펠던크라이스 기법, 탄성밴드 운동 및 복합운동 적용이 현대무용전공자의 체간근력에 미치는 영향

김채수(Kim Chae-Soo),권혜영(Kwon Hye-Young),이원재(Lee Won-Jae),조창모(Jo Chang-Mo),김진환(Kim Jin-Hwan),주성범(Ju Sung-Bum),이미경(Lee Mi-Kyoung) 한국체육과학회 2011 한국체육과학회지 Vol.20 No.1

This study is carried out to examine the effect of applying Feldenkrais method, elastic band training and combined training on trunk muscle. The subjects of this study were 32 modern dance majors and they were divided into four groups which consists of 8 peoples each, Feldenkrais method group(modern dance + Feldenkrais method), elastic band training group(modern dance + elastic band training), combined training group(modern dance + Feldenkrais method + elastic band training), and control group(modern dance). Measurement variables which are trunk muscle were measured before training, and after 4 and 8 weeks training and the results are as follow: In the left muscle strength change at Centaur 0°, Feldenkrais method group, elastic band training group and combined training group showed significant increase after 8 weeks training compared to before training. In the right muscle strength change, Feldenkrais method group and combined training group had significant increase after 8 weeks training. In the left muscle strength change at Centaur 45°, Feldenkrais method group and combined training group showed significant increase after 8 weeks training compared to before training and after 4 weeks training. Also elastic band training group showed significant increase after 8 weeks training compared to before training. In the right muscle strength change, Feldenkrais method group and elastic band training group significantly increased after 8 weeks training compared to before training. In the left muscle strength change at Centaur 90°, Feldenkrais method group and combined training group showed significant increase after 4 and 8 weeks training compared to before training. In the right muscle strength change, Feldenkrais method group showed significant increase after 4 and 8 weeks training compared to before training, and elastic band training group significantly increased after 8weeks training compared to before training. In the left muscle strength change at Centaur 135°, there was no significant changes. In the right muscle strength change, elastic band training group and combined training group showed significant increase after 8 weeks training compared to before training. In the left muscle strength change at Centaur 180°, combined training group showed significant increase after 4 and 8 weeks training compared to before training. In the right muscle strength change, combined training group showed significant increase after 4 and 8 weeks training compared to before training. From above results, applying 8 weeks regular program of Feldenkrais method, elastic band training and combined training to modern dance majors showed positive changes on improvement of trunk muscle strength and physical strength. Also this study implemented to verify the effects of trunk muscle strength and body balance through supplementary training program, and showed the effects in the training group and control group after 8 weeks trunk muscle strengthening program. Feldenkrais method, elastic band training and combined training are very effective to improve trunk muscle strength of modern dance majors so that continuous implementation and application of these effective training program shall be provided for strengthening trunk muscle.

Long second toe: its nail and skin changes

( Geun-hwi Park ),( Woo-il Kim ),( Min-young Yang ),( Won-ku Lee ),( Tae-wook Kim ),( Sung-min Park ),( Hyun-joo Lee ),( Gun-wook Kim ),( Hoon-soo Kim ),( Hyun-chang Ko ),( Byung-soo Kim ),( Moon-bum 대한피부과학회 2018 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.70 No.2

Background: Nail can be affected by trauma, infection, and systematic disorders. In particular, the toe nails are exposed to the repeated and cumulative minor traumas, which usually result in thickened, splitted, and discolorated nails. Considering these, it can be inferred that the long second toe can be related to various nail and skin changes by repeated minor traumas such as friction in shoes, but the study or report on this topic hasn’t been done yet. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to introduce various nail and skin changes on long second toe. Methods: We analyzed the kinds of nail/skin changes of 50 patients with long second toe, enrolled at Pusan National University Hospitals (Busan and Yangsan) from 2013 to 2018. Results: There was no significant difference in the incidence of left and right toe and toenail, and 7 (14%) patients presented bilateral distribution. The most common nail change on long second toe was melanonychia (23, 46%), followed by subungual hematoma (15, 30%), onycholysis (2, 4%), subungual hyperkeratosis (2, 4%), onychomadesis (1, 2%), and retronychia (1, 2%). The most common skin change was corn (9, 18%), followed by paronychia (2, 4%). Twenty (20/50, 40%) patients also had other toe or toenail changes. Among them, the most common site was big toe/nail (13, 62%), and the most common change was subungual hematoma (8, 42%). Conclusion: Through this study, the dermatologists can recognize and diagnose the nail and skin changes of long second toe.

Salt and pepper appearance of the skin associated with mixed connective tissue disease

( Sang-hyeon Won ),( Woo-il Kim ),( Min-young Yang ),( Won-ku Lee ),( Tae-wook Kim ),( Sung-min Park ),( Hyun-joo Lee ),( Gun-wook Kim ),( Hoon-soo Kim ),( Hyun-chang Ko ),( Byung-soo Kim ),( Moon-bum 대한피부과학회 2018 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.70 No.1

The salt-and-pepper appearance of skin is composed of salt (vitiligo-like depigmentation) and pepper(perifollicular pigmentation). This characteristic feature can be a clinical clue for the diagnosis of systemic sclerosis. Mixed connective tissue disease(MCTD) is a distinct disease entity with mixed features of systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, myositis and rheumatoid arthritis with high titers of antibodies to U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein(U1 snRNP). Therefore, MCTD is known to have a wide spectrum of cutaneous manifestations which may be the presenting signs of the disease. However, there are few reports of pigmentary changes in MCTD. A 51-year old woman presented with variably sized hypopigmented macules along with relative hyperpigmentation of the perifollicular areas. She was diagnosed with MCTD by Raynaud’s phenomenon and high titer anti-RNP corresponding to a speckled antinuclear antibody of 1:1280 in Rheumatology clinic. A biopsy specimen showed dermal sclerosis. Pigment loss and melanophages were observed in the papillary dermis. Hypo- and hyperpigmentation were confirmed histologically by S100 and Fontana-Masson stain. To our knowledge, ‘salt and pepper appearance of the skin’ has rarely been reported in MCTD. The diagnosis of MCTD can be challenging due to its diverse characteristics. Therefore, we suggest that MCTD should be regarded as a differential diagnosis in patient with this pigmentary change.

Correlation between skeletal and dental changes after mandibular setback surgery-first orthodontic treatment

Chang-Hoon Rhee,Youn-Kyung Choi,Yong-Il Kim,Seong-Sik Kim,Soo-Byung Park,Woo-Sung Son 대한치과교정학회 2015 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.45 No.2

Objective: To investigate skeletal and dental changes after application of a mandibular setback surgery-first orthodontic treatment approach in cases of skeletal Class III malocclusion. Methods: A retrospective study of 34 patients (23 men, 11 women; mean age, 26.2 ± 6.6 years) with skeletal Class III deformities, who underwent surgery-first orthodontic treatment, was conducted. Skeletal landmarks in the maxilla and mandible at three time points, pre-treatment (T0), immediate-postoperative (T1), and post-treatment (T2), were analyzed using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-generated half-cephalograms. Results: The significant T0 to T1 mandibular changes occurred ?9.24 ± 3.97 mm horizontally. From T1 to T2, the mandible tended to move forward 1.22 ± 2.02 mm, while the condylar position (Cd to Po-perpendicular plane) shifted backward, and the coronoid process (Cp to FH plane) moved vertically. Between T1 and T2, the vertical dimension changed significantly (p < 0.05). Changes in the vertical dimension were significantly correlated to T1 to T2 changes in the Cd to Po-perpendicular plane (r = ?0.671, p = 0.034), and in the Cp to FH plane (r = 0.733, p = 0.016), as well as to T0 to T1 changes in the Cp to Poperpendicular plane (r = 0.758, p = 0.011). Conclusions: Greater alterations in the vertical dimension caused larger post-treatment (T2) stage skeletal changes. Studying the mandibular position in relation to the post-surgical vertical dimension emphasized the integral importance of vertical dimension control and proximal segment management to the success of surgery-first orthodontic treatment.

한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

The Widening Gap of Academic Achievement Between the Rich and the Poor in Korea

Sang-soo Chang 서울대학교 사회발전연구소 2022 Journal of Asian Sociology Vol.51 No.1

This study deals with the effects of parental socioeconomic status on children’s academic achievement, which is referred to as the socioeconomic gradient or as the socioeconomic achievement gap, in Korea. The study differs from previous ones on the same topic in two aspects: First, it views Korea’s socioeconomic achievement gap in the context of international comparison. Second, it investigates the temporal change of Korea’s socioeconomic gradient, which has taken place during the last two decades, and identifies reasons for such a change. Analyzing PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) data, which the OECD has collected every three years since 2000, the study found the following: First, the socioeconomic gradient in reading and math literacy scores in Korea was lower in the early 2000s than that in other OECD countries. However, these have since approached or exceeded the OECD average in the late 2010s. Second, the socioeconomic gradient has increased in reading literacy during the last two decades, although it has not changed in math literacy during the same period. This implies that the inequality of academic achievement has deteriorated in Korea. The degeneration seemed to arise both from the increase of differentiation in secondary schools, which neoliberal governments have actively driven since 1995, and from the consequent growth of parents’ school choices.

무증상 갑상선기능저하증 환자에서 Thyroxine 치료에 따른 혈청 지질 및 아포지단백의 변화

조보연,신찬수,김원배,고창순,김성연,박혜영,박건상,이홍규,박형규,김숙경 대한내분비학회 1996 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.11 No.1

Background: Subclinical hypothyroidism(SCH) is a common biochemical abnormality which can be found in routine screening tests of thyroid function. We are increasingly faced with the question of whether its an indication for thyroxine replacement therapy. The effect of thyroxine replacement on lipid profile in SCH has aroused a great interest because of an association of overt hypothyroidism(OVH) with hyperlipidemia and increased risk of coronary artery disease. Method: We prospectively evaluated the changes in lipids and apoproteins before and after thyroxine replacement therapy in 23 patients with SCH and in 37 patients with OVH. We measured serum total cholesterol and triglyceride using autoanalyzer, high density lipoprotein(HDL) chole-sterol by dextran sulfate method, Apo A1 and Apo B by immunonephelometric assay. Results: Thyroxine replacement therapy significantly decreased total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein(LDL) cholesterol and apo B levels, but did not affect the level of triglyceride, HDL cholesterol or apo AI in patients with OVH. In SCH, thyroxine replacement therapy with the doses to normalize serum TSH concentrations also decreased significantly the level of cholesterol and LDL cholesterol albeit apo B levels did not change. Moreover, in most of patients with OVH (11 of 12) and in all of patients with SCH(5 of 5) who had had hyperchlesterolemia before treatment, thyroxine replament normalized their cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels. Conclusion: In regard to the beneficial changes in blood lipid levels, patients with SCH should be treated, especially in cases who have other risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis. If thyroxine replacement only will reduce the incidence of coronary artery disease in SCH remains to be elucidated by long-term prospective studies(J Kor Soc Endocrinol 11:41-51, 1996).

Rat의 복강내에 투여한 5-fluorouracil-polyglycolic acid 제형이 장기에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

강대영,송규상,최정목,노승무,정경수,오정연,김진향,양준묵,최선웅,이진호,조준식,민병무,김용백,김창식,박근성,김승영,김학용,인현빈 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.1

For more effective intraperitoneal chemotherapy, the authers made 5-fluorouracil-polyglycolic acid composite disks(FU-PGA disks) with 5-fluorouracil and polyglycolic acid, a biodegradable polymer. We inserted the FU-PGA disk into the peritoneal cavites of Sprague-Dawley male rats, the control and three experimental groups; one FU-PGA disk insert group(300mg/kg), two FU-PGA disk insert group(600mg/kg), and three FU-PGA disk insert group(900mg/kg). The control group received a similar number of PGA disk inserts. A pharmacokinetic study was performed to measure the 5-fluorouracil concentration in the peritoneal fluid, blood, and tissues(liver, kidney and heart) at 24 hours, 72hours and 168 hours after insertion of the FU-PGA disk. Light and electron microscopic studies were done. The results were as follows: 1) The number of white blood cells and platelets decreased after FU-PGA insertion. The degree was proportional to the duration and amounts inserted. The change in the number of red blood cells varied slightly. 2) Light microscopically, slight changes were noted at 168 hours in the 3 disk insert group (900mg/kg). Mild fatty change and hepatocyte degeneration around the central veins of the liver were noted, with vacuolar degeneration in the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidney. 3) Electron microscopically,the liver showed focal increases of lipid droplets in the hepatocytes, and irregular nuclear membrane with focal nucleolar segregation of the fibrillar and granular elements. Also the double membranous structure of the hepatocytes and Kupffer cells was widened with bleb formation. The kidney showed wide separation of the nuclear double membrane in the proximal convoluted tubular cells and mesangial cells, with vacuolation and myelin figure formation in the mitochondria of the proximal convoluted tubular cells, at 72 hours and 168 hours in the 2 to 3 FU-PGA insert groups. The heart showed focal loss of cristae,vacuolation and myelin figure formation in the mitochondria of the 2 to 3 FU-PGA insert groups. In conclusion, despite the large amont of FU-PGA inserted, the histopathological changes in the liver, kidney and heart were slight, and consonant with the very low amount of 5-fluorouracil concentrations detected in the liver, kidney and heart. The above results suggest that the FU-PGA composite can serve as a new device for releasing drugs in a controlled manner and easily targeted to intraperitoneal organs. This device can improve the efficacy of intraperitoneal chemotherapy for gastric cancer.

풍화작용에 의한 정상모발의 형태학적 변화

홍완성,장병수,임도선,박상옥,여성문 韓國電子顯微鏡學會 2000 Applied microscopy Vol.30 No.1

성인 남성의 모발에서 정상 모간과 자연상태에서 손상된 모간의 외부형태와 미세구조적 변화를 광학현미경과 주사 및 투과전자현미경으로 관찰하였다. 정상 모간은 모소피층, 모피질, 모수질 등의 3부분으로 구성되어 있었다. 모소피층은 5-7개의 모소피세포들이 중첩되어 모피질과 모수질을 둘러싸고 있고, 길게 신장되어 모피질을 둘러싸고 있는 소피세포의 두께는 약 0.4㎛로 확인되었다. 또한, 이들 세포사이에는 약 25㎛의 세포사이 막복합체가 관찰되었다. 모피질은 잘 발달되어 각질화세포(cornified cell)들로 치밀하게 채워져 있었고, 각질화세포는 직경 약 0.5-0.8㎛인 구형 또는 타원형외 macrofibril로 구성되어 있었으며, 이들은 약 8nm 두께의 가는 microfibri이 동심원상의 규칙적인 형태로 배열되어 있었다. 그리고 macrofibril 사이에는 약 0.5㎛크기의 직경을 가진 구형의 melanin과립들이 고르게 산재되어 관찰되었다. 모수질은 공기가 채워져 있었고, 직경이 약 16㎛의 구형의 형태로 모간의 전체 직경에 1/5 정도를 차지하고 있었다. 풍화에 의해 손상된 모간은 모소피층이 박리되어 있었으며, 모피질세포의 세포질도 손상되어 melanin과립들이 표면에 노출되어 있는 것이 확인되었다. 조직표본상에서 모소피층의 박리과정은 모소피 사이에 공포가 형성되고, 이어서 모소피의 가장자리가 떨어져 나가고, 박리되지 않은 부위는 절단되었다. 모소피가 탈락되어 모피질이 노출된 부위에서는 각질화세포내에 존재하는 macrofibri이 각각 분리되고, 인접원 macrofibril 사이에 공기가 채워지게 되어 오간의 풍화과정은 더욱 촉진되었다. 그리고 노출된 macrofibril 사이에서 탈락 직전의 melanin 과립들이 산재되어 관찰되었다. The morphological changes in normal and weathering hair shafts of the human scalp were investigated by using the transmission and scanning electron microscopes. The hair shaft composed of cuticular layer, cortex and medulla. The surface of normal hairs are smooth and covered by imbricated cuticular scales. The cuticular layer consists of five to seven cuticle cells. These cells, which are flat and thin, measuring about 100 ㎛ long and 0.4 ㎛ thick, appears intercellular membrane complex in diameter 25 nm. The cortex composed of melanin granules and cornified cells, which multicomponent concentric microfibrils in diameter about 8 nm give rise to macrofibrils in diameter 0.5 ㎛ to 0.8 ㎛ encased in limiting membrane. The melanin granules are spherical shaped about 0.5 ㎛ in size and scattered between macrofibrils. The medulla in the normal hairs are 16 ㎛ in diameter centrally region of cortex. Normal hair shafts undergo progressive degenerative changes due to a variety of environmental insults. In the initial weathering process of hair, the cuticular scales became irregularly raised and broken, and then cuticle cells formed cytoplasmic vacuolation, following dissociated intercellular membrane complex, ultimately entirely lost and nuded cortex. Occasionally, transverse fissures were seen at hair shafts indicating that the hairs were deteriorated Complete removal of the cuticular layer in the heavily damaged cortex portions appeared splitting of the cortical cell into its macrofibrils and scattering of melanin granules.

가족배경과 고등학교 계열 선택

장상수(Chang Sang-soo) 한국사회학회 2007 韓國社會學 Vol.41 No.2

교육기회의 불평등에 대한 선행연구는 주목할 만한 사실을 발견하였으나 몇 가지 한계를 노정하였다. 이 방면의 연구는 학력단계의 질적 분화를 소홀히 하였고, 가족배경이 학력성취에 미치는 영향이 어떤 메커니즘을 거쳐 변하는지를 밝히지 못하였다. 이 글은 첫째, 중등교육의 질적 분화를 감안하여 가족배경이 고등학교 계열 선택에 미치는 영향이 시계열적으로 어떤 경향성을 띠는지를 살펴보았다. 둘째, 성적과 이행성향 분포의 변화를 추적함으로써 가족배경 효과가 무엇 때문에 변화하였는지를 짐작하였다. 한국노동연구원의 노동패널(KLIPS) 자료와 경제협력개발기구의 국제학업성취도(PISA) 자료를 분석한 이 글은 다음 사실을 발견하였다. 첫째, 부모의 학력이 고등학교 계열 선택에 미치는 영향은 시간이 지나면서 점차 증가하였다. 다시 말해 중등학력 단계에서 교육 불평등은 심화되었다. 둘째, 교육 불평등이 심화된 까닭은 인문계 고등학교를 선호하는 성향이 계급별로 불균등하게 증가한 탓이었다. 고등교육체계와 인문계 고등학교가 팽창하면서 인문계 고등학교를 선호하는 성향이 증가하였는데, 이 과정에서 고학력 부모의 성향은 저학력 부모보다 더 많이 더 빨리 증가하였다. Prior research on the inequality of educational opportunity(IEO) has several limitations; first, they have scarcely considered the qualitative differentiation of educational system. Second, they have not concretely showed through what process IEO has changed. This paper tried to overcome these limitations; First, taking the qualitative differentiation of secondary education into consideration, this paper tried to show the trends of IEO when the students of lower secondary education chose the high school sector in Korea. Second, closely examining the shifts of the distributions of academic achievement and transition propensity, it tried to show the concrete process through which IEO has changed during the last decades. Analyzing the Korea Labor and Income Panel Study(KLIPS) data and OECD’s PISA data, this paper found the followings: first, the effect of parental education on choice of high school sector has increased across cohorts. Second, this increase of IEO came from the fact that the children of highly educated parents more quickly preferred academic high school to vocational high school than their counterparts, when higher education and academic high school expand.