한의진단명과 진단요건의 표준화 연구 III : 3차년도 연구결과 보고

최선미,양기상,최승훈,박경모,박종현,심범상,김성우,노석선,이인선,정진홍,이진용,김달래,임형호,김윤범,박성식,송태원,김종우,이승기,최윤정,신순식 한국한의학연구원 1997 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.3 No.1

The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of symptoms and signs in the third year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows : - analyzing and differentiating of epidemic febrile disease - analyzing and differentiating in accordance with the Sasang constitution medicine based on four-type recognition - differentiation of disease according to pathological changes of Chong and Ren channels - standards for diagnosis of women's disease - standards for diagnosis of children's disease - standards for diagnosis of motor and sensor disturbance (-muscle. born, joint, etc.) - standards for diagnosis of neuropsychiatric disease - standards for diagnosis of five sense organ disease - standards for diagnosis of external disease The indivisual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of diagnosis pattern, index of differentiation of symptoms and signs, the main point of diagnosis, analysis of diagnosis pattern, discrimination of diagnosis pattern, prognosis, a way of curing a disease, prescription, herbs in common use, disease appearing the diagnosis pattern, documents. The standards for diagnosis of each disease was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of disease, the main point of diagnosis, analyzing and differentiating of disease, analysis of disease, discrimination of disease, prognosis, a way of curing and prescription of disease, disease in western medicine appearing the disease in oriental medicine, documents.

색소성 광선각화증에서 발생한 색소성 편평세포담종 - 1예 보고-

최현주,박경신,강석진,최영진,김병기,김선무,심상인 대한병리학회 1998 Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine Vol.32 No.1

조혈모세포이식 환자에서 침습성 진균 감염에 대한 Micafungin의 예방 효과 및 안전성

김시현,이동건,최수미,권재철,박선희,최정현,유진홍,이성은,조병식,김유진,이석,김희제,민창기,조석구,김동욱,이종욱,민우성,박종원 대한감염학회 2010 감염과 화학요법 Vol.42 No.3

Background: Micafungin, a potent inhibitor of 1,3-β-D-glucan synthase, is a novel antifungal agent of the echinocandin class. In vitro study showed that micafungin was effective against Aspergillus species as well as Candida species, but clinical data on the prophylactic efficacy against invasive fungal infections (IFIs) other than candidiasis are still lacking. Materials and Methods: We identified 60 consecutive adult hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients who received at least 3 doses of micafungin during neutropenic period. Micafungin was started as an alternative in patients who were intolerant or had adverse events (AEs) to primary prophylactic antifungal agents. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and analyzed the efficacy and safety of micafungin for prophylaxis against IFIs. Results: The patients either had autologous (n=9) or allogeneic (n=51: 1 syngeneic, 24 sibling, 26 unrelated donor) HSCT. Itraconazole oral solution (n=58) was the most frequently used first line antifungal agent for prophylaxis and was administered for median 11 days. The most frequent cause of switch to micafungin was vomiting (n=42). The duration of neutropenia and micafungin administration was median 13 and 12 days, respectively. A successful outcome was achieved in 45 (75%) patients. Empirical antifungal therapy was initiated in 13 (22%) patients. There were 2 cases (3.3%) of breakthrough fungal infections which comprised a probable invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and a possible invasive fungal sinusitis. There was no case of invasive candidiasis. A total of 53 (88%) patients experienced at least one AE regardless of causality during micafungin administration. The most frequent AEs were hypokalemia, vomiting, diarrhea, and elevated serum aspartate aminotransferase or alanine aminotransferase. Among the aforementioned AEs, only 1 case of diarrhea could be classified as a probable relation with micafungin when causality was assessed. There was no AEs that caused discontinuation of micafungin. Conclusions: Micafungin seems to be a safe and effective agent for prophylaxis of IFIs including aspergillosis as well as candidiasis in HSCT recipients. However, further large, prospective, and randomized comparative studies are warranted for aspergillosis.

도심지 터널형 방음벽의 환경적 요인 및 외관 디자인에 관한 연구

최정민,윤태호,박창섭,이경희,박진석 국립7개대학공동논문집간행위원회 2005 공업기술연구 Vol.5 No.-

This study is to obtain a basic data for a better environment and visual design improvement for the sound barrier tunnel located along the overpasses which passed through downtown areas. For this purpose, the traffic noise was measured in Daegu. In addition. using the sound analysis software, equivalent sounds were checked and analyzed. Finally, the alternatives of sound barrier tunnel were proposed.

C 의과대학에서 문제강의에 대한 학생들의 직접평가가 강의개선에 미친 영향

김석용, 이상진, 최재운, 김승렬, 김용대, 배성은, 김영규 충북대학교 의과대학 충북대학교 의학연구소 2012 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.22 No.1

연구목적: 팀티칭에 근거한 통합강의는 최근 대부분의 의과대학에서 시행되는 강의형태이다. 그러나 기 존에 사용되고 있는 온라인 강의평가 방식은 이러한 강의 특성에서 나타나는 문제점을 파악하기 힘든 점이 있다. 본 대학에서는 팀티칭에 의한 통합강의에서 문제강의를 직접적으로 파악하는 ‘문제강의 직 접평가지’를 개발하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 새로이 개발된 문제강의 직접평가지가 강의개선에 끼친 영 향력을 알아보고자 하는 것이었다. 연구방법: 2007년 2학기부터 2009년 2학기까지 충북대학교 의과대학 1, 2학년을 대상으로 문제강의 직접평가지에 의한 강의평가를 실시하였다. 평가지 질문 중에서 두 가지 객관식 질문에 대한 답변을 분 석대상으로 선택하였다. 질문은 첫째, ‘가장 유익하고 도움이 많이 되었던 강의들은 무엇입니까?’와 둘 째, ‘가장 어렵거나 이해하기 힘들었던 강의들은 무엇입니까?’였다. 강의평가를 실시한 강좌들 중에서 2 년 이상 연속적으로 강좌구조와 평가지의 객관식 질문 형식이 변하지 않은 14개의 강좌를 분석대상으로 하였다. 각각 연도의 평균 긍정비율을 다른 연도의 것과 카이제곱 검정 방법을 사용하여 비교하였다. 결과: 14개의 강좌 중에서 시작연도와 마침 연도 간에 긍정비율이 증가된 경우는 13개 강좌였다. 그 러나 통계적으로 의미가 있는 경우는 5개 강좌에서 나타났다. 결론: 문제강의 직접평가지에 의한 문제강의를 판별해 내는 방법은 단기간에 통합강좌의 개선에 효과 적이다.

조혈모세포이식 환자에서 발생한 Cytomegalovirus 질환의 특징 : 일개 대학변원에서 최근 10년간의 경험

최수미,이동건,박선희,김시현,김유진,민창기,김희제,이석,최정현,유진홍,김동욱,이종욱,민우성,신완식,김춘추 대한감염학회 2009 감염과 화학요법 Vol.41 No.1

Background : Studies on cytomegalovirus (CMV) diseases in Korean hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients are lacking and do not reflect the recent trends of advances and changes. Therefore, we tried to analyze the clinical features of CMV diseases in HSCT recipients over the past 10 years at a tertiary university hospital in Korea. Methods : Retrospective review of medical records was done for all adult HSCT patients who received transplant at the Catholic HSCT Center from January 1998 to January 2008. Results : Forty-four cases (2.2%) of CMV diseases were identified. CMV pneumonia was diagnosed in 17 patients, retinitis in 16 patients, enterocolitis in 7 patients, esophagitis 1 patient, gastritis in 1 patient, duodenitis in 1 patient, and hepatitis in 1 patient. The median onset of symptom was 90 days after transplantation. Late CMV diseases accounted for 47.7%. CMV related death varied from 0 to 58.8% according to the involved organ. CMV retinitis was diagnosed relatively later in the course of transplantation mostly in patients who had chronic graft versus host disease (GVHD). On the contrary, CMV enterocolitis mainly occurred in patients who suffered from acute GVHD. The overall concurrent CMV reactivation was documented to be 63.6%: the concurrent CMV reactivation was observed only in 37.5% of patients with retinitis. Conclusions : We observed some differences in the pattern of CMV disease manifestation according to the involved organ and reconfirmed the fact that CMV pneumonia is the most common and fatal disease in HSCT recipients. Additionally, CMV retinitis was not uncommon in HSCT recipients. Since specific marker does not exist in predicting retinitis, regular ocular examination should be done thoroughly, especially in patients with chronic GVHD.

안정된 광 솔리톤 전송영역에 대한 연구

최봉수,이명우,서동선,김석진 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 1995 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.14 No.-

We numerically investigate stable propagation regimes of 10 ㎓ train of optical solitons with 17.6 ps widths to determine the acceptable variations of periodic amplifier gain(△G), dispersion(△D), and initial chirp(C), as a function of the amplification period LP. We fine that, when LP = 25 km, the acceptable variations are △G = ±4%, △D= ±12%, and C= -0.36 ∼ 0.39. The variations decrease as the amplification period LP increases.

노장(老莊)에게서 인간은 어떠한 존재인가? : 공맹(孔孟)과의 비교를 통하여 Comparison with Kong-Meng

최진석 가톨릭대학교 인간학연구소 2004 인간연구 Vol.- No.6

공맹(孔孟)에게서 인간은 "도덕적 가능성" 및 "도덕적 정서"로 이해되는 "도덕력"이라는 본질을 근거로 존재한다. 이런 본질주의적 인간관을 가지게 되면 인간은 필연적으로 그 본질을 발전시켜야 한다. 그렇게 되면 본질이 확장되는 최고 지점이 정해지게 되고, 그 최고 지점은 그런 본질적 인간관을 받아들이는 문화 체계 내에서 누구나 도달해야 하는 이상적단계로 설정된다. 그렇기 때문에 공맹(孔孟)에게서는 "도덕력"이라는 본질을 토대로 항상 위를 향하여 발전해 나가야 하는 상승형의 인간이 요청된다. 하지만 노장(老莊)은 모두 유가가 도덕적 본성을 근거로 인간을 파악한 후, 그 도덕적 본성을 확장하는 목적하에 형성된 문화 체계에로 모든 인간을 집중 통일시키려는 기획 자체를 부정한다. 그것은 그들이 파악한 세계 자체가 본질주의적으로 존재하는 것이 아니라 관계와 변화 속에서 해체적으로 존재하기 때문에, 특정한 내용을 담고 있는 특정한 문화 체계자체가 받아들여질 수 없기 때문이다. 이런 해체적 세계관 속에 있는 노장의 인간은 자신의 존재 근거 즉 본질을 근거로 존재하는 것이 아니라, 다른 존재자들과 마찬가지로 비본질적으로 되어 있다. 그런데 이 비본질성이 노자(老子)에게서는 대립면의 상호 의존이라는 점에서 드러나고, 장자(莊子)에게서는 기의 이합집산(離合集散)이라는 점으로 나타난다. 노자(老子)는 본질이라는 토대를 근거로 형성된 문화력은 인간을 억압하고 상호 배제시켜서 극심한 갈등 속으로 내몰 수 있기 때문에 인위적인 문화력에 의존하지 말고 자연의 순수한 존재 형식에 의존하자고 말한다. 자연의 순수한 존재 형식은 어떠한 본질적 토대도 설정함이 없이 모든 것이 관계와 변화 속에 있음을 받아들이고, 자신 또한 인위적 체계를 근거로 세계와 관계하지 않는다. 이런 의미로 노자(老子)에게서는 상승형의 인간이 아니라, 바로 지금 여기에 있는 구체성에 바탕을 둔 인간형이 긍정적으로 받아들여진다. 장자도 인간을 비본질적 존재로 이해한다는 점에서는 노자와 일치하지만, 장자는 노자와 달리 개체적 자아가 상대적 제한성을 극복하고 순수한자연성을 유지하면서 전체 자연과 일체를 이루는 자유의 경지를 도모한다. 이런 자유형의 인간은 우선 띠 죽이기'를 통해서 자신의 비본질성을 회복하여 모든 상대성을 극복하고 원래 자연의 상태를 유지하며 전체와 일체를 이루고 있기 때문에 비록 문화력이 지배하는 상대적 세계 속에서도 그런 인위적 문화력과 충돌을 빚지 않고 심적인 갈등이 없이 자유를 구가한다. For Kong-Meng, human beings exist as the foundation of the essence of moral power understood as moral possibility and moral emotion. If we have this essentialism-based view on human beings, we must develop such essence. Thus, the loftiest point that can be achieved by the essence is determined, and such point is established as an ideal phase that everybody must reach within the cultural system accepting such essentialism-based view on human beings. Therefore, for Kong-Meng, climbing-type human beings are required to aim for higher goals based on the essence of moral power. On the other hand, Lao-Zhuang rejects the very scheme of concentrating all human beings towards the formed cultural system that aims to expand the moral essence given Confucianists' acquired understanding of human beings based on moral essence. This is because the world itself as understood by Confucianists does not exist essentially; rather, it is dissected in relations and changes, thereby not accepting a certain specific cultural system that contains specific contents. Lao-Zhuang possessed such dissected view of the world, maintaining that human beings do not exist on the basis of their existential foundation, i.e., their essence; rather, they are non-essential like other beings. Such non-essentiality appears in conflicting mutual dependence in the case of Lozi. In the case of Zuangzi, however, it appears in the dispersion and integration of qi(氣). Lozi noted that we must depend on nature's pure existential format rather than on artificial cultural power, since the cultural power that is formed based on the foundation of essence may suppress human beings, pit them against one another, and drive them to extreme conflict. Nature's pure existential format does not establish any essential foundation; instead, it accepts that all things exist in relationships and changes. It also does not concern itself with the world based on the artificial system. In this sense, Laozi accepted that a positive human being is not a climbing-type of human being; rather, he is based on the specificity of the here and now. Zuangzi concurs with Laozi, understanding human beings as non-essential existence. Unlike Laozi, however, Zuangzi sought to explore the realm of freedom wherein the self overcomes his limits and maintains pure naturalness and unity with the entire nature. Since this type of free human being recovers his non-essentiality by killing himself, overcomes all relativism, maintains the original natural state, and fosters unity with the whole, he does not come in conflict with such artificial cultural power despite living in a relative world where cultural power reigns supreme; instead, he seeks freedom without psychological conflict.

한국 연안 퇴적물에서 ^137Cs, ^90Sr 및 Pu 동위원소의 분포

최석원,진현국,김철수,노정환,김창규,노병환 대한방사선 방어학회 2002 방사선방어학회지 Vol.27 No.2

한국 주변 연안 15개 정점의 퇴적물(0∼20 cm)에서 ^137Cs, ^90Sr, ^239+240Pu 의 농도와 농도비를 조사했다. ^137Cs, ^90Sr, ^238Pu 및^239+240Pu의 평균 방사능 농도는 각각 2.24±0.79 Bq·kg^-1-dry, 0.20±0.04 Bq·kg^-1-dry, 0.009±0.005 Bq·kg^-1-dry 및 0.27±0.17 Bq·kg^-1-dry이다. ^137Cs/^90Sr, ^239+240Pu/^137Cs 및 ^238Pu/229+240Pu의 평균 농도 비와 ^239Pu/240의 평균 원자 비는 각각 11.2±2.9, 0.123±0.053, 0.033±0.01 및 0.218±0.036이다. 퇴적물에서 핵종의 농도 범위와 핵종간의 농도 비는 그 동안 주변국가의 퇴적물에서 조사한 값과 비슷하였다. 퇴적물에서 ^137Cs과 ^239+240Pu의 상관계수는 0.80이다. ^137Cs과 SOM, ^239+240Pu과 점토 함량과의 상관계수는 각각 0.69, 0.67 이다. The concentrations and activity ratios of ^137Cs, ^90Sr, ^238Pu and ^239+240Pu in sediment(0∼20 cm) at 15 coastal stations of Korea were determined. The mean concentrations of ^137Cs, ^90Sr, ^238Pu and ^239+240Pu are 2.24±0.79 Bq·kg^-1-dry, 0.20±0.04 Bq·kg^-1-dry, 0.009±0.005 Bq·kg^-1-dry and 0.27±0.17 Bq·kg^-1-dry, respectively. The mean activity ratios of ^137Cs/^90Sr, ^239+240Pu/^137Cs and ^238Pu/^229+240Pu and atomic ratio of ^240Pu/^239Pu are 11.2±2.9, 0.123±0.053 and 0.033±0.017 and 0.218±0.036, respectively. The concentrations and activity ratios in sediment samples are similar to those reported from neighbouring country in the northern hemisphere. The correlation coefficient of ^137Cs and ^239+240Pu is 0.80. The correlation coefficient of ^137Cs and soil organic matter(SOM), and ^239+240Pu and clay content are 0.69 and 0.67, respectively.

鹽化物 含有梁에 따른 鐵分 腐蝕에 관한 實驗的 硏究

최진석,조철희,신용석,고송균,손순채,김정섭 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.1(구조계)

As a result of separating river sand and sea sand into the corrosion increased according to the of thinnss or the coating and the Chloride Content and Corrosion of Steel Bar through the experiment, the following conclusions are obtained. 1. There was no corrosion in the case of treating the steel bar with anticorrosive among test specimens cured in the air for 60 days, corrosion was found in the test specimens not treated with anticorrosive and for 60 days of age. 2. The area of corrosion increased according to the thinnss of the coating and the chloride content wher exposed for are more than 60 days. Therefore, it was determined in general that the corrosion progressed more rapidly in water cured specimens than in air cured ones and this was due to the influence of C1_(￣) in the sea sand.