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Cai Meng-Xi,Gao Ye,Li Li,Feng Wen,Wang Yi-Lin,Li Zhao-Shen,Xin Lei,Wang Luo-Wei 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2023 Gut and Liver Vol.17 No.3
Background/Aims: We aimed to investigate the comfort, safety, and endoscopic visibility during esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) afforded by a modified 4-hour semifluid and 2-hour water (“4+2”) fasting protocol. Methods: In this parallel group, endoscopist-blinded, randomized controlled trial, outpatients undergoing unsedated diagnostic EGD from 10:30 AM to 12:00 PM were randomly assigned to either a “4+2” protocol group or a conventional fasting group. The participants’ comfort during the fasting period and procedure was measured using the visual analog scale, and mucosal visibility was measured by endoscopists using the total visibility score. Satisfaction was defined as a visual analog scale score of ≤3. The primary outcome was the participants’ comfort during fasting. Results: One hundred and six and 108 participants were randomized to the “4+2” protocol and control groups, respectively. Participants’ comfort before EGD was significantly higher in the “4+2” protocol group measured by both the proportion of satisfaction (86.8% vs 63.9%, p=0.002) and the visual analog scale score (median [interquartile range]: 1.0 [1.0–2.0] vs 3.0 [1.0–4.0], p<0.001). The proportion of satisfaction during EGD also significantly improved (59.4% vs 45.4%, p=0.039) in the “4+2” protocol group. The total visibility score was unaffected by the fasting protocol (5.0 [4.0–5.0] vs 4.0 [4.0–5.0], p=0.266). No adverse events were observed during the study. Conclusions: The “4+2” protocol was more comfortable and provided equal mucosal visibility and safety compared with conventional fasting for unsedated EGD. (
Theoretical study on photoelectric properties of lead-free mixed inorganic perovskite RbGe1-xSnxI3
Xi-Zi Deng,Qian-Qi Zhao,Yu-Qing Zhao,Meng-Qiu Cai 한국물리학회 2019 Current Applied Physics Vol.19 No.3
The recent discoveries of lead-free halide perovskites have come into notice as promising photovoltaic materials due to their high solar-to-electrical efficiency conversion. However, these perovskites suffer from large effective masses, wide band gap and affected photovoltaic performance. It is well known that it is an effective means to overcome the above shortcomings by changing the metallic ion concentration and position for the inorganic perovskite. Herein, we study the geometrical, electronic, and optical properties of RbGe1-xSnxI3 with various compositions of metal atoms by performing the Density Functional Theory (DFT). Besides, we systematically investigate how the doping positions of stannum (Sn) atoms affect the electronic structure by taking mixed metal RbGe0.50Sn0.50I3 compound as an example. The results show that RbGe1-xSnxI3 exhibits the semiconducting property with the tunable direct band gaps by changing its proportions. Compared to other two doping positions in the perovskite RbGe0.50Sn0.50I3, the configuration with Sn atom at equator plane has better mobility of electron and optical absorption properties. Our works demonstrate that the modification of metal concentration and position will modulate the optoelectronic performance and photovoltaic properties of mixed metal perovskites.