돼지 H-FABP 유전자의 다형성 및 경제 형질과의 연관성 구명

최봉환,김태헌,이지웅,조용민,이혜영,조병욱,정일정 한국동물자원과학회 2003 한국축산학회지 Vol.45 No.5

The purpose of this study was to detect association between genetic variation and economic trait in the porcine heart type fatty acid-binding protein gene as a candidate gene for the traits related with growth and meat quality in pigs. The H-FABP is a 15-kDa protein expressed in several tissues with high demand for fat metabolism such as cardiac and skeletal muscle and lactating mammary gland. H-FABP is small intracellular protein involved in fatty acid transport from the plasma membrane to the site of β-oxidation and/or triacylglycerol or phospholipid synthesis. In this study, H-FABP PCR-RFLP was performed in F_(2) population composed of 214 individuals form an intercross between Korean Native Boars and Landrace sows. PCR products form tow primer sets within H-FABP gene were amplified in 850bp and 700bp. Digestion of PCR products with the restriction digestion enzymes HaeⅢ and Hinf Ⅰ, revealed fragment length polymorphisms(RFL. Ps). The genotype frequencies from H-FABP/HaeⅢ was .29 for genotype DD, .53 for genotype Dd, and .15 for genotype dd, respectively. The genotype frequencies of HH, Hh, and hh from H-FABP(hinf Ⅰ was .38, .41, and .20, respectively, in the population.Relationships between their genotypes and economic traits were estimated. In H-FABP/HaeⅢ locus, there were specific genotypes(Dd and dd) associated with economic traits such as body weight. In H-FABP/Hinf Ⅰ Iocus, Genotypes of HH and Hh associated with growth traits such as body weights at 5, 12, and 30 week of age (p<.05 or p<.001) and back fat thickness, body fat including abdominal and trimmed fat (p<.001) and intramuscular fat(p<.05). The 'H'allele was positivecly associated with gaining of body weight and fatness deposition. In conclusion, a significant association of the H-FABP gene from its genetic variation was found on body weight, intramuscular fat and backfat thickness.

VP2 capsid domain of the H-1 parvovirus determines susceptibility of human cancer cells to H-1 viral infection

Cho, I-R,Kaowinn, S,Song, J,Kim, S,Koh, S S,Kang, H-Y,Ha, N-C,Lee, K H,Jun, H-S,Chung, Y-H Nature America, Inc. 2015 Cancer gene therapy Vol.22 No.5

Although H-1 parvovirus is used as an antitumor agent, not much is known about the relationship between its specific tropism and oncolytic activity. We hypothesize that VP2, a major capsid protein of H-1 virus, determines H-1-specific tropism. To assess this, we constructed chimeric H-1 viruses expressing Kilham rat virus (KRV) capsid proteins, in their complete or partial forms. Chimeric H-1 viruses (CH1, CH2 and CH3) containing the whole KRV VP2 domain could not induce cytolysis in HeLa, A549 and Panc-1 cells. However, the other chimeric H-1 viruses (CH4 and CH5) expressing a partial KRV VP2 domain induced cytolysis. Additionally, the significant cytopathic effect caused by CH4 and CH5 infection in HeLa cells resulted from preferential viral amplification via DNA replication, RNA transcription and protein synthesis. Modeling of VP2 capsid protein showed that two variable regions (VRs) (VR0 and VR2) of H-1 VP2 protein protrude outward, because of the insertion of extra amino-acid residues, as compared with those of KRV VP2 protein. This might explain the precedence of H-1 VP2 protein over KRV in determining oncolytic activity in human cancer cells. Taking these results together, we propose that the VP2 protein of oncolytic H-1 parvovirus determines its specific tropism in human cancer cells.

TmSR-C, scavenger receptor class C, plays a pivotal role in antifungal and antibacterial immunity in the coleopteran insect Tenebrio molitor

Kim, S.G.,Jo, Y.H.,Seong, J.H.,Park, K.B.,Noh, M.Y.,Cho, J.H.,Ko, H.J.,Kim, C.E.,Tindwa, H.,Patnaik, B.B.,Bang, I.S.,Lee, Y.S.,Han, Y.S. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2017 Insect biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.89 No.-

Scavenger receptors (SRs) constitute a family of membrane-bound receptors that bind to multiple ligands. The SR family of proteins is involved in removing cellular debris, oxidized low-density lipoproteins, and pathogens. Specifically, class C scavenger receptors (SR-C) have also been reported to be involved in phagocytosis of gram-positive and -negative bacteria in Drosophila and viruses in shrimp. However, reports are unavailable regarding the role of SR-C in antifungal immune mechanisms in insects. In this study, a full-length Tenebrio molitor SR-C (TmSR-C) sequence was obtained by 5'- and 3'-Rapid amplification of cDNA ends-polymerase chain reaction (RACE-PCR). The TmSR-C full-length cDNA comprised 1671 bp with 5'- and 3'-untranslated regions of 23- and 107-bp, respectively. TmSR-C encodes a putative protein of 556 amino acid residues that is constitutively expressed in all tissues of late instar larvae and 2-day-old adults, with the highest transcript levels observed in hemocytes of larvae and adults. TmSR-C mRNA showed a 2.5-fold and 3-fold increase at 24 and 6 h after infection with Candida albicans and β-glucan, respectively. Immunoassay with TmSR-C polyclonal antibody showed induction of the putative protein in the cytosols of hemocytes at 3 h after inoculation of C. albicans. RNA interference (RNAi)-based gene silencing and phagocytosis assays were used to understand the role of TmSR-C in antifungal immunity. Silencing of TmSR-C transcripts reduced the survivability of late instar larvae at 2 days post-inoculation of C. albicans, Escherichia coli, or Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, in TmSR-C-silenced larvae, there was a decline in the rate of microorganism phagocytosis. Taken together, results of this study suggest that TmSR-C plays a pivotal role in phagocytosing not only fungi but also gram-negative and -positive bacteria in T. molitor.

Interleukin-18, transforming growth factor-β, and vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to primary glomerulonephritis

Choi, H.-J.,Cho, J.-H.,Kim, J.-C.,Seo, H.-J.,Hyun, S.-H.,Kim, G.-H.,Choi, J.-Y.,Choi, H.-J.,Ryu, H.-M.,Cho, J.-H.,Park, S.-H.,Kim, Y.-L.,Han, S.,Kim, C.-D. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2010 Tissue antigens Vol.76 No.4

<P>Several studies have showed an association of gene polymorphisms with the development of glomerulonephritis (GN). We investigated the effects of gene polymorphisms on the development of GN by analyzing polymorphisms in the interleukin (IL)-18, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) genes in Korean patients with primary GN. The study included 146 normal subjects (controls) and 100 patients diagnosed with primary GN by kidney biopsy. The gene polymorphisms A-607C and G-137C in <I>IL-18</I>, C-509T and T869C in <I>TGF-</I>β<I>1</I>, and C-2578A and C405G in <I>VEGF</I> were investigated in DNA extracted from peripheral blood. Significant differences were observed between the GN and control groups in the genotype and allele frequencies of A-607C <I>IL-18</I> and C405G <I>VEGF</I>. The frequencies of the <I>IL-18</I>−607CC genotype [<I>P</I> = 0.001, odds ratio (OR) = 2.473] and the <I>VEGF</I> 405GG genotype (<I>P</I> = 0.001, OR = 2.473) were significantly increased in the GN group. The combination of <I>IL-18</I>−607CC+ and <I>VEGF</I> 405GG+ genotypes had a higher risk for developing GN in comparison with the combination of <I>IL-18</I>−607CC− and <I>VEGF</I> 405GG− genotypes (<I>P</I> < 0.001, OR = 8.642). In the haplotype analysis of the <I>IL-18</I> gene, the CG haplotype was significantly more frequent in the GN group than the control group (61.5% <I>vs</I> 46.9%, <I>P</I> = 0.002). These results show that the −607CC genotype of the <I>IL-18</I> gene and the 405GG genotype of the <I>VEGF</I> gene are associated with susceptibility to and the development of primary GN.</P>

2종 잠열 축열재를 사용하는 축열장치의 열저장성능

이건행(G.H. Lee),김준근(J.K. Kim),조남철(N.C. Cho),오수철(S.C. Ohu),임장순(C.S. Yim) 한국태양에너지학회 1994 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.14 No.1

본 연구에서는 효율적인 열저장 방법으로 주목받고 있는 잠열이용형 축열장치에 2종 축열재 (C_(28)H_(58), Na₄P₂O_7ㆍ10H₂O)의 질량비 (M*)를 각각 0.5, 1.0, 2.0으로 하여 장입한 후 작동유체의 유량 및 온도, 상변화물질의 초기온도를 변화시켰을 경우 사간경과에 따른 상변화물질의 온도분포와 축열량 및 방열량을 비교, 검토하였다.<br/> 열전도율이 큰 피로인산나트륨의 온도분포는 축열초기에 급격히 상승하는 반면, 피로인산나트륨보다 열전도율이 작고 자연대류 열전달이 지배적인 파라핀의 온도분포는 상대적으로 서서히 증가하였고 2종 축열재 중에서 파라핀의 질량이 많을수록 축열량이 크게 나타났다. 그러나 이후 용융이 진행됨에 따라 용융체적이 증가하므로 액상 피로인산나트륨의 열전도율이 액상 파라핀의 열전도율보다 크기 때문에 피로인산나트륨의 질량이 많을수록 축열량이 크게 나타나 질량비 0.5인 경우의 총 축열량은 94 Kcal/㎏으로 질량비가 1.0, 2.0인 경우보다 각각 약 3.3%, 5.6% 정도 크게 나타났다.<br/> 방열 과정에서는 액상 피로인산나트륨의 열전도율이 액상 파라핀의 열전도율보다 약 3배 정도 크기 때문에 피로인산나트륨의 질량이 가장 많은 질량비 0.5인 경우의 방열량이 질량비 1.0, 2.0인 경우보다 크게 나타났다. A new concept of heat storage system using latent heat was proposed for improving the effectiveness of the heat storage. Two kinds of phase change materials (C_(28)H_(58), Na₄P₂O_7ㆍ10H₂O) were inserted into the tubes of the system in order to calculate and, hence, to analyze the mass ratio, temperature distribution, heat recovery quantity and heat release quantity with respect to the flow rate and temperature of the working fluids and initial temperature of PCM.<br/> At early heating process, the temperature distribution of Na₄P₂0_7ㆍ10H₂O rapidly increases, while that of C_(28)H_(58) slowly increases due to lower thermal conductivity and melting points. However, in proceeding of melting process, total heat storage quantity of the case of 0.5-mass ratio is shown to be superior to 1.0, 2.0 mass-ratio by 3.3%, 5.6%, respectively.<br/> In proceeding of melting process, heat transfer rate rapidly increases proportional to mass of Na₄P₂0_7ㆍ10H₂O This is due to that the thermal conductivity of Na₄P₂0_7ㆍ10H₂O is larger than that of C_(28)H_(58) in liquid state. In cooling process, the case of 0.5-mass ratio was superior to any other cases in terms of freezing heat transfer rate. This aspect arises from that the thermal condutivity of Na₄P₂0_7ㆍ10H₂O in liquid state was lager than that of C_(28)H_(58) by three times.

Characterization of Phosphoinositide-3-kinase, Class 3 (PIK3C3) Gene and Association Tests with Quantitative Traits in Pigs

Kim, J.H.,Choi, B.H.,Lim, H.T.,Park, E.W.,Lee, S.H.,Seo, B.Y.,Cho, I.C.,Lee, J.G.,Oh, S.J.,Jeon, J.T. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.12

This study deals with the characterization of porcine PIK3C3 and association tests with quantitative traits. PIK3C3 belongs to the class 3 PI3Ks that participate in the regulation of hepatic glucose output, glycogen synthase, and antilipolysis in typical insulin target cells such as those in the such as liver, muscle system, and fat. On the analysis of full-length mRNA sequence, the length of the PIK3C3 CDS was recorded as 2,664 bps. As well, nucleotide and amino acid identities between human and pig subjects were 92% and 99%, respectively. Five SNPs were detected over 5 exons. We performed genotyping by using a SNP C2604T on exon24 for 145 F$_2$ animals (from a cross between Korean native boars and Landrace sows) by PCR-RFLP analysis with Hpy8I used to investigate the relationship between growth and fat depot traits. In the total association analysis, which doesn' consider transmission disequilibrium, the SNP showed a significant effect (p<0.05) on body weight and carcass fat at 30 weeks of age as well as a highly significant effect (p<0.01) on back fat. In an additional sib-pair analysis, C allele still showed positive and significant effects (p<0.05) on back fat thickness and carcass fat. Moreover, the effects of C allele on the means of within-family components for carcass fat and back fat were estimated as 2.76 kg and 5.07 mm, respectively. As a result, the SNP of porcine PIK3C3 discovered in this study could be utilized as a possible genetic marker for the selection of pigs that possess low levels of back fat and carcass fat at the slaughter weight.

Suppression of hypoxic cell death by APIP-induced sustained activation of AKT and ERK1/2

Cho, D-H,Lee, H-J,Kim, H-J,Hong, S-H,Pyo, J-O,Cho, C,Jung, Y-K Nature Publishing Group 2007 Oncogene Vol.26 No.19

Apaf-1-interacting protein (APIP) was previously isolated as an inhibitor of mitochondrial cell death interacting with Apaf-1. Here, we report a hypoxia-selective antiapoptotic activity of APIP that induces the activation of AKT and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2. Stable expression of APIP in C2C12 (C2C12/APIP) cells suppressed cell death induced by hypoxia and etoposide. Unlike etoposide, however, APIP induces the sustained activation of AKT and ERK1/2 and the phosphorylation of caspase-9 during hypoxia. Inhibition of AKT and ERK1/2 activation by the treatments with phosphatidylinositol 3′-kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)1/2 inhibitors sensitized C2C12/APIP cells to hypoxic cell death and abolished the hypoxia-induced phosphorylation of caspase-9. Further, overexpression of phosphorylation-mimic caspase-9 mutants (caspase-9-T125E and caspase-9-S196D), but not phosphorylation-defective caspase-9 mutants (caspase-9-T125A and caspase-9-S196A), effectively suppressed hypoxia-induced death of C2C12 cells. These results elucidate a novel Apaf-1-independent antiapoptotic activity of APIP during hypoxic cell death, inducing the sustained activation of AKT and ERK1/2 and leading to caspase-9 phosphorylation.Oncogene (2007) 26, 2809–2814. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1210080; published online 6 November 2006

C3, C4 의 Nephelometric 측정 경험

조병철 ( B C Cho ),검덕희 ( D H Kim ),김민숙 ( M S Kim ),서덕규 ( D K Seo ) 대한임상검사과학회 1990 대한임상검사과학회지(KJCLS) Vol.22 No.1

RIA has been used to measure accurately a minute quantity of Ags, such as proteins. hormones, enzymes or drugs. However, due to the presence of a radication hazard and the increment of having to pool test specimens. RIA is gradually being replaced by other immunoassay that have a comparable sensitivity but do not require radiocative meterial. Turbidimetric immunoassay, latex immunoassay and fluorescence immunoassay are such examples. We at the department of clinical pathology, Asan medical center, compared CH 50 activity with C3 , C4 quantity by nephelometric method.

Role of hepatitis B virus X repression of C/EBPbeta activity in the down-regulation of glutathione S-transferase A2 gene: implications in other phase II detoxifying enzyme expression.

Cho, I J,Ki, S H,Brooks, C,Kim, S G Taylor Francis 2009 Xenobiotica Vol.39 No.2

<P>1. A genome-wide in silico screening rendered the genes of phase II enzymes in the rat genome whose promoters contain the putative DNA elements interacting with CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) and NF-E2-related factor (Nrf2). The hepatitis B virus X (HBx) protein strongly modulates the transactivation and/or the repression of genes regulated by some bZIP transcription factors. 2. This study investigated the effects of HBx on the induction of phase II enzymes with the aim of elucidating the role of HBx interaction with C/EBPbeta or Nrf2 bZIP transcription factors in hepatocyte-derived cells. 3. Immunoblot and reporter gene analyses revealed that transfection of HBx interfered with the constitutive and inducible GSTA2 transactivation promoted by oltipraz (C/EBPbeta activator), but not that by tert-butylhydroquinone (t-BHQ, Nrf2 activator). Moreover, HBx transfection completely inhibited GSTA2 reporter gene activity induced by C/EBPbeta, but failed to inhibit that by Nrf2. 4. Gel shift assays identified that HBx inhibited the increase in C/EBPbeta-DNA complex formation by oltipraz, but not the increase in Nrf2-DNA complex by t-BHQ. Immunoprecipitation and immunoblot assays verified the direct interaction between HBx and C/EBPbeta. Moreover, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays confirmed HBx inhibition of C/EBPbeta binding to its binding site in the GSTA2 gene promoter. HBx repressed the induction of other phase II enzymes including GSTP, UDP-glucuronyltransferase 1A, microsomal epoxide hydrolase, GSTM1, GSTM2, and gamma-glutamylcysteine synthase. 5. These results demonstrate that HBx inhibits the induction of phase II detoxifying enzymes, which is mediated by its interaction with C/EBPbeta, but not Nrf2, substantiating the specific role of HBx in phase II detoxifying capacity.</P>

C language를 위한 Concurrent Programming 환경의 개발

윤용익(Y I Yoon),조주현(J H Cho),정영조(Y C Chung),강석열(S Y. Kang) 한국정보과학회 1988 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.15 No.1

Multiprocessor system이 널리 보급되고 사용됨에 따라 concurrent programming은 더욱 더 중요한 feature가 되어가고 있다. 기존의 C 언어는 concurrent programming을 위한 feature들을 가지고 있지 못하나, 본 논문에서는 concurrent processing이 가능한 Concurrent-C 언어를 설계, 구현하였다. Concurrent feature들을 첨가하는 방법으로는 여러 종류의 runtime library routine들을 제공하여 C program 내에서 이 routine들을 call하는 방식을 사용하였다. Concurrent-C는 UNIX 환경하에서 구현되었으며, 실제로 C compiler를 제공하는 어떠한 OS 상에서도 host machine의 종류에 관계없이 구현될 수 있다.