Fabrication of Silicon Micromenbranes for MEMS Applications

Chung, Gwiy-Sang,Park, Chin-Sung 東西大學校 2000 동서논문집 Vol.6 No.-

본 논문은 TMAH/IPA/pyrazine 수용액에서 전기화학적 식각정지에 의한 마이크로 시스템용 고수율 단결정 실리콘 마이크로 맴브레인의 제작에 관한 것이다. Pyrazine을 TMAH/IPA 이방성 식각용액에 첨가함으로써 (100) 실리콘의 식각속도가 증가함으로 식각정지에 필요한 시간을 단축시킬 수 있었다. TMAH/IPA/pyrazine 수용액에서 n-형과 p-형 실리콘에 대한 전류-전압 특성 그리고 개방회로전압(OCP)와 보호막 생성전압(PP)을 각각 분석 · 평가하였다. 최적의 식각정지조건에서 5인치 실리콘기판상에 20㎛의 두께를 갖는 801개 마이크로 멤브레인을 제작하여 두께제어의 수율을 평가하였다. 하나의 5인치 실리콘기판상에 제작된 801개 마이크로 멤브레인의 평균 두께는 20.03㎛이며 표준편차는 ±0.26㎛였다. 또한, 식각 정지된 멤브레인 표면의 평탄도 역시 대단히 양호하였다. 따라서, 본 연구결과는 단결정 실리콘의 멤브레인을 이용한 각종 마이크로시스템에 응용할 경우, 대량생산에 적합하며 재현성이 우수하기 때문에 고수율 마이크로 멤브레인 제작기술로써 유용하게 사용가능할 것으로 기대된다.

Incidence and risk factors of hardware-related complications after proximal femoral osteotomy in children and adolescents

Chung, Myung Ki,Kwon, Soon-Sun,Cho, Byung Chae,Lee, Gye Wang,Kim, Jaeyoung,Moon, Seung Jun,Lee, Jae Woo,Chung, Chin Youb,Sung, Ki Hyuk,Lee, Kyoung Min,Park, Moon Seok Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. 2018 Journal of pediatric orthopedics. Part B Vol.27 No.3

Proximal femoral osteotomy has been used in cerebral palsy, Perthes disease, hip dysplasia, idiopathic femoral anteversion, and various hip diseases in children and adolescents. Conventionally, a blade plate (BP) has been used. However, the pediatric locking compression plate (LCP) has recently been applied widely. We compared the hardware-related complications of the BP and the LCP as well as the factors influencing these complications in patients who have undergone a proximal femoral osteotomy in children and adolescents. We enrolled consecutive patients aged less than or equal to 20 years who had undergone proximal femoral osteotomy with BP or LCP between May 2003 and December 2014, and who were followed up until 6 months after hardware removal. Following consensus building, hardware-related complications were identified from the patients’ medical records and hip radiographs. Patient age, sex, type of plate, and Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level in cerebral palsy patients were evaluated as possible risk factors, and a generalized estimating equation was used to assess the risk factors for hardware-related complications. A total of 417 hips from 251 patients were finally included in this study. Seven losses of fixation around the plate (five patients, 3.0%) occurred in the BP, three implant-related fractures (three patients, 3.6%) occurred in the LCP, and there was no significant difference (P=0.74). All hardware-related complications occurred in cerebral palsy patients, and the implant-related fractures occurred in patients with GMFCS IV/V. The risk of complications increased with age (P=0.002). The risk of loss of fixation around the BP is a well-known complication. However, LCP is not without hardware-related complications. The LCP provides strong stability of fixation. However, it is speculated that the LCP is related to implant-related fractures because of the stress shielding effect. Therefore, care should be exercised when using a locking plate in patients with osteoporosis, such as cerebral palsy with GMFCS IV/V. Level of Evidence: Therapeutic Level III.

Clinical Neurology of Striatocapsular Infarction

Chung, Chin-Sang,Kim, Jae 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1994 충남의대잡지 Vol.21 No.2

선조체의 임상 신경학적 기능과 행동신경학적 기능에 대한 간접적인 증거를 조사하고자 저자들은 선조체-내각 경색증 환자 32명의 임상소견 및 CT소견을 분석하였다. 5명의 환자에서 병변은 우연히 발견되었으며, 27명의 환자에서 실제적인 임상증후군을 발현하였다. 이러한 27명중 5명에서 내측 미상학의 일부가, 9명에서는 외측 미상핵부위가 파괴되었으며, 13명에서는 미상핵 전체가 침범된 소견을 보였다. 19명에서 내각의 전지가 함께 파괴되었고, 14명에서 피각까지 침범되었다. 주요 임상소견을 중심으로 4개의 임상군으로 나눌 수 있었다 : 1) 행동 또는 인지 장애가 뚜렷한 군 (10예), 2) 언어장애군(5예), 3) 운동/감각장애가 뚜렷한 열공성 증후군, 그리고 4) 현기증이나 현훈증을 나타낸 군(2예) 등이었다. 이외에도 구음장애가 약 반수의 환자에서 동반되었다. 미상핵만 침범된 5예에서 감각장애가 동반된 예는 없었다. 임상적 예후는 비교적 양호한 편으로서 대개 발병후 수개월 이내에 회복되는 경과를 보였다. 따라서 본연구의 소견들로 미루어 볼 때, 미상핵을 포함한 선조체는 전체적인 대뇌피질의 활성화에 관여하며 특정의 행동기능에도 직접적으로 참여하는 것으로 보인다. 따라서 향후 보다 나은 신경영상장치를 이용하고, 보다 정밀한 신경심리학적 평가, 그리고 장기적인 추적관찰 함으로써 선조체의 기능적 해부학 뿐만 아니라 임상적 기능도 보다 깊이있게 이해할 수 있을 것이다. To evaluate the behavioral roles of the corpus striatum a series of 32 patients with striatocapsular infarcts were analyzed clinicotopographically. Five patients had no definite symptoms referrable to the lesions. Among 27 symptomatic lesions, 5 involved the medial, 9 the lateral, and 13 the entire portion of the caudate head. The anterior limb of the internal capsule was also involved in 19 cases and the anterior putamen in 14 cases. They could be categorized in six groups according to predominant presenting symptoms : 1) behavioral and cognitive syndromes with or without sensorimotor pheninenin(10 patients) ; 2) dysphasic syndromes with motor or sensorimotor changes(5 cases) ; 3) predominant sensorimotor hemisyndromes without behavioral or cognitive changes(10 cases) ; and 4) dizzy or vertiginous spells(2 cases). No sensory phenomena were observed in 5 patients with pure caudate infarct(s). Dysarthria was also a common complaint(15 cases). Most patients recovered completely or partially within several months after onset. In this study we have provided the clinical evidences for position of the corpus striatum, particularly of the caudate nucleus, in the cerebral circuits for behavioral processing although we could not make an exact clinico-topographic correlation between the clinical syndromes and the striatal lesions. The findings of this series support that the caudate nucleus and other striatal regions participate in both general cortical activation and in specific behavioral functions. Further analysis of the future cases, using new neuroimaging techniques, detailed behavioral evaluation, long-term followup, and pathologic verification, whenever possible, will allow us to further expolre the behavioral neurology of the striatal lesions and will yield new insights into the functional neuroanatomy of the striatum.

The Internationalization and Information of Women's Movement in Korea

Chung Chin Sung 숙명여자대학교 아시아여성연구원 2000 Asian Women Vol.10 No.-

What Are the Risk Factors Associated with Urinary Retention after Orthopaedic Surgery?

Sung, Ki Hyuk,Lee, Kyoung Min,Chung, Chin Youb,Kwon, Soon-Sun,Lee, Seung Yeol,Ban, Yoon Seong,Park, Moon Seok Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2015 BioMed research international Vol.2015 No.-

<P>This study investigates the overall rate of urinary retention in a large cohort of unselected orthopaedic patients who had either general or regional anesthesia and defines the risk factors for postoperative urinary retention in that cohort of patients. A total of 15,681 patients who underwent major orthopaedic surgery with general or spinal/epidural anesthesia were included. Postoperative urinary retention was defined as any patient who required a postoperative consultation to the urologic department regarding voiding difficulty. Age at surgery, sex, type of surgery, medical history including hypertension and diabetes mellitus, and type of anesthesia were analyzed as potential predictor variables. There were 365 postoperative patients who required urology consults for urinary retention (2.3%). Older age at surgery (OR, 1.035; <I>P</I> < 0.0001), male sex (OR, 1.522; <I>P</I> = 0.0004), type of surgery (OR, 1.506; <I>P</I> = 0.0009), history of hypertension (OR, 1.288; <I>P</I> = 0.0436), and history of diabetes mellitus (OR, 2.038; <I>P</I> < 0.0001) were risk factors for urinary retention after orthopaedic surgery. Advanced age, male sex, joint replacement surgery, history of hypertension, and diabetes mellitus significantly increased the risk of urinary retention. In patients with these risk factors, careful postoperative urological management should be performed.</P>

Leuko-araiosis in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke : A Clinical and MRI Study on Factors Associated with Its Severity

Chung, Chin-Sang,Kim, Dong-Kueon,Kim, Jae-Moon 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1992 충남의대잡지 Vol.19 No.2

뇌졸증의 예후 및 혈관성 치매의 발병에 기여하는 것으로 알려져 있고 노인뇌백질에서 흔히 관찰되는 비특이적 변화, 즉 leuko-araiosis(LA)의 정도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 규명하고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 105명의 급성 뇌졸증환자의 임상소견, 자기공명단층촬영소견 및 검사실소견 등을 조사하여 단변수 및 다변수분석을 시행하였다. 그 결과 뇌졸증 유형중에서는 열공성 뇌경색 환자들에서 가장 심하며 뇌졸증 발병횟수가 많은 환자에서 LA의 정도가 가장 심한 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 고혈압의 유병기간 및 연령이 leuko-araiosis(LA)의 정도와 가장 유의한 관계가 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 또한 혈액점도의 중요한 요소중의 하나인 섬유소원도 유의한 역할을 하였으며 헤마토크릿 및 혈소판수도 이에 기여하는 것으로 시사되었다. 따라서 이러한 요인들에 대한 치료적 시도 및 전향적 연구를 통하여 뇌졸증 및 이로 인한 혈관성 치매로의 진행을 방지할 수 있을 것으로 사료되었다.

Women's Movements in Korea, By Hyo-jae Lee, Seoul: Cheongwoo-Sa, 1997

Chin-sung Chung(서평자) 숙명여자대학교 아시아여성연구원 1997 Asian Women Vol.5 No.-

Stability and Degradation Products of 3-Bromopyruvate, a Newly Found Anticancer Drug

CHUNG Hesson,SUNG Ha Chin,KWON Ick Chan,KIM Tae Hyung 대한약학회 2006 大韓藥學會 總會 및 學術大會 Vol.2006 No.2

Control of Adipogenesis by the SUMO-Specific Protease SENP2

Chung, Sung Soo,Ahn, Byung Yong,Kim, Min,Choi, Hye Hun,Park, Ho Seon,Kang, Shinae,Park, Sang Gyu,Kim, Young-Bum,Cho, Young Min,Lee, Hong Kyu,Chung, Chin Ha,Park, Kyong Soo American Society for Microbiology 2010 Molecular and cellular biology Vol.30 No.9

<B>ABSTRACT</B><P>Here, we demonstrate that SENP2, a desumoylating enzyme, plays a critical role in the control of adipogenesis. SENP2 expression was markedly increased upon the induction of adipocyte differentiation, and this increase was dependent on protein kinase A activation. Remarkably, knockdown of SENP2 led to a dramatic attenuation of adipogenesis with a marked decrease in PPARγ and C/EBPα mRNA levels. Knockdown of SENP2 also caused a marked reduction in the level of C/EBPβ protein but not in that of C/EBPβ mRNA. Interestingly, sumoylation of C/EBPβ dramatically increased its ubiquitination and destabilization, and this increase could be reversed by SENP2. In addition, overexpression of C/EBPβ could overcome the inhibitory effect of SENP2 knockdown on adipogenesis. Furthermore, SENP2 was absolutely required for adipogenesis of preadipocytes implanted into mice. These results establish a critical role for SENP2 in the regulation of adipogenesis by desumoylation and stabilization of C/EBPβ and in turn by promoting the expression of its downstream effectors, such as PPARγ and C/EBPα.</P>

The Internationalization and Information of Women's Movement in Korea

Sung, Chung Chin 숙명여자대학교 아세아여성문제연구소 2000 Asian Women Vol.10 No.-