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Characterization of effector memory CD8+ T cells in the synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis.
Cho, Bon-A,Sim, Ji Hyun,Park, Ji Ah,Kim, Hye Won,Yoo, Wan-Hee,Lee, Seung-Hyun,Lee, Dong-Sup,Kang, Jae Seung,Hwang, Young-Il,Lee, Wang Jae,Kang, Insoo,Lee, Eun Bong,Kim, Hang-Rae Springer 2012 Journal of clinical immunology Vol.32 No.4
<P>Little is known about the cellular characteristics of CD8(+) T cells in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We addressed this by investigating whether the frequency of the CD8(+) T cell subsets and their phenotypic characteristics are altered in the peripheral blood and synovial fluid (SF) from patients with RA. In this study, CD8(+) T cells, mainly CD45RA(-) effector memory (EM) CD8(+) T cells, were increased significantly in the SF, but not in the peripheral blood from RA patients, compared with healthy controls. The synovial EM CD8(+) T cells were activated phenotypes with high levels of CD80, CD86, and PD-1, and had a proliferating signature in vivo upon Ki-67 staining, whereas the Fas-positive cells were prone to apoptosis. In addition, EM CD8(+) T cells in the SF were less cytotoxic, as they expressed less perforin and granzyme B. In particular, the proportions of synovial fluid mononuclear cells that were CCR4(+)CD8(+) T cells and IL-4-producing CD8(+) T cells (i.e., Tc2 cells) were significantly higher than those in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with RA and healthy controls. In addition, the number of IL-10-producing CD8(+) suppressor T (Ts) cells increased significantly in the SF of RA patients. Especially, CD8(+) T cells were inversely correlated with disease activity. These findings strongly suggest that EM CD8(+) T cells in the SF are increased, likely because of inflammation, and they may be involved in modulating inflammation, thereby affecting the development and progression of RA.</P>
Cho, Uk-Rae,Cha, Wang-Cheol,Park, Joung-Ho,Shin, Ho-Jeon,Kim, Jae-Cheol The Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrica 2015 조명·전기설비학회논문지 Vol.29 No.2
This paper presents a method of controlling a three-phase VSI (Voltage Source Inverter) using MPC (Model Predictive Control) designed using Laguerre functions. It also provides a model of the three-phase VSI and its resistive-inductive load and then an overview of MPC design using Laguerre functions. The biggest challenge in using MPC is the high number of computations involved, which makes online implementation difficult. On the other hand, the LMPC (Laguerre Model Predictive Control) reduces the number of computations made and so online implementation becomes possible where traditional MPC would be unteneble. The simulation results from MATLAB are also provided.
Wang Hui,Hyun-rae Cho 大田大學校 社會科學硏究所 2017 社會科學論文集 Vol.35 No.2
This paper attempts to study the dependent structure and relationship between Shanghai (securities) Composite Index (SHCI) and Hang Seng Index (HIS) after the Shanghai-Hong Kong Stock Connect program commenced. To deal with the conditional auto-correlation and conditional heteroscedasticity of the sequence of yields, we adopt AR-GJRGARCH-t Model to avoid the influences to parameter estimation and get standardized residuals are independent and identically distributed sequences. The results show that there exits symmetry tail dependence and positive correlation between Shanghai and Hong Kong markets, that would be useful to China's capital market reforming.
Durable Sulfonated Poly(benzothiazole-<i>co</i>-benzimidazole) Proton Exchange Membranes
Wang, Gang,Lee, Kang Hyuck,Lee, Won Hyo,Shin, Dong Won,Kang, Na Rae,Cho, Doo Hee,Hwang, Doo Sung,Zhuang, Yongbing,Lee, Young Moo,Guiver, Michael D. American Chemical Society 2014 Macromolecules Vol.47 No.18
<P>Two series of random sulfonated poly(benzothiazole-<I>co</I>-benzimidazole) polymers (sPBT-BI) with 70% and 60% degree of sulfonation were evaluated as proton exchange membranes. sPBT was also prepared for a comparative study. The mechanical properties of sPBT-BI were greatly enhanced by incorporation of benzimidazole (BI); sPBT-BI70-10 showed a tensile strength of 125 MPa and elongation at break of 38.9%, an increase of 56.5% and 145%, respectively, compared with sPBT. The solubility, dimensional stability, thermal properties, and oxidative stability of sPBT-BI were also improved. The ionic clusters of sPBT-BI membranes in both AFM phase images and TEM images became narrower with increasing amounts of BI while containing the same molar amount of sulfonic acid groups. This resulted in lower dimensional swelling and higher mechanical strength, but the proton conductivity decreased. However, high proton conductivity was achieved by incorporating an appropriate content of BI. PEMFC H<SUB>2</SUB>/air single cell performances and durabilities were improved by incorporation of 5% of BI units in sPBT.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/mamobx/2014/mamobx.2014.47.issue-18/ma501409v/production/images/medium/ma-2014-01409v_0013.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ma501409v'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
An overview of the development of RMB internationalization : from Bust to Boom
Wang Hui,Cho, Hyun-rae 大田大學校 社會科學硏究所 2018 社會科學論文集 Vol.37 No.1
As one of the world's leading economies and largest trading nations, China has been actively promoting the RMB internationalization since reform and opening up. This paper reviews the stages of RMB's free exchange, trade settlement, and the opening of the RMB investment products in the past thirty years, and concludes the historical significance of the period. Combined with the current situation of China's entry into the new financial opening pattern, the trend and main approaches of RMB internationalization in the future are summarized.
Wang, Lingfei,Cho, Myung Rae,Shin, Yeong Jae,Kim, Jeong Rae,Das, Saikat,Yoon, Jong-Gul,Chung, Jin-Seok,Noh, Tae Won American Chemical Society 2016 NANO LETTERS Vol.16 No.6
<P>Ferroelectric tunnel junctions (FTJs) have attracted increasing research interest as a promising Candidate for nonvolatile memories. Recently, significant enhancements Of tunneling electroresistance (TER) have been realized through modifications of electrode materials. However, direct control of the FTJ performance through modifying the tunneling barrier has not been adequately explored. Here, adding a new direction to FTJ research, we fabricated FTJs with BaTiO3 single barriers (SB-FTJs) and BaTiO3/SrTiO3 composite barriers (CB-FTJs) and reported a systematic study of FTJ performances by varying the barrier thicknesses and compositions:, For the SB-FTJs, the TER is limited by pronounced leakage current for ultrathin barriers and extremely small tunneling current for thick barriers. For the CB-FTJs, the extra SrTiO3 barrier provides an additional degree of freedom to modulate the barrier potential and tunneling behavior. The resultant high tunability can be utilized to overcome the barrier thickness limits and enhance the overall CB-FTJ performances beyond those of SB-FTJ. Our results reveal a new paradigm to manipulate the FTJs through functionalities.</P>
차왕철(Wang-Cheol Cha),박정호(Joung-Ho Park),조욱래(Uk-Rae Cho),김재철(Jae-Chul Kim) 한국조명·전기설비학회 2014 조명·전기설비학회논문지 Vol.28 No.10
To solve the problem of conventional fossil energy, utilization of renewable energy is growing rapidly. Solar energy as an energy source is infinite, and a variety of research is being conducted into its utilization. To change solar energy into electrical energy, we need to build a solar power plant. The efficiency of such a plant is strongly influenced by meteorological factors; that is, its efficiency is determined by solar radiation. However, when analyzing observed generation data, it is clear that the generated amount is changed by various factors such as weather, location and plant efficiency. In this paper, we proposed a solar power generation prediction algorithm using geographical factors such as latitude and elevation. Hence, changes in generated amount caused by the installation environment are calculated by curve fitting. Through applying the method to calculate this generation amount, the difference between real generated amount is analyzed.