Evolution of hepatitis B virus mutation during entecavir rescue therapy in patients with antiviral resistance to lamivudine and adefovir.

Choe, Won Hyeok,Hong, Sun Pyo,Kim, Byung Kook,Ko, Soon Young,Jung, Young Kul,Kim, Ji Hoon,Yeon, Jong Eun,Byun, Kwan Soo,Kim, Kyun-Hwan,Ji, Seung Il,Kim, Soo-Ok,Lee, Chang Hong,Kwon, So Young International Medical Press 2009 ANTIVIRAL THERAPY Vol.14 No.7

<P>BACKGROUND: The efficacy of entecavir (ETV) monotherapy in treatment-experienced patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is debatable. METHODS: A total of 22 hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive CHB patients who had shown viral breakthrough or suboptimal response with lamivudine (3TC) and adefovir disoproxil (ADV) therapy were treated with 1.0 mg of ETV. Clinical and virological parameters were monitored every 3 months. Restriction fragment mass polymorphism assays were used to detect antiviral resistance. RESULTS: During 3TC and ADV therapy, 11 patients had rtM204V/I mutations, 2 had rtA181V/T or rtN236T, 7 had both and 2 had no 3TC- or ADV-related mutations. After switching to ETV monotherapy, the median change in serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA level was -2.1 log(10) copies/ml. Virological response (HBV DNA<300 copies/ml) was achieved in 1 of 18 patients with pre-existing rt204 mutations, whereas it was achieved in all 4 patients without pre-existing rt204 mutations regardless of the presence of rt181 or rt236 mutations. Changes in mutational patterns during ETV therapy showed that rt204 mutations persisted or re-emerged. Relative abundances of rtM204V/I mutations in total viral populations gradually increased under ETV rescue, whereas those with rtA181V/T and rtN236T mutations decreased. ETV resistance mutations (rtL180M+rtT184I/L[rtS202G]+rtM204V) were detected in five patients with pre-existing rt204 mutations. CONCLUSIONS: ETV monotherapy resulted in a limited virological response in patients who had previously failed 3TC and ADV rescue therapy. The limited efficacy might be associated with residual or reselected rtM204V/I mutations leading to ETV resistance. Combination treatment including potent antiviral agents should be recommended for patients with pre-existing rtM204V/I mutations.</P>

Impact of Education on School Nurses’ Knowledge of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Eun Soo Kim,Ki Tae Kwon,Sung Kook Kim,Miyoung Kim,Hyun Seok Lee,Byung Ik Jang,Kyeong Ok Kim,Eun Young Kim,Yoo Jin Lee,Suk Jin Hong,Chang Heon Yang,Ben Kang,Byung-Ho Choe,Crohn’s and Colitis Associatio 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2019 Gut and Liver Vol.13 No.1

Background/Aims: School nurses’ knowledge of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has not been evaluated. We aimed to investigate school nurses’ knowledge of IBD and determine whether education could improve this knowledge. Methods: School nurses were invited to complete self-reported questionnaires on IBD. Then, IBD specialists from tertiary referral hospitals provided a 60-minute lecture with educational brochures on two occasions, with a 3-month interval. Within 6 months after the educational interventions, school nurses were asked to complete the same IBD questionnaire via e-mail. Results: Among 101 school nurses who were invited to participate, 54 nurses (53.5%) who completed two consecutive questionnaires were included in this study (median age, 45 years; range, 25 to 59 years; 100% female); 11.1% and 7.4% of the study participants had no knowledge regarding ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, respectively. They had heard of IBD most frequently from doctors (33.3%), followed by internet sources (25.9%). After 6 months, the number of nurses who could explain IBD to students with over 30% confidence increased from 24 (44.5%) to 42 (77.8%) (p<0.001). Most nurses (81.5%) reported that the educational intervention was helpful for managing students with abdominal pain or diarrhea. The number of students who received IBD-related welfare services from the Daegu Metropolitan Office of Education doubled when compared with the corresponding number during the prior educational year. Conclusions: There is room for improvement in school nurses’ knowledge of IBD. A systematic educational program on IBD should be implemented for these nurses.

Study on antimicrobial activity of natural preservatives and effect of cosmetic formulation on antimicrobial activity

Eun Young Choi,In Hee Ok,Jin Sung Lee,Tae Boo Choe 한국생물공학회 2007 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2007 No.4

Real-time PCR assay for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in formalin-fixed tissue

( Jung Ok Park ),( Ho Eun Chang ),( Kyoung Un Park ),( Ghee Young Choe ),( Hye Seung Lee ) 대한임상병리사협회 2007 조직세포검사학회 발표자료집 Vol.2007 No.-

Background: Sensitive and specific detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in clinical specimens are important for the diagnosis and management of patients with tuberculosis. Methods: A total of 78 cases were collected group 1 (53 cases) showed histologic findings suggesting tuberculosis, but acid fast bacillus (AFB) stain-negative and MTBPCR-negative; group 2 (10 cases) showed AFB stain-positive, but MTBPCR-negative; group 3 (15 cases) was histologically mimicking tuberculosis, but clinicopathologically had other causes such as cancer necrosis,abscess and parasitic infection. Real-time PCR based on senX3-regX3 intergenic region was performed using hydrolysis probe (TaqMan probe), and medical records were reviewed for the AFB culture results. Results: In group 1, 17 of 53 cases (32%) were positive for MTB complex by real time PCR. MTB was detected in 8 of 21 lung tissue specimens (38.1%), 3 of 8 intestinal biopsy specimens (37.5%), and 2 of 6 bone biopsy specimens (33.3%). AFB culture results could be available in 37 cases, and non-tuberculous Mycobacterium (NTM) grew in 4 cases (10.8%). In group 2, we could not detect MTB in all 10 cases using real-time PCR, but NTM was cultured in 4 cases and AFB other than Mycobacterium was suspicious in 2 cases. In group 3, all 15 cases were negative for MTB real-time PCR. Totally, AFB culture was performed in 48 cases and NTM was cultured in 8 cases. Of these 8 cases, discrete caseous necrosis was found in 5 cases.

연구논문 : 인천 일부지역 중학생의 아침식사 식품 섭취 실태 및 선호도

이은옥 ( Eun Ok Lee ),이은희 ( Eun Hee Lee ),최은옥 ( Eun Ok Choe ) 한국식품조리과학회(구 한국조리과학회) 2013 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.29 No.5

This study surveyed food intake and preferences for breakfast among 167 male and 152 female middle school students in Incheon. Most students were in a normal range with respect to body mass index (BMI; 18~22.9). Most of the students spent 10~20 minutes to finish their breakfast, and female students skipped breakfast more frequently than male students, with major reasons of not being able to spend enough time for breakfast and low appetite. Steamed rice(bap) was the most frequently consumed food for breakfast. Students ate vegetables and fruits for breakfast the most frequently, followed by milk and milk products, meat, fish, egg and beans, and cereals. The most frequently consumed food among protein sources was eggs. Male students had foods except vegetables and fruits more frequently than female students for their breakfast. Female students were more highly aware of the importance of breakfast on their health than male students. Preference on different food groups was significantly higher in male students than female students except vegetable salad and fruit juices. The results suggest that breakfast skipping of middle school students can be reduced by aggressively reflecting food preferences of the students to breakfast menu and appropriate nutritional education for students and their mothers.

농촌지역 폐경후 여성의 골밀도 변화에 영향을 미치는 식이 요인 연구

최정숙(Choe, Jeong Sook),안은미(Ahn, Eun Mi),권성옥(Kwon, Sung Ok),박영희(Park, Young Hee),이진영(Lee, Jinyoung) 한국영양학회 2012 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.45 No.5

This study was conducted to investigate dietary factors, bone status, and bone loss in postmenopausal women in rural areas. A total of 189 women participated in the follow-up study after two years. Radius, Tibia, and Phalanx SOS (Speed of Sound) was measured on two occasions 2 years apart by ultra-sonic-metry, and % body fat was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis at the baseline and after 2years. Dietary intake data were collected 4 times at different season by 24-hour recall method, and then calculated as average. Bone density of radius decreased by 4.2% during the two year period. When the subjects were divided into three groups, by bone decline level during two years, the lowest bone loss group had higher potassium and vegetable intake than other groups. Age and calcium intakes showed significant correlation with bone decline rate at tibia. In multiple regressions, the baseline SOS, vitamin A, vegetables and eggs intakes were found to be significant factors for tibia bone decline. In conclusion, dietary factors, such as higher vegetable intake, seem to affect the changes in bone mineral density in more favorable way. Therefore, efforts are needed to enhance the access to nutritional care for rural elderly postmenopausal women. (Korean J Nutr 2012; 45(5): 470 ~ 478)

튀김유에 첨가된 산화방지제가 라면의 저장 중 Flavor 화합물 생성에 미치는 영향

최은옥(Eun-Ok Choe),이영수(Young-Soo Lee),최수복(Soo-Bok Choi) 한국식품과학회 1993 한국식품과학회지 Vol.25 No.5

들깨의 발아가 들깨지방질의 특성에 미치는 영향

최은옥 ( Eun Ok Choe ),황현숙 ( Hyun Suk Hwang ) 한국식품조리과학회(구 한국조리과학회) 2011 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.27 No.3

Color, lipid and fatty acid composition, and tocopherols and polyphenols contents of perilla seed lipids in response to seed germination were studied. Perilla seeds were germinated at 30℃ in the dark for 12, 36, or 48 h, after which total lipids were extracted by the Folch method using chloroform and methanol (2:1, v/v). Seed germination resulted in a decrease in yellowness and greenness in perilla seed lipids, but there were no significant changes in composition of the lipids including major neutral lipids (>90%). Contents of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine in the perilla seed lipids significantly increased in response to germination. Linolenic acid (>63%) was the most abundant fatty acid. Seed germination tended to decrease the relative content of linolenic acid and increase the contents of oleic and stearic acids. Contents of antioxidants, especially α-tocopherol and polyphenols, increased in response to seed germination. As the germination period was extended, the antioxidant content increased. Therefore, increases in useful components, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, α-tocopherol, and polyphenols contents by seed germination can contribute to the improvement of perilla seed utilization in food industry.

여과 및 원심 분리가 참기름의 산화 안정성에 미치는 영향

최은옥(Eun Ok Choe),문수연(Soo Yeun Moon) 한국응용생명화학회 1994 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.37 No.3

Effects of filtration and centrifugation on they oxidative stabilities of sesame oils during storage at 70℃ were studied by combination of determining peroxide values and conjugated dienoic acid values of oils and measuring the hexanal formation using headspace gas chromatography. Crude sesame oil from roasted seeds contained more free fatty acids, conjugated dimes, and metals (Fe, Cu, Mg and Zn); on the other hand, higher contents of moisture and γ-tocopherol were found in the filtered or centrifuged oil. Only filtered oil contained more peroxides than the crude oil in spite of the color advantage of the highest L and b values among three oils. All the oils showed the tendency of increasing in total color difference during storage at 70℃, fatty acid compositions were relatively constant except for decreasing tendency of linoleic acid in filtered oil. No significant difference at 1% in the oxidative stabilities was observed between centrifuged oil and crude oil with higher susceptibility to the oxidation in the filtered oil. Centrifuged sesame oil was the best in the aspect of both oxidative stability and the oil color.

분유의 유지 산화안정성

최은옥(Eun Ok Choe),차준환(Joon Hwan Cha) 한국응용생명화학회 1995 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.38 No.3

Oxidative stabilities of fat in DHA(cis-4.7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid)-added dry milk and ordinary dry milk during storage were studied by determining thiobarbituric acid values of samples. Two kinds of milk powder samples were purchased in the local supermarket and 2±0.05 g of samples were transferred into serum bottles, which were stored under the light or under dark. The oxidation of fat in DHA-added milk powder was higher than that of fat in ordinary milk powder and the acceleration was more evident in the presence of light. Light and unsaturated fats accelerated synergistically oxidation of milk fat. Addition of DABCO(diazabicyclooctane), which is an efficient singlet oxygen quencher, significantly decreased the photooxidation of milk fat. This result clearly suggested that ringlet oxygen oxidation (Type Ⅱ reaction) was involved in the system. Deceleration of milk fat oxidation by DABCO was higher in the DHA-added milk powder.