A two-photon ratiometric probe for hydrogen polysulfide (H₂S_n): Increase in mitochondrial H₂S_n production in a Parkinson’s disease model

Choi, Hyeon Jin,Lim, Chang Su,Cho, Myoung Ki,Kang, Ji Su,Park, Soo Jin,Park, Sang Myun,Kim, Hwan Myung Elsevier 2019 Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical Vol.283 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Hydrogen polysulfide (H<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>n</SUB>, n>1), which is primarily generated during the crosstalk between H<SUB>2</SUB>S and reactive species (ROS and RNS), is receiving increasing attention in biochemical research. H<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>n</SUB> is mostly generated in the mitochondria, and abnormal mitochondrial function and oxidative stress are directly related to many disorders including Parkinson's disease (PD). We now report a two-photon fluorescent probe (<B>SPS-M1</B>) for in situ detection of H<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>n</SUB> and its application to a PD model to account the H<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>n</SUB> levels. The probe exhibited selective and fast response to H<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>n</SUB> along with a marked blue-to-green color change. <B>SPS-M1</B> is sensitive enough to quantitative detection of endogenous H<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>n</SUB> content in mitochondria using two-photon microscopy (TPM). Ratiometric TPM imaging of live neurons and brain slices using <B>SPS-M1</B> revealed that H<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>n</SUB> production is increased to a greater extent in the A53 T α-synuclein (α-syn) overexpressing model than in the wild-type control. These findings suggest that the interactions of H<SUB>2</SUB>S and the increased ROS caused by α-syn overexpression may generate more H<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>n</SUB>. By employing our recently published TP probe for mitochondrial H<SUB>2</SUB>S, we also found the relationship between the H<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>n</SUB> and H<SUB>2</SUB>S; increased H<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>n</SUB> and decreased H<SUB>2</SUB>S levels, indicating that H<SUB>2</SUB>S and H<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>n</SUB> may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of PD. This result may be useful to biomedical studies, including PD.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A two-photon excitable and emission ratiometric probe for hydrogen polysulfide (H<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>n</SUB>) in mitochondria was developed. </LI> <LI> The probe is able to direct visualization of the endogenous H<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>n</SUB> level using two-photon microscopy (TPM). </LI> <LI> Ratiometric TPM imaging revealed that H<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>n</SUB> production is increased in a Parkinson’s Disease model. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

CT 영상을 이용한 악골 골수염의 경조직 변화에 관한 연구

안창현,최보람,허경회,이원진,이삼선,최순철 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2009 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.39 No.3

Purpose : To assess the clinical findings and hard tissue changes of osteomyelitis of the jaws using computed tomographic (CT) image analysis. Materials and Methods : We reviewed and interpreted the CT images of 163 patients (64 males and 99 females, age range from 10 to 87 years) who visited the Seoul National University Dental Hospital from April 23, 2006 to December 31, 2008 and were diagnosed as osteomyelitis of the jaws through clinical, radiologic, and histopathologic examination. Each CT findings was investigated for frequency, correlation with age and gender. Results : Of the 163 patients, 31 (19.0%) were affected on the maxilla, 135 (82.8%) were affected on the mandible, and 3 (1.8%) were affected on the both jaws simultaneously. The mean age of the patients who were affected on the maxilla was 61.0 years and that of the patients who were affected on the mandible was 56.2 years. On the maxilla, the most frequent site of disease was the posterior area (83.9%) and on the mandible, mandibular body (83.0%), followed by angle (48.1%), ramus (38.5%), condyle (13.3%), incisal area (9.6%), and coronoid process (3.0%). Among the 31 maxillary osteomyelitis, defect in the trabecular bone was observed in 28 (90.3%), osteosclerosis 20 (64.5%), defect in the cortical bone 27 (87.1%), sequestrum 17 (54.8%), and periosteal reaction 2 (6.5%). Among the 135 mandibular osteomyelitis, defect in the trabecular bone was observed in 100 (74.1%), osteosclerosis 104 (77.0%), defect in the cortical bone 116 (85.9%), sequestrum 36 (26.7%), and periosteal reaction 67 (49.6%). Conclusion : Of our cases, the maxillary osteomyelitis was visibly observed more frequently in females than males. The incidence is the highest in seventies (28.8%) and the lowest in teens (3.1%). The osteomyelitis of the jaws was observed more frequently in males than females before the age of 50, and observed more frequently in females after the age of 50. The most noticeable point was that the sequestrum was observed more often on maxillary osteomyelitis and the periosteal reaction was observed more often on mandibular osteomyelitis. (Korean J Oral Maxillofac Radiol 2009; 39 : 163-8)

Mori 체계의 이해

崔尙惇,金泰縣,安琮準,李相錫,崔昌鎬 경북대학교 과학교육연구소 1989 科學敎育硏究誌 Vol.13 No.-

Heuristic understanding of Mori's problem is introduced

"Organization Development: A Reflective Statement and a Feld Survey"

崔昌鉉 관동대학교 1996 關大論文集 Vol.24 No.2

Organization development is a field that is rapidly changing as new knowledge accumulates. Thus there seems to be some disagreement about the nature and scope of OD. As a matter of fact, there is no single definition of OD with which everyone would agree. The history of Western civilization since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution has been toward the surrender of more and more freedom to the evermore constraining organization. OD has had as its primary purpose the redress of the balance toward more freedom for the individual. In that contest, many OD'ers were organizational anarchists. This article performed a field survey of The Program Planning and Management Group of the New York State Transportation Department, and came to the following conclusion. Even thought the alchemists were firmly convinced that it was possible to accelerate what they believed to be a natural process of metamorphosis by way of an elaborately orchestrated set of laboratory procedures, and to transform lead into gold. In OD process, the disillusionment of the alchemic process should be avoided.

국가간 협치(governance)의 실증적 비교분석

최창현 서울대학교 행정대학원 2003 行政論叢 Vol.41 No.3

이제까지 협치(govemance)에 관해 많은 논문이 나온 것만큼이나 그 개념 및 관점이 다양하다. 개념 및 관점의 다양성으로 인해 이론형성의 공고성에 의문이 제기되기도 한다. 따라서 협치 개념이 지니는 다양성과 다차원성을 분석적으로 이해한다면 개념의 혼란을 줄일 수 있다. 먼저 협치에 대한 개념의 정의 및 여러 관점을 살펴보고 국가 중심의 협치의 내용을 살펴본다. 이제까지의 협치에 대한 연구는 개념의 조작화 시도가 결여된 채로 협치 개념에 대한 논의와 이론 모형의 정립에 국한되어 왔다. 이 글에서는 협치 개념을 측정하기 위한 개념의 조작화를 소개한다. 조작화한 여섯 가지의 협치 지표를 활용하여 협치의 확인적 인자분석(confirmatory factor analysis)을 통해 엽치 개념의 구성인자를 검증한다. 확인적 적합도검증결과 3인자 모형이 가정 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 즉 협치 개념이 시민의 참여와 책임성, 정치적 안정성과 무폭력으로 구성된 시민참여라는 인자와 정부효과성, 규제의 질로 구성된 정부정책이라는 인자, 그리고 법치, 부패의 통제로 구성 된 법·제도라는 인자 등의 세 개의 인자로 구성되어 있다. 이 글에서는 적합도 검증결과에 입각하여 협치를 세 개의 인자로 보고, 변량분석 들을 통한 협치의 국가간 비교분석을 실시한 결과 아시아 국가·선진국·기타 국가군은 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 이러한 연구결과가 시사하는 정책적인 함의는 규칙기반 협치를 시행하는 선진국가군은 관계기반 협치를 시행하는 아시아 국가군이나 기타 국가군에 비에 더 좋은 협치를 한다고 볼 수 있다. Just as much articles on governance has been published until now, so many diversities exist in the concepts and perspectives of governance. Due to these diversities in the concepts and perpectives of governance, questions on the robustness in the formation of theory on governance can be raised. We could reduce the confusions in governance concept if we were able to understand the diversitied and multidimensionality in governance concept. First of all, this paper takes a look at various concepts and diverse views on national level of governance. Reaearches on governance so far have been restricted to those of difinitions and theories without attemptiog to operationalize the concept of governance. In this paper operationalization of governance concept is introduced. Utilizing the six operationalized governance indicators, component factors of governance are tested by confirmatory factor analysis. The test result of confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the 3-factor model is the most appropriate ane. In other words the concept of governance is made up of such three factors as citizen participation, government policy, and law and institution. In this resrarch comparative ANOVA analysis among nations are performed, assuming that givernance is composed of three factors based on the confirmatory factor analysis. The results of the analysis show that there is a statistically sugnificant difference among Asian nations, developed countries and other nation cluster. The policy implications of the research results are that developed countries with rule-based governance are better than other clusters with relation-based governance in terms of governance.

MANDATEISSUESIN THE CONTEXT OF REAGAN'S NEW FEDERALISM

崔昌鉉 관동대학교 1995 關大論文集 Vol.23 No.2

Reagan administration's new direction to health and human services can be epitomized as the end of the "Big Brother" approach. It is worthwhile to determine what belongs to the national resolution and what programs are by their nature susceptible to local control. This is the issue of national interest versus local needs. According to Dillon's Rule, local governments an creatures of the states and possess only those powers that states grant them. State legislatures, consequently, are deeply involved in local legislation in such areas as law enforcement and health. Home rule has been one means sought by cities to give them increasing independence from state government by allowing cities to provide services and change governmental organization as they wish. In principle, home rule means self-government. Considering the significance of the political and operational issues surrounding mandate, the effectiveness of IGR depends partly on increased attention on this. It seems that NYS is paying heed to this matter, however, further effort is still required.

정부조직연구에 공동체 생태학이론의 적용가능성

최창현,박상규 서울대학교 행정대학원 2001 行政論叢 Vol.39 No.1

정부조직의 부처이기주의(departmentalism)는 부처팽창주의 혹은 부처제국주의라고 할 만큼 역기능적이다. 이러한 측면은 행정의 대응성의 결여로 나타날 수밖에 없다. 본 연구는 이러한 비합리적 측면의 극복을 공동체생태학이론(community ecology theory)에서 탐색하였다. 공동체생태학이론은 사회생태학적 접근방법에 기초하여 공동체의 조직들이 엽합하여 취하는 전략적 행위를 분석하는 연구 틀이다. 이러한 분석은 조직의 적응형태를 개별 조직의 입장에서가 아니라 공동체에 기초하는 것이며, 공동체 전략개념의 유용성을 제시하는 것이다. 정부의 부처조직을 분절된 조직이라고 볼 때, 분절된 조직에서도 공동체적 전략은 일련의 단계를 거쳐서 진화해 갈 수 있다는 측면은 중요한 함의를 가진다. 편리공색적 관계든 상리공생적 관계든 한 쌍으로 이루어지는 협력적 형태로부터 출발하는 것은 단계I이며, 이러한 협력적 행태가 수많은 부서간 반복되어질때는 단계Ⅱ, 협력이 군집수준에서 이루어질 때는 단계Ⅲ, 마지막으로 이러한 과정이 개체군 전체에 파급되어 공동체적 전략이 창발되는 것은 단계Ⅳ이다. 한편, 공동체 전략의 진화메카니즘은 각 단계별로 구분되어진다. 분절된 조직에서 공동체 전략의 진화는 단계Ⅰ 수준에서는 positive-sum game이 이루어지는 환경에서 한 쌍으로 이루어지는 협력이 시작되며, 모방적 적응이나 경쟁적 선택 그리고 구조적 동질화과정을 통하여 단계Ⅱ 수준으로 진화한다. 단계Ⅱ와 단계Ⅲ 중간의 임계군 (critical mass) 수준으로 이러한 협력적 행태가 진화되어지면 군락화 (colonization)단계를 거쳐 개체군 전체로 협력적 행태가 창발되는 것이다. 따라서 본 연구는 관련부서의 주도적이며 의도적인 개입없이 부서수준의 행태가 개체군 수준으로 창도되며 변형되어지는 메카니즘이 존재한다는 사실에 주목하여 이러한 메카니즘을 정부조직연구에 도입 적용하였다. 이러한 노력은 향후 정부조직의 협력적 행태의 진화정도를 진단하여 다음 단계로의 진화를 위한 메카니즘을 활성화 시킴으로써 정부조직 내 부처이기중의를 극복하는 함의를 이끌어 낼 수 있었다.

브루셀라균에 노출된 미생물 검사실 직원들에 대한 예방적 항생제 요법과 혈청학적 추적검사

이창섭,이혜수,이재현,박진희,최영실,황규잠,이흥범 대한감염학회 2008 감염과 화학요법 Vol.40 No.2

The aerozolization is one of possible Brucella transmission mechanisms, particularly in air-borne exposed laboratory workers. In this study, seven laboratory workers were potentially exposed to B. abortus via aerosols. Two laboratory workers who sniffed an agar plate several times were considered to be at high risk for acquiring the disease, 5 workers who did not work directly with the strain were be considered at low risk of infection. Prophylactic antibiotics of doxycycline 200 mg/day and rifampin 600 mg/day were offered for 6 weeks in high risk workers and 3 weeks for low risk workers respectively. Enrolled workers were advised to check for serological testing of Brucella species every 3 weeks during a total period of 12 weeks. Compliance with taking medicine was 57.1% (4/7) and compliance for completing the serological tests was 85.7% (6/7). None of the laboratory workers developed clinical disease or tested positive serologically during 3 months of seroloaical testing and 1 year of clinical follow-up.

이식신의 분절성 사구체경화

정현주,오창권,김건욱,김유선,박기일,최인준 大韓移植學會 1994 Korean Journal of Transplantation Vol.8 No.1

알루미늄과 헤테로폴리산으로 개질된 메조포러스 실리카 상에서의 AKD 합성

김현국,우창수,최재석,박민태,이병민,이호인 한국공업화학회 2003 응용화학 Vol.7 No.1

AKD(alkyl ketene dimer) used widely as a neutral sizing agent is produced industrially by halogenization of stearic acid followed by dimerization of alkyl ketene. In the present work, to suppress the byproduct of hydrochloric acid and to improve reaction pathway. AKD was prepared through of ketene intermediate by dehydration of stearic acid in gas phase using reaction with silanol on silica as active sites of the catalyst SBA-15 showed the highest activity due to the large and open tubular pores. It was found that main products were dimer and trimer. Our goal of the present work was to increase of the selectivity for the dimer.