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Arrigo F.G. Cicero,Giuseppe Derosa,Livia Pisciotta,Carlo Barbagallo 한국식품영양과학회 2015 Journal of medicinal food Vol.18 No.11
The main guidelines for cardiovascular disease prevention suggest that nutraceuticals could be an efficacious tool to improve lipid pattern. Our aim was to carry out a clinical trial comparing the metabolic effects of a combined nutraceutical containing both red yeast rice and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and a phytosterol-based approach in a setting of clinical practice. This was a multicenter open study with parallel control. We consecutively enrolled 107 pharmacologically untreated subjects affected by primary polygenic hypercholesterolemia and metabolic syndrome, assigned to 8-week treatment with a combined treatment with red yeast rice (Dif1Stat®, including 5mg monacolin K) and 610mg PUFAs. A parallel group of 30 subjects with similar characteristics was treated with phytosterols 1600mg/die. In the combined nutraceutical group, compared with the baseline level, we observed a significant decrease in total cholesterol (TC; -42.50 ± 18.1mg/dL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C; -37.6 ± 13.6mg/dL), triglycerides (TG; -19.8 ± 25.1mg/dL), and non-HDL-C (-43.1 ± 17.7mg/dL) (all P < .001). In the phytosterol-treated group, compared to the baseline level, we observed a significant decrease in TC (-13.7 ± 4.3mg/dL), LDL-C (-17.6 ± 8.5mg/dL), and non-HDL-C (-14.1 ± 5.6mg/dL) (all P< .001). When comparing the combined nutraceutical effect with that of phytosterols, we observed that the combined nutraceutical intake was associated with a significantly higher decrease in TC, LDL-C, TG, and non-HDL-C (all P < .001). In the short term, a combined nutraceutical containing red yeast rice and PUFAs is well tolerated and efficacious in reducing plasma lipid levels in subjects affected by primary polygenic hypercholesterolemia and metabolic syndrome.