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Regioselective Synthesis of 1,3‐ and 1,2‐Tocopheryl Glyceride Ethers of Carboxylic Acids
Choi, Bo Seul,Choi, Jeongae,Bak, Seonyoung,Koo, Sangho WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2015 European journal of organic chemistry Vol.2015 No.3
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>A regioselective synthetic method with which to access 1,3‐tocopheryl glyceride ethers <B>2</B> of diverse carboxylic acids was developed through Bu<SUB>4</SUB>NBr‐catalyzed ring‐opening of tocopheryl glycidyl ether <B>1</B>. Steglich esterification of the 1,3‐tocopheryl acetyl‐glyceride ether <B>2a</B> with various carboxylic acids, followed by selective deprotection of 3‐acetate by LiEt<SUB>3</SUB>BH reduction at –78 °C constitutes a regioselective synthetic method of 1,2‐tocopheryl glyceride ethers <B>4</B>. An example of the differing self‐assembled behavior of phosphorylcholine derivatives <B>6c</B> and <B>7c</B> of 1,3‐ and 1,2‐tocopheryl stearoyl‐glyceride ethers in aqueous solution is also described.</P>
Moon-Bo Choi,Gab-Sue Jang,Seul-Ong Kim,Tae-Su Kim,Gwan-Ik Gwon,Jeong-Kyu Kim,Jong-Wook Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2013 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.04
This study selected 10 species commonly emerging in Busan and Daegu showing distinct green structure distributions, and distribution differences were mapped and analyzed according to city of origin. As for G-IS (Green-Inhabiting Species) of both cities, there were six species, including V. mandarinia, V. ducalis, V. crabro flavofasciata, Vl. koreensis koreensis, Pa. indica, and P. snelleni, which mostly inhabited urban source green and satellite green structures. As for GU-IS (Green & Urban-Inhabiting Species), there were two species, V. simillima simillima and V. analis parallela, which nested at diverse sites and showed greater preference for green structures. On the other hand, U-IPS (Urban-Inhabiting Preference Species) consisted of two species, V. velutina nigrithorax and P. rothneyi koreanus, which nested at almost all sites, including urban and urban green areas, and were found to adapt well to an urban environment based on their far higher rate of urban nesting as compared to GU-IS species. In comparing emergence rates among the four urban GU-IS and U-IPS species in Busan and Daegu, regular distribution was mostly observed within the city of Busan, which is well equipped with a green network, whereas Daegu, which lacks green structure connectivity, showed its greatest distribution of species nearby urban green areas. Also this study shows that in Daegu with longer distance between green, U-IPS emerged up to far site beyond green areas as compared to Busan, which has short distances between green areas.
Lee, Seul Ah,Moon, Sung-Min,Choi, Yun Hee,Han, Seul Hee,Park, Bo-Ram,Choi, Mi Suk,Kim, Jae-Sung,Kim, Yong Hwan,Kim, Do Kyung,Kim, Chun Sung Elsevier 2017 BIOMEDICINE AND PHARMACOTHERAPY Vol.93 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P> <I>Codium fragile</I> (Suringar) Hariot has been used in Oriental medicine for the treatment of enterobiasis, dropsy, and dysuria and has been shown to have various biological effects. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of aqueous extract of <I>C. fragile</I> (AECF) using <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I> models. Nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E<SUB>2</SUB> (PGE<SUB>2</SUB>), inflammatory-related mRNAs, and proteins were determined using the Griess assay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and western blotting, respectively. Our results indicate that pretreatment of cells with AECF (50, 100 and 200μg/mL) significantly inhibited LPS-induced secretion of NO and PGE<SUB>2</SUB> in RAW264.7 cells without cytotoxicity. We also found that AECF (100 and 200μg/mL) inhibited LPS-induced inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, pretreatment of cells with AECF (100 and 200μg/mL) inhibited LPS-induced production of inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6. It also prevented the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB by suppressing the phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitor of NF-κB (IκB)-α. Furthermore, AECF (100 and 200μg/mL) inhibited the phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38. In addition, orally administered 50, 100, and 200mg/kg body weight of AECF dose-dependently suppressed carrageenan-induced rat paw edema thickness by 6%, 31%, and 50% respectively, after 4h. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory effect was comparable to that observed in animals treated with the standard drug diclofenac sodium (56%) <I>in vivo</I>. Collectively, our results suggest that AECF exerts potential anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing NF-κB activation and MAPKs pathways <I>in vitro</I>, as well as inhibiting carrageenan-induced rat paw edema thickness <I>in vivo</I>. These findings indicate that AECF could be further developed as an anti-inflammatory drug.</P>
예측 사격과 난전을 통하여 논스톱 액션을 추구하는 실시간 네트워크 쿼터뷰 대전 게임 서버 구현
최흘(Heul Choi),최현호(Hyun-Ho Choi),이보영(Bo-Young Lee),김형근(Hyung-Geun Kim),서정민(Jeong-Min Seo),이승윤(Seung-Yoon Lee),김슬기(Seul-Gi Kim),김영은(Young-En Kim),신보람(Bo-Ram Shin),이창헌(Chang-Heon Lee),강명주(Myung-Ju Kang) 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2014 한국컴퓨터정보학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.22 No.2
본 논문에서는 예측사격과 난전을 통하여 논스톱 액션을 추구하는 게임서버를 구현한다. 게임 서버를 구현하기 위하여 상용 엔진인 ProudNet과 Unity3D를 사용했으며, ProudNet은 강력한 상용 네트워크 엔진이며 Unity3D와 쉽게 데이터 통신을 할 수 있게 해준다. 클래스 다이어그램과 구성도를 통하여 예측 사격과 난전을 통하여 논스톱 액션을 추구하는 게임 서버 개발 방법을 제안한다.
Seul Ah Lee,Mi Suk Choi,Bo-Ram Park,Jin-Soo Kim,Chun Sung Kim 대한구강생물학회 2021 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.46 No.4
Nypa fruticans Wurmb (NFW) contains a large amount of phenolic acid and flavonoids, and is popular as a superfood in Myanmar. NFW has various biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and neuroprotective properties; however, the anti-cancer effect of NFW have not been reported. In this study, we investigated the anticancer activity of water extracts of NFW (WeNFW) and the underlying mechanism in human FaDu hypopharyngeal squamous carcinoma cells. The WeNFW inhibited FaDu cell growth in a dose-dependent manner without affecting normal cells (L929), as determined by an MTT assay and Live and Dead assay. In addition, the concentrations of WeNFW without cytotoxicity (0.025, 0.05, and 0.1 mg/mL) inhibited wound healing and colony formation. Furthermore, WeNFW significantly induced apoptosis through the proteolytic cleavage of caspase-3 and -9, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, and downregulation of Bcl-2 and upregulation of Bax in FaDu cells, as determined by DAPI staining, FACS analysis, and western blot analysis. Taken together, these results suggest that WeNFW exhibits potent anti-cancer effects by suppressing the growth of oral cancer cells, wound healing and colony formation activity. Via mitrochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathways in human FaDu hypopharyngeal squamous carcinoma cells. Therefore, WeNFW can provide a natural chemotherapeutic drug for oral cancer in humans.
Growth Pattern of the Neo-Aorta after Arterial Switch Operation during Childhood
Seul Gi Cha,Jae Suk Baek,Jeong Jin Yu,Young-Hwue Kim,Bo Sang Kwon,Eun Seok Choi,Chun Soo Park,Tae-Jin Yun 대한심장학회 2021 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.51 No.1
Background and Objectives: Neo-aortic root dilatation (ARD) and annular dilatation (AAD) tend to develop after arterial switch operation (ASO). However, the trend of neo-aortic growth has not been well established. This paper aims to identify this trend, its associated factors, and predictors of neo-aortic dilatation after ASO. Methods: We analyzed the growth trend of the neo-aortic root, annulus, and sinotubular junction (STJ) z-scores using random coefficients model and the risk factors affecting neo-aortic dilatation in 163 patients who underwent ASO from 2006 to 2015. Results: Among 163 patients, 41 had a ventricular septal defect, and 11 had Taussig-Bing (TB) anomaly. The median follow-up duration was 6.61 years. The increased in the neo-aortic root z-score was different between the trapdoor and non-trapdoor coronary artery transfer techniques (0.149/year, p<0.001 vs. 0.311/year, p<0.001). Moreover, the neo-aortic annulus and STJ z-score significantly increased over time after ASO (0.067/year, p<0.001; 0.309/year, p<0.001). Pulmonary artery banding (PAB) was rather a negative affecting factor. The probabilities of freedom from ARD, AAD, and neo-aortic STJ dilatation at 10 years after ASO were 33.4%, 53.9%, and 65.4%. Neo- aortic regurgitation within 1 year was the predictor of ARD, AAD, and neo-aortic STJ dilatation. TB anomaly, PAB, and native pulmonary sinus z-score were other predictors for ARD. Conclusion: The growth of neo-aortic root, annulus, and STJ after ASO was greater than somatic growth during childhood. The coronary artery transfer technique affected the growth pattern of the neo-aortic root.
설정현,최원희,김정철,홍정수,서동보 大韓成形外科學會 1992 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.19 No.4
We studied the bone forming capacity of the various bone substitute materials for the confirmation of bone regeneration with each case i.e Hydroxyapatite(SURGIBON), kiel obne, B.O.P. and bone dust. The bone dust was used for control. In 18 New Zealand white rabbits, four partial thickness bone defects were created on the outer table of parietal bone, which were measured 1.5mm in depth x 8mm in diameter. Bone substitute materials were filled in each bone defect. The animals were sacrified at 2, 4, 6, 8 weeks after taking a plain skull film, and then both macroscopic and microscopic examinations were done. The results were as follows : 1. Hydroxyapatite : good bone regeneration with moderately increased eosinophil. 2. KIEL BONE : no bone regeneration and markedly increased eosinophil. 3. B.O.P. : no evidence of bone growth during postoperative 8 weeks. 4. BONE DUST : persistent osteoblast existed during experimental period, more likely as own bone. We summarized that the hydroxyapatite is a biocompatible matrix implantable as a bone graft substitute and more bone regeneration than other bone substitutes during the experimental period.
Effects of SiO2 Interlayer on Electrical Properties of Al-Doped ZnO Films under Bending Stress
임영수,Seul Gi Seo,Bo Bae Kim,Hyoung-Seuk Choi,서원선,조용수,박형호 대한금속·재료학회 2012 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.8 No.4
We report the effects of an SiO2 interlayer on the structural and electrical properties of Al-doped ZnO (AZO) films grown on polyimide (PI) substrate. By inserting a SiO2 interlayer between the AZO film and the PI substrate, we could control the microstructure of the AZO films. The granule size of the SiO2interlayer was determined strate temperature, and the column width in the AZO film was strongly affected by the initial granule size in the interlayer. In-situ Hall measurement of the AZO films under bending stress was performed for the first time, and flexibility-related electrical properties of the AZO films were discussed.