisciplinary and consummer-related investigations under the guidance of the Federal Ministry for Food. Agricultural and Forestry has reported the occurrence of polychlorinated dibenzoioxines and dibenzoflurances (called dioxins hereinafter) in foodstuffs and the contamination of foods by chemicals. In Japan, the government have given attention to the chemicals by enforcing the emergency laws for solving of dioxins from 1997. These case indicated the serious situation of the pollution from the dioxins. In this report, the chemical properties of dioxins, dioxins contents in several food stuff, the contamination pathway of dioxins to the food stuff and the nature of the degradation of the chemicals were broadly discussed. Special attention was also given to the problems by the chemicals and the solving methods of the agricultural practices in Japan. A particular interest is given to dioxins research team in Ehime University involved in investigating the content of the dioxins in the paddy soil and pathway of the chemicals. Their research effort have attributed to the finding of the contamination of Japanese paddy soil with the chemicals as well as the contents of the chemicals is considerably higher than safe standards. The major concern in present is that there will be no agricultural field with dioxins free and consequent exposure of men to the those hazardous chemicals through food-web system. The origins of the dioxins in the farm soil and agricultural product may be mostly from the herbicides and other agricultural chemicals. The chemicals may be accumulated in the plant and animal from the those contaminated soil and water. Half-time periods of dioxins reduction is longer than controllable and the cost of purification of the chemical from soil is considerably high. In conclusion, an imminent development and application of farming practice reducing dioxins in our agricultural environment is badly needed in order to conserve the earth and humankind in future.

벼-자운영 무경운 이앙재배에서 한국 재래벼의 생육특성

이병진 ( Byung Jin Lee ),최진용 ( Zhin Ryong Choi ),오성환 ( Seong Hwan Oh ),김준환 ( Jun Hwan Kim ),김상열 ( Sang Yeol Kim ),안종웅 ( Jong Woong Ahn ) 한국국제농업개발학회 2007 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.19 No.4

자운영 환원답의 벼 품종간 생육특성과 수량에 관한 연구

이병진,안종웅,황동용,오성환,김준환,김상열,구연충,최진룡,Lee, Byung-Jin,Ahn, Jong-Woong,Hwang, Dong-Yong,Oh, Seong-Hwan,Kim, Joon-Hwan,Kim, Sang-Yeol,Ku, Yeon-Chung,Choi, Zhin-Ryong 한국작물학회 2006 Korean journal of crop science Vol.51 No.suppl1

자운영답에서 벼의 생육특성 등을 조사하여 벼-자운영 작부체계에 적합한 품종의 생리생태적 특성을 구명하고자 영남농업연구소 답작 포장에서 실시한 시험결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 자운영 재배답은 무재배답에 비해 이앙 후 환원장애에 의한 초기 활착이 떨어졌으나, 풍미벼, 소비벼, 화영벼가 초장 및 개체군생장률 감소가 적은 편이었다. 2. 부위별 질소함량은 자운영 재배답이 무재배답에 비해 높았고, 반대로 질소흡수량은 단위면적당 건물중이 높았던 자운영 무재배답에서 높았다. 3. 자운영 재배답이 무재배답에 비해 수량이 낮았던 원인은 단위면적당 수수가 적었기 때문이다. 4. 수량에 영향을 미친 수량구성요소로써 자운영 재배답에서는 단위면적당 영화수가, 자운영 무재배답에서는 등숙율이 크게 작용하였다. 5. 쌀의 완전미율과 단백질 함량은 자운영 재배답이 자운영 무재배답에 비해 높게 나타났으며, 식미값은 유의적인 차이가 인정되지 않았다. This study was carried out to comparatively evaluate growth characteristics of rice cultivars under rice-mono (conventional) and rice-Chinese milk vetch (Vetch) cropping system. Six rice cultivars such as Geumobyeo, Pungmibyeo, Hwayeongbyeo, Sobibyeo, Junambyeo and Dongjinbyeo were tested in 2005. The results obtained are summarized as follows ; plant height and culm length of all the tested cultivars at heading and harvest time were shorter in rice-vetch cropping system than conventional, however, nitrogen content of rice plants at heading and harvesting time was higher in rice-vetch cropping system. The total amount of nitrogen of rice plants was higher in conventional than rice-vetch cropping system. Nitrogen content of rice plant and uptake of Pungmibyeo was the highest of all the tested cultivars in both cropping systems. Generally, grain yietd ef tested cultivars seemed to be higher in conventional than rice-vetch cropping system. And it was the highest in Junambyeo as compared to those of other cultivars. Head rice ratio and protein content were higher in rice-vetch cropping system.

유기물 피복과 경운관리에 따른 재래벼의 쌀 품위 및 이화학적 특성

이병진,조영손,안종웅,박재현,강진호,최진용,Lee Byung Jin,Son Young Son,Ahn Jong Wwoong,Park Jae Hyun,Kang Jin Ho,Choi Zhin Ryong 한국작물학회 2005 한국작물학회지 Vol.50 No.suppl1

1) 현미 품위는 무경운 짚 피복 벼 작부체계(SMNTRCS)와 무경운 짚 피복 벼-자운영 작부체계(SMNTRVCS)가 관햄 벼-보리 작부체계(CRBCS)와 관행 벼 작부체계(CRCS)보다 좋은 경향을 나타내었다. 백미 품위는 SMN TRCS에서 가장 우수하였다. 2) Mg와 K의 함량은 SMNTRVCS에서 가장 높았으며 Na 함량과 Mg/K는 CRCS에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 3) 단백질함량은 SMNTRCS에서 가장 높았으며, SMNTRVCS, CRBCS 및 CRCS순으로 감소하였다. 아밀로스함량은 SMNTRVCS에서 다른 작부체계에 비해 높게 나타났다. 4) 알카리붕괴도는 $1.2\%$ KOH농도에서 작부체계별 품종간 변이가 가장크게 나타났다. 모든 KOH농도에서 알카리붕괴도는 CRBCS에서 가장크게 나타났으며, CRCS가 가장 낮았다. 5) 양질미 생산을 위해서는 유기물 투입으로 질소시비량을 줄일 수 있는 작부 체계인 SMNTRCS 및 SMNTRVCS가 가장 유리 할 것으로 사료된다. Three new rice farming systems, i.e. (1) straw-mulched no-till rice cropping system(SMNTRCS), (2)straw-mulched no-till rice-vetch cropping system (SMNTRWCS), (3)conventional rice-barley cropping system(CRVCS) have been established and compared with (4)conventional rice cropping system(CRCS). Grain appearance of brown rice of Korean native rice cultivars in SMNTRCS and SMNTRVCS were better than those in CRBCS and CRCS. Grain appearance of milled rice in SMNTRCS was better than those of other cropping systems. Korean native rice cultivars showed more white belly and broken rice than those of recommended rice cultivars. Mg and K contents of Korean native rice cultivars were the highest in SMNTRVCS. Protein contents of all the cultivars tested were the highest in SMNTRCS. Protein contents of Korean native cultivars were higher than those of recommended cultivars. Amylose contents of the cultivars tested were from 16 to 22 percent, while those of Aedal and Jenmjo were significantly higher than those of the other cultivars. Alkali digestibility values(ADV) of milled rice grain, tested in $1.2\%$ potassium hydroxide for 23 h at $30^{\circ}C$, showed varietal differences and the cultivars grown in CRBCS were the highest and the lowest in CRCS.