서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1998)

김재홍,김준호,반재용,이정우,황성주,정준규,정성태,강진문,조흔정,홍창의,정혜신,이한승,김이선,이봉길,이종호,선영우,한기덕,윤성필,이성훈,안종성,박석범,문승현,조항래,김형섭,류지호,황재영,박준홍,손상욱 한양대학교 의과대학 2001 한양의대 학술지 Vol.21 No.1

In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae(PPNG), we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by menas of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. In 1998, 93 strians of N. genorrhoeae were isolated, among which 60(64.5%) were PPNG. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 64.5% in 1998.

Upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 by ginsenoside Ro attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in macrophage cells

Sokho Kim,Myung-Hoon Oh,Bum-Seok Kim,Won-Il Kim,Ho-Seong Cho,Byoung-Yong Park,Chul Park,Gee-Wook Shin,Jungkee Kwon 고려인삼학회 2015 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.39 No.4

Background: The beneficial effects of ginsenoside species have been well demonstrated in a number of studies. However, the function of ginsenoside Ro (GRo), an oleanane-type saponin, has not been suffi- ciently investigated. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of GRo in vitro using the Raw 264.7 mouse macrophage cell line treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and to clarify the possible mechanism of GRo involving heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which itself plays a critical role in self-defense in the presence of inflammatory stress. Methods: Raw 264.7 cells were pretreated with GRo (up to 200mM) for 1 h before treatment with 1 mg/ mL LPS, and both cell viability and inflammatory markers involving HO-1 were evaluated. Results: GRo significantly increased cell viability in a dose dependent manner following treatment with LPS, and decreased levels of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide. GRo decreased inflammatory cytokines such as nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 induced by LPS. Moreover, GRo increased the expression of HO-1 in a dose dependent manner. Cotreatment of GRo with tin protoporphyrin IX, a selective inhibitor of HO-1, not only inhibited upregulation of HO-1 induced by GRo, but also reversed the anti-inflammatory effect of GRo in LPS treated Raw 264.7 cells. Conclusion: GRo induces anti-inflammatory effects following treatment with LPS via upregulation of HO-1.

Upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 by ginsenoside Ro attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in macrophage cells

Kim, Sokho,Oh, Myung-Hoon,Kim, Bum-Seok,Kim, Won-Il,Cho, Ho-Seong,Park, Byoung-Yong,Park, Chul,Shin, Gee-Wook,Kwon, Jungkee The Korean Society of Ginseng 2015 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.39 No.4

Background: The beneficial effects of ginsenoside species have been well demonstrated in a number of studies. However, the function of ginsenoside Ro (GRo), an oleanane-type saponin, has not been sufficiently investigated. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of GRo in vitro using the Raw 264.7 mouse macrophage cell line treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and to clarify the possible mechanism of GRo involving heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which itself plays a critical role in self-defense in the presence of inflammatory stress. Methods: Raw 264.7 cells were pretreated with GRo (up to $200{\mu}M$) for 1 h before treatment with 1 mg/mL LPS, and both cell viability and inflammatory markers involving HO-1 were evaluated. Results: GRo significantly increased cell viability in a dose dependent manner following treatment with LPS, and decreased levels of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide. GRo decreased inflammatory cytokines such as nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 induced by LPS. Moreover, GRo increased the expression of HO-1 in a dose dependent manner. Cotreatment of GRo with tin protoporphyrin IX, a selective inhibitor of HO-1, not only inhibited upregulation of HO-1 induced by GRo, but also reversed the anti-inflammatory effect of GRo in LPS treated Raw 264.7 cells. Conclusion: GRo induces anti-inflammatory effects following treatment with LPS via upregulation of HO-1.

합성골조 외부접합부의 전단변형에 관한 해석

조순호,선성규 광주대학교 산업기술연구소 2002 産業技術硏究 Vol.16 No.-

전편의 실험연구에 이어, 본 논문은 스프링모델을 사용한 합성접합부의 변형해석 모델을 설명하고 있다. 최근 들어 접합부상세에 따른 콘크리트의 구속특성을 고려한 접근방법이 Wight에 의해 제시되어, 이를 조사하였으며, 또한 실험결과와 비교하여 내진성능을 평가하였다. Wight는 변형예측을 위하여 평면응력에 근거한 간단한 해석을 제시하고 있으나, 본 연구의 접합부와는 상이한 구속 및 기하학적 조건을 포함하고 있으므로 구속계수 k_c값의 수정이 요구되었다. 이렇게 하여 예측된 결과는 실험결과와 어느 정도 일치하였다. Further to the companion paper that treats a experimental research carried out as part of this research, various analytical approaches to model the joint deformation based on a series of springs was also examined. Recently, To consider the enhanced characteristics of confined concrete depending on joint details, the procedure and an empirical constant for the enhanced strength suggested by Wight was adopted. The analytical model presented including the joint deformation can be used for the future overall building analyses. Further, modifications for defining the enhanced properties of confined concrete and inclination angles for struts and uniform, stress fields tests are necessary for present tests in predicting the shear versus shear strain response of a joint panel with the Wight's procedure.

구순구개열 환아에서의 치조골이식

조해성,박재홍,김광철,최성철,이긍호,최영철 대한소아치과학회 2007 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.34 No.1

치조파열 및 구개열과 같은 선천성 기형은 이환된 환자에게 기능적, 심미적으로 많은 문제점을 야기하므로 정상으로 회복시켜 주는 것은 중요한 문제이다. 장기간 방치될 경우 영양장애, 구강위생 불량, 호흡기 간염, 언어 장애, 악안면 변형, 그리고 정신적인 문제 등이 복합적으로 발생할 수 있다. 따라서 구순구개열 환자의 치료는 여러 전문 치료 분야의 복합적인 접근이 필요하다. 골이식은 구순구개열 환자에 있어 중요한 치과치료 단계이다. 치아의 맹출과 치열의 안정화를 위해 치열궁은 골격손이 없이 완전해져야 한다. 또한 치열궁의 파열이 있는 부위로는 정상적인 교정적 치아이동이 곤란하다. 따라서 구순구개열 환자에 있어 골이식은 광범위하게 적용되고 있는 외과적 술식이다. 치조골을 이식함으로써 치조열은 안정화되고, 견치 또는 절치가 이식부위로 이동할 수 있게 된다. 그리고 골 이식 후, 교정을 통해 치조열 부위의 공간을 폐쇄함으로써 보철 치료 없이 치열을 재형성할 수 있다. 골이식술에는 다양한 이식재료가 사용되었다. 자가골을 이식할 경우 장골이 가장 선호되며, 그 밖에 경골, 늑골, 두개골, 하악골을 이용하기도 한다. 그리고 골이식은 골이식 시기에 따라 일차골이식, 조기 이차골이식, 이차골이식, 만기 이차골이식으로 구분할 수 있다. 이차골이식은 혼합치열기 말경에 시행되는 것을 말하며 가장 좋은 것으로 받아들여지고 있다. 영구 견치가 맹출되기 전에 이차골이식을 시행하면 인접치아의 맹출과 보존에 도움이 된다. 본 증례에서는 치조구개파열 환자의 장골에서 골을 채취하여 골 이식을 시행한 후, 골이 채워진 이식 부위에 인접 치아가 성공적으로 이동하거나 치축이 개선되고 교정치료를 통해 치열궁 배열의 만족스러운 결과를 얻었기에 이를 보고하는 바이다 Cleft lip and palate are congenital craniofacial malformation. Reconstruction of dental arch in patient with alveolo-palatal clefts is very important, because they have many problems in functions and esthetics. Malnutrition, poor oral hygiene, respiratory infections, speech malfunctions, maxillofacial deformity, and psychological problems may be occured without proper treatment during the long period of management of the cleft lip and palate. So the treatment should be managed with a multidisciplinary approach. Bone grafting is a consequential step in the dental rehabilitation of the cleft lip and palate patient. A complete alveolar arch should be achieved of the teeth to erupt in and to form a stable dentition. And the presence of the cleft complicate the orthodontic treatment. Therefore bone grafting in patients with cleft lip and palate is a widely adopted surgical procedure. Grafted bone stabilizes the alveolar process and allows the canine or incisor to move into the graft site. After the bone grafting, orthodontic closure of the maxillary arch has become a common practice for achieving dental reconstruction without any prosthodontic treatment. Various grafting materials have been used in alveolar clefts. Iliac bone is most widely fovoured, but tibia, rib, cranial bone, mandible have also been used. And according to its time of occurrence, the bone graft may be divided into primary, early secondary, secondary, late secondary. Bone grafting is called secondary when performed later, at the end of the mixed dentition. It is the most accepted procedure and has become part of treatment of protocol. A secondary bone graft is performed preferably before the eruption of the permanent canine in order to provide adequate periodontal support for the eruption and preservation of the teeth adjacent to the cleft. In this report, we report here on a patient with unilateral cleft lip and palate, who underwent iliac bone graft. The cleft was fully obliterated by grafted bone in the region of the alveolar process. The presence of bone permitted physiologic tooth movement and the orthodontic movement of adjacent tooth into the former cleft area. Satisfactory arch alignment could be achieved in by subsequent orthodontic treatment.

서남해안 지방에서 발생한 Vibrio vulnificus 감염의 임상적 고찰

조남수,김춘호,김성중,김용배,조수형,안태훈 大韓應急醫學會 1999 대한응급의학회지 Vol.10 No.2

Background: V. vulnificus infection in found between May and October when the man who has hepatic disorder or immunity disorder eats raw shellfish and it causes the systemic symptoms such as sudden fever, chilling, shock and stupor and local skin lesions like bleb and necrosis. This disease has 46∼61% of fatality rate in spite of intensive treatment. This study conducts the examination of history, epidemic study, ingesting raw fish and bacteriologic investigation in the patients with similar clinical symptoms to the above and examines the diagnostic dorrelations. Method: It is conducted with 31 cases who admitted at emergency medical center of Chosun University Hospital from May of 1995 to September of 1998 and are suspected to have V.vulnificus infection. It analyze bacteriologic examination, the survey of residence, eating raw shellfish, hepatic disorder, alcohol drinking habits and skin lesion. Results: 1) The rate of male and female is 15.5:1 and in the age, 18 cases are in fifties, seven are in forties and six are over sixties. 2) Clinically, V.vulnificus is detected in 20 of 31 cases which is suspected to have V.vulnificus infection and it is not detected in 5 cases. Other bacteria are detected in 6 cases and they include staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas species, β-hemolytic streptococcus and E-coil. 3) In local distribution, Kohung has 10 cases, Shinan and Mokpo have six, Haenam and Kangjin have five, Yongkwang and Muan have five, Naju and Yongam have five and Kwangju has one. 4) Eating fishes and raw shellfishes is found in 31 cases. In the kind of shellfishes, eating raw clam is 10 cases, raw thin-shelled surf calm is 8 cases, raw oyster is 5 cases and sliced raw fish is 4 cases and pickled sea foods are 4 cases. 5) The cases with hepatic disorder are 23 and 15 cases with heavy alcohol drinking Carrier are included. The cases with Diabetic Mellitus are four and those with pulmonary tuberculosis are two. Two cases have not basal diseases. 6) On the opinion of skin lesion, 20 cases show vesicular necrosis, 7 cases have dendriform erythema, 3 cases have papule and one case doesn't show clear skin lesion. Conclusion: When V.vulnificus infection is detected, it is fatal and those who have hepatic disorder or heavy alcohol drinking habit must avoid eating fishes and shellfishes raw in summer. It is important to have emergency treatment for the patient whose V.vulnificus infection is suspected. It is considered that the administration of initial antibiotics is effective by generalizing the clinical symptom, epidemic opinion and patient history even before the results of bacteriologic confirmed.

한국 주요정신장애의 유병률 및 관련요인 : 2006 전국정신질환역학조사

조맹제,장성만,함봉진,정인원,배안,이영문,안준호,원승희,손정우,홍진표,배재남,이동우,조성진,박종익,이준영,김진영,전홍진,이해우 大韓神經精神醫學會 2009 신경정신의학 Vol.48 No.3

Objectives The aims of this study are to estimate the prevalence of the DSM-IV psychiatric disorders in the Korean population using the Korean version of Composite International Diagnostic Interview (K-CIDI), and to compare those with previous studies. Methods The Korean Epidemiologic Catchment Area study Replication (KECA-R) was Conducted between August 2006 and April 2007. The sampling of the subjects was carried out across 12 catchment areas. A multistage, cluster sampling design was adopted. The target Population included all eligible residents aged 181o 64 years. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with the Korean version of Composite International Diagnostic Interview (K-CIDI) based on the DSM-IV (N=6,510, response rate=81.7%). Results A total of 6,510 participants completed the interview. The lifetime and 12-month prevalence rates for all types of DSM-IV disorders were 30.0% and 17.3%, respectively. Those of Specific disorders were as follows : 1) alcohol use disorder, 16.2% and 5.6% ; 2) nicotine use disorder, 9.0% and 6.0% ; 3) specific phobia, 3.8% and 3.4% ; 4) major depressive disorder, 5.6% and 2.5% ; and 5) generalized anxiety disorder, 1.6% and 0.8%. Data relating to nicotine and alcohol use disorder revealed a very high male/female ratio. Mood disorder and anxiety disorder were more prevalent among females than males. Conclusion The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was high. In comparison with other studies, remarkable differences in the distribution of psychiatric disorders across the country and times were observed.

첨가성분에 따른 부가중합 실리콘 인상재의 세포독성에 관한 연구

조리라,고성희,정경호,김경남 대한치과기재학회 2001 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.28 No.3

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of polyvinyl siloxane impression materials and it's components using cell culture techniques. In the cytotoxicity test, using the culture of L929 mouse fibroblast, the degree of gross cytotoxic effects on the cells by changes in the cell morphology was scored for each materials. And the changes in the cell membrane permeability was tested using the agar overlay test. The results were as follows: 1.The effect of Examix impression material had on cell viability by evaluating survival rates was more severe than any other materials and newly added surfactants. 2.NP-4, nonylphenoxy polyethylene ethanol homologs, showed some cytotoxicity than PC-550 and BYK066. 3.In the test of the changes in cell membrane permeability using the agar overlay method, any cytotoxicity was recorded in silicone base groups. 3.In agar overlay test, Examix and NP-4 showed most response index and lysis index. 4.The application of surfactant such as PC-550, NP-4, and BYK066 might be considered relatively biocompatible.

超音波 根管形成法의 根管淨化 效果

趙星浩 慶北大學校 齒科大學 1987 慶北齒大論文集 Vol.4 No.1

著者는 最近 開發된 超音波操作 根管形成法의 根管淨化 效果를 硏究하기 위하여 84 個의 拔去된 永久戰根齒에다 H-file 使用群에서 在來式 方法인 手動式 및 電動式 根管形成法과 空氣振動式 및 超音波 方式을 使用하여, 또 K-reamer 使用群에서는 手動式, 電動式 및 超音波 根管形成法을 사용하여 1分間根管形成後, 實驗한 根管의 根尖으로부터 3㎜ 및 7㎜ 部位에서 切端標本을 採得하여 形成된 根管의 淸潔度 및 殘餘 組織殘渣의 程度와 根管形態를 stereomicroscope로써 觀察한 바 다음의 結果를 얻었다. 1. 齒根端 3㎜ 部位에서 H-file을 使用한 모든 群에서 根管壁의 組織殘渣 혹은 殘餘削片을 남기지만 手動式 및 電動式에서는 다소 많은 量을 남기고 超音波 方法에서는 거의 남기지 않으므로써 超音波 根管形成法의 根管淨化能力이 手動式 및 電動式 方法보다 優秀하였다. (P<0.05, T value 4.6875, 2.8030). 空氣振動式 根管形成法은 手動式보다 淨化能力이 優秀하였고 (P<0.05, T value 2.7059), 電動式보다 優秀하게 나타났으나 統計學的으로 有意한 差는 없었으며 (P>0.05, T value 0.9659), 또한 超音波 根管形成法이 空氣振動式 方式보다 優秀하게 나타났으나 統計學的으로 有意한 差는 없었다. (P>0.05, T value 1.8012) 2. K-reamer를 使用한 方法에의 齒根端 3㎜ 및 7㎜ 部位에서 공히 超音波 根管形成法이 手動式 및 電動式 方法보다 淨化能力이 優秀하게 나타났으나 統計學的으로 有意한 差는 없었다. (P>0.05). 3. H-file을 使用한 齒根端 7㎜ 部位에서 根管淨化能力은 超音波, 空氣振動式, 手動式 및 電動式 方法의 順으로 나타났으나 統計學的으로 有意한 差는 없었다. (P>0.05) In order for studies on the cleansing effects through ultrasonic synergistic system, the author prepared root canals on 84 extracted human permanent single rooted teeth using the traditional method such as hand instrumentation and Giromatic preparation and aforementioned method. In order for comparison of the degree of remnant debris and shape of the prepared root canal, the cross sections of 3mm and 7mm level from the apex were observed under stereomicrosope. Air-driven sonic system was also tested along with the groups of H-file. The followings are the findings; At apical 3 mm level of H-file group, all the methods applied left tissue debris or shaving remnants on the root canal walls. Hand instrumentation and Giromatic preparation left significant amount of remnants debris, but ultrasonic synergistic system left almost none, which proves superior in the ability of cleansing root canal (p<0.05, T value 4.6875, 2.8030). Air-driven sonic system using H-file proved itself superior in the ability of cleansing root canal to hand filing (p<0.05 T value 2.7059) and Giromatic preparation (p>0.05, T value 0.9659). On the other hand, ultrasonic synergistic system showed itself superior to the air-driven sonic system, but there is no significant difference. (p>0.05, T value 1.8012) At both apical 3 mm and 7 mm levels of K-reamer group, ultrasonic synergistic system revealed itself superior in the ability of cleansing root canal to the traditional methods without significant difference. (p>0.05) At apical 7 mm levels of H-file group, the four methods above turned out to be superior in cleansing effectiveness of root canal in the order of Ultrasonic synergistic system, air-driven sonic system, Hand instrumentation and Giromatic preparation, but there are no significant difference between them. (p>0.05).

고온 용융염에서 Fe-Base 합금의 부식거동

조수행,윤기석,임종호,박성원 대한금속재료학회 2004 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.42 No.10

In the development of the advanced spent fuel management process based on the molten salt technology, it is essential to choose the optimum material for the process equipment handling molten salt. The corrosion behaviors of 304 S.S., 321 S.S., 316 LN S.S. and Incoloy 800 H in a molten salt of LiCI-Li₂O were investigated in the temperature range of 650-800℃. The oxide scales consisting of Fe₃O₄i FeCr₂O₄and Cr₂O₃ were formed in the 304 S.S., 321 S.S., 316 LN S.S. and Incoloy 800 H regardless of reaction temperature and time. The order of corrosion rate was Incoloy 800 H < 316 LN S.S. < 321 S.S. < 304 S.S.. Incoloy 800 H showed uniform corrosion behavior, whereas 304 S.S., 321 S.S. and 316 LN S.S. showed intergranular corrosion behavior. Incoloy 800 H with high Ni content exhibited the highest corrosion resistance among the examined alloys. (Received February 27, 2004)