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Chi, Oak Z.,Chang, Qiang,Wang, Guolin,Liu, Xia,Harvey R. Weiss 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 1999 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON EAST-WEST MEDICINE Vol.1999 No.1
Oak Z.Chi,Qiang Chang, Guolin Wang*, Xia Liu, Harvey R. Weiss□.Deprtments of Anesthesai, Departments of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Medicne and Dentisrty of New Jersey,Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA and*Department of Anesthesia, Medical University, Tianjing, People's Republic of China. A non-NMDA antagonist, GYKI 52466 improves microscopic O² balance in the cortex during focal cerebral ischemia. Proceedings of International Symposium on East-West Medicine, Seoul. 172-182, 1999.-This study was performed to test whether GYKI 52466, a non-NMDA receptor antagonist, would improve microregional oxygen supply and consumption balance in the focal cerebral ischemic area. Rats were anesthetized with 1.4% isoflurance. For the GYKI Group (n=8), 19 min before middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion, a bolus of 5mg/kg of GYKI 52466 iv was administered and was followed by an infusion of 5mg/kg/hr. For the control Group(n=8), the same volume of the vehicle was administered. One hour after MCA occlusion, regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured using the 14C-iodoantipyrine autoradiographic technique. Microscopic arterial and venous oxygen saturations were determined using microspectrophotometry. In the cortex contralateral to MCA occlusion, the average rCBF and the average O² consumption were lower in the GYKI Group than in the Control Group (rCBF:GYKI 65.5±24.1, Control 97.7 33.4ml/100g/min;O² consumption: GYKI3.9±1.2, Control 6.2±2.5ml O²/100g/min) without a significant difference in the number of veins with SvO²<50%. In the ischemic cortex, the number of veins with SvO²<50% was significantly smaller in the GYKI Group (21 veins out of 63)than in the Control Group(45 out of 59)without a significant difference in the average rCBF(GYKI44.9±17.7, Control 29.7±10.4) or regional O² consumption between these two groups (GYKI 3.3±1.4,Control 27.7±1.2). Our data demonstrated that GYKI 52466 was effective in improving microscopic O² balance in the focal ischemic cortical area of the brain and it decreased O² consumption in the non-ischemic cortex. [Neurological Research 1999;21:299-304]
Cu-6Ni-4Sn 합금에서 Cr 첨가에 따른 전기화학적 특성에 관한 연구
박창규,김정구,안승호,한승전 대한금속재료학회 2005 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.43 No.3
Corrosion characteristics of Cu-6%Ni-4%Sn-x%Cr alloys in a acid-chloride solution (0.1M H₂SO₄+ 0.0056M NaCl) at pH = 6, were studied as a function of chromium addition. Three kinds of Cu-6%Ni-4%Sn-x%Cr alloys were prepared by melting, and casting, followed by thermomechanical treatments. The corrosion behavior of Cu-6%Ni-4%Sn-x%Cr alloys was investigated by electrochemical corrosion tests (potentiodynamic polarization test, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) and surface analyses (optical microscopy, electron probe micro analysis, scanning electron microscopy). Cr additions were found to prevent the localized corrosion behavior. This is the reason that the small addition of Cr promoted the decomposition behaviors of the supersaturated solid solution a in Cu-6%Ni-4%Sn alloy, i.e., the number of like-Sn-rich carbide impurities (LCI), which increased the galvanic effect between the matrix and the LCI, decreased with increasing the Cr addition. (Received September 8, 2004)
Genotoxicity evaluation of electromagnetic fields generated by 835-MHz mobile phone frequency band
Chang, S-K,Choi, J-S,Gil, H-W,Yang, J-O,Lee, E-Y,Jeon, Y-S,Lee, Z-W,Lee, M,Hong, M-Y,Ho Son, T-,Hong, S-Y Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 2005 EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION Vol.14 No.2
It is still unclear whether the exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) generated by mobile phone radiation is directly linked to cancer. We examined the biological effects of an EMF at 835 MHz, the most widely used communication frequency band in Korean CDMA mobile phone networks, on bacterial reverse mutation (Ames assay) and DNA stability (in vitro DNA degradation). In the Ames assay, tester strains alone or combined with positive mutagen were applied in an artificial mobile phone frequency EMF generator with continuous waveform at a specific absorption rate (SAR) of 4 W/kg for 48 h. In the presence of the 835-MHz EMF radiation, incubation with positive mutagen 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide and cumene hydroxide further increased the mutation rate in Escherichia coli WP2 and TA102, respectively, while the contrary results in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA1535 treated with 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide and sodium azide, respectively, were shown as antimutagenic. However, these mutagenic or co-mutagenic effects of 835-MHz radiation were not significantly repeated in other relevant strains with same mutation type. In the DNA degradation test, the exposure to 835-MHz EMF did not change the rate of degradation observed using plasmid pBluescript SK(+) as an indicator. Thus, we suggest that 835-MHz EMF under the conditions of our study neither affected the reverse mutation frequency nor accelerated DNA degradation in vitro.
Changes in quality of Phellinus gilvus mushroom by different drying methods
Jo, W.S.,Park, S.D.,Park, S.C.,Chang, Z.Q.,Seo, G.S.,Uhm, J.Y.,Jung, H.Y. Mycological Society of Japan 2009 Mycoscience Vol.50 No.1
This study was conducted to investigate the changes in characteristics of the Phellinus gilvus mushroom as influenced by drying methods after harvest. The lowest weight loss rate of P. gilvus mushroom was 75.8% with drying in the shade and 80% by dryer (60<SUP>o</SUP>C). The size loss rate of pileus was 19.3% of that in a hot air dryer (60<SUP>o</SUP>C). The hardness of dried material context using a hot air dryer (60<SUP>o</SUP>C) was the lowest (20kg/cm<SUP>2</SUP>), and that by a dry oven (60<SUP>o</SUP>C) was the highest (457kg/m<SUP>2</SUP>). For ΔE value, 4.9 of context and 2.6 of tubes using drying in the shade (20<SUP>o</SUP>C) were found to be the lowest. The survival rate of sarcoma 180 treated with P. gilvus dried in the sun was the lowest (51.8%), and this was considered the most effective method for antitumor activity against sarcoma 180.
Chang, H.,Nozawa, K.,Liu, X.L.,Geng, S.M.,Ren, Z.J.,Qin, G.Q.,Li, X.G.,Sun, J.M.,Zheng, H.L.,Song, J.Z.,Kurosawa, Y.,Sano, A.,Jia, Q.,Chen, G.H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2000 Animal Bioscience Vol.13 No.2
This paper is based on the 9 goat colonies along the middle and lower Yellow River valley and 7 local goat colonies in the Northeast, Tibet and the Yangtze valley. After collecting the same data about the 22 goat colonies in China and other countries, it establishes and composes the matrix of fuzzy similarity relation describing the genetic similarities of different colonies. It also clusters 38 colonies according to their phylogenetic relationship. The establishment of the matrix and the cluster are effected in terms of the frequency of 18 loci and 43 allelomorphs in blood enzyme and other protein variations. The study proves that the middle Yellow River valley is one of the taming and disseminating centers of domestic goats in the South and East of Central Asia. Compared with other goat populations in this vast area, the native goat populations in the west of Mongolian Plateau, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the middle Yellow River valley share the same origin. The colonies in the lower Yellow River valley and those in the middle valley, however, are relatively remote in their phylogenetic relationship. The native goat colonies in the southeast of Central Asia can be classified into two genetic groups: "East Asia" and "South Asia" and the colonies in Southeast Asia belong to either group.
Optimal Lysine:DE Ratio for Growing Pigs of Different Sexes
Chang, W.H.,Kim, J.D.,Xuan, Z.N.,Cho, W.T.,Han, In K.,Chae, B.J.,Paik, In K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2000 Animal Bioscience Vol.13 No.1
This study was conducted to evaluate changes in the lysine to digestible energy (DE) ratio on performance, apparent ileal and fecal nutrient digestibilities as well as blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and to estimate optimal lysine:DE ratios for growing pigs of different sexes. A total of 150 pigs ($(Landrace{\times}Yorkshire){\times}Duroc$, 16.78 kg average body weight, 75 barrows and 75 gilts) was randomly allotted into a $2{\times}3$ (sex by diet) factorial design. Three diets were formulated to contain a crude protein level of 19%, a DE level of 3.5 Mcal/kg with three lysine:DE ratios of 3.2 (low), 3.5 (middle) and 3.8 (high) g lysine/Mcal DE per kg diet for both barrows and gilts throughout the study. With increasing dietary lysine:DE ratio, the average daily gain (ADG) of barrows decreased but there was no significant difference among treatments (p>0.05). However, ADG was significantly higher in gilts fed the diet containing the high lysine:DE ratio (p<0.05), followed by the middle and low lysine:DE ratio dietary groups. No significant effects of lysine:DE ratios on feed intake (ADFI) and feed conversion (F/G) were observed for barrows and gilts during overall period (p>0.05), while the optimal F/G was found in barrows fed diets of low and in gilts fed high lysine:DE ratio. Blood urea nitrogen had a positive relationship with growth rate. The results showed that the optimal lysine:DE ratios were 3.2 and 3.8 g lysine/Mcal DE per kg diet for barrows and gilts of 16 to 57 kg body weight, respectively.