FCT 5 : Fractional laser-assisted topical imiquimod 5% cream treatment for recalcitrant common warts in children

( Hyun Chang Ko ),( Jeong Min Kim ),( Hyun Ho Cho1 ),( Won Jeong Kim ),( Je Ho Mun ),( Margaret Song ),( Hoon Soo Kim ),( Byung Soo Kim ),( Moon Bum Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2013 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.65 No.2

Background: Conventional destructive modalities for warts like cryotherapy or laser ablation have some limitations that are excruciating pain during procedure, in especially pediatric patients. Imiquimod is a topical immune response modifier that was approved for treating genital and perianal warts. But, thick stratum corneum of common warts may act as a barrier against drug permeation via the skin. Objectives: To evaluate efficacy and safety of above treatment. Methods: Eleven pediatric patients (6 female and 5 male, mean age 12.5 years) were included in this study. The lesions were treated by fractional 2940 nm Er:YAG laser for achieving the penetration of stratum corneum with 1 or 2 weeks intervals. Then, imiquimod 5% cream was self-applied once daily for 5 days a week. Assessment of response and adverse effects was performed every 2 weeks until complete clearance or up to maximum of 48 weeks. Pain during procedure was checked by VAS (0-10). Results: 8 out of 11 (72.7%) patients experienced complete clearance of all warts lesions. Mean duration of total treatment was 29.7 (16-48) weeks. Mean number of fractional laser treatment was 17.5 (8-37) times. No significant adverse effect was observed. VAS score of the pain during fractional laser treatment was 2.4 (1-4), comparing with 6.2 (5-8) during cryotherapy. Conclusion: Fractional ErYAG laser-assisted topical 5% imiquimod cream is an effective and safe treatment option for recalcitrant common warts of the children do not tolerate pain well.

선천성 관동정맥루의 경피적 경도관 Coil 색전 1례

조준식,김동수,서정기,장양수,김현승,이도연 대한순환기학회 1997 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.27 No.9

돼지생식기호흡기 증후군(PRRS) 바이러스 감염시킨 돼지 기관의 병리학적 관찰

조성환,김현수,윤원기,전무형,류시윤,박배근,손화영,김무강 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 1996 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.4 No.-

The porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus was inoculated into swine tracheal organ culture. The ballooning degeneration of the tracheal ciliated epithelium and a decrease of ciliary activity from the tracheal organs infected with PRRS virus were observed one day post-infection(PI). Tracheal epithelium showed degeneration and focal necrosis 2 days PI. Epithelial necrosis and loss of cilia and epithelial cells became more severe 3 and 4 days PI. An entire loss of cilia and epithelial cells were recognized 4 days PI, however, control tracheal organs were normal during the period of the experiment except a little decrease of ciliary activities with time..

두부 사측방 촬영술에 의한 건조하악골의 과두영상고찰

조경수,정현대 전남대학교 치과대학 1992 전남치대논문집 Vol.4 No.1

Transcranial radiography has the benefit of providing low equipment cost, and it does not require additional space. The diagnosis of the internal derangement can be made on the basis of the measurement of the joint space by using transcranial radiograph. Thus transcranial radiography is one of the most commonly used radiographic techniques of the diagnosis of TMJ disorders. It is generally known that the transcranial radiograph delineates the lateral third of the condyle. This article intends to help reader understand the morphology of the condylar bony structures through the transcranial radiography. Four radiopaque wire were placed on the condyla surface at intervals of two millimeter from the lateral pole. Using 20 dry mandibles and an Accurad-200 healholder (Denar Corp. U.S.A.). The transcranial radiographs were taken. The results were as follows: 1. The wires that are attached at the distance of 2㎜ from the lateral pole delineate the anterior partition of the condylar outline in the standard and corrected transcranial radiographs. 2. The anterosuperior partition of the condylar outline consists mainly of the image of the wires that are attached at the distance of 2.4㎜ from the lateral pole. 3. The posterosuperior partition of the condylar outline consists mainly of the image of the wires that are attached at the distance of 4.6㎜ from the lateral pole. 4. The posterior partition of the condylar outline consists mainly of the image of the wires that are attached at the distance of 6, 8㎜ from the lateral pole.

화순 백암리유적 조사보고

조현종,은화수 한국고고미술연구소 2005 고고학지 Vol.14 No.-

화순 백암리 유적은 전라남도 화순군 능주면 백암리의 전(田) 355-3번지에 위치하며 민묘 이장작업의 과정에서 한국식동검(韓國式銅劍)과 동과(銅戈)가 발견됨으로써 유구의 잔존여부를 확인하기 위해 발굴조사가 이루어졌다. 조사결과, 유구는 남동-북서방향으로 길게 이어지는 낮은 구릉의 정상부와 사면에서 송국리형주거지와 적석목관묘가 확인되었다. 백암리 유적은 청동유물이 다량 출토된 대곡리 유적과 직선거리로 약 3.75km에 위치한다. 주거지는 평면 형태가 원형이고 중앙에 타원형 구덩이를 갖춘 송국리형이다. 주거지에서의 출토유물은 석기, 옥, 점토대토기편 등으로 점토대토기가 출토되었다는 점에서 축조 시기는 상대적으로 늦다고 볼 수 있다. 적석목관묘는 훼손되기는 하였지만 매장유적에 사용한 돌의 존재를 통해 적석목관묘로 파악할 수 있었다. 적석목관묘에서 수습된 유물은 한국식동검, 동과, 정문경(精文鏡), 관옥(管玉), 삼각형 석촉(石鏃), 흑도편(黑陶片) 등이다. 백암리 한국식동검은 동부가 길고 등대가 봉부까지 굵게 이어져 공주·연기·당진·장수 등지의 유적에서 철기가 출현한 이후 동검들에서 많이 보이는 특징을 갖추고 있다. 정문경은 2구식으로 함평 초포리유적 및 장수 남양리 유적과 관련되는 시점으로 추정해볼 수 있다. 이상과 같은 정황으로 보아 백암리 유적은 비록 철기가 확인되지는 않았지만 철기가 유입되고 확산되는 단계의 시기에 해당하는 것으로 추정된다. 따라서 백암리 유적은 기원전 2세기 전후하여 조영된 것으로 볼 수 있다. The Baekam-ri site was accidentally found during movement of a modem burial in April 2003. During the process, a so-called Korean-style bronze dagger and a spearhead were discovered at the location. Subsequent excavation revealed that the archaeological features at the site were mostly located on the top and side of the hill (68 meters above the sea level). They were arranged linearly along the southeast-northwest axis. The excavated archaeological features include a pit-dwelling and a stone-mounded wooden coffin tomb. The pit-dwelling is so-called Songguk-ri style. It has circular plane shape and an oval pit is placed in the center. The oval pit has one central posthole and two additional postholes whose axis does not run over the central posthole. This probably indicates that the pit-dwelling was renovated at least one time. The artifacts excavated from the site include stone tools, jade ornament, and ring-rimmed pottery. The discovery of ring-rimmed pottery indicates that the site was occupied relatively late during the Bronze period. The long axis of the tomb is aligned to the north and south and is perpendicular to the ridge of the hill. The coffin was placed underground. The artifacts recovered from the tomb include a so-called Korean-style bronze dagger, a bronze spearhead, a fine-grained bronze mirror, some tubular jade, a triangular stone arrowhead, and pieces of black burnished pottery. The Korean-style bronze dagger from Baekam-ri shows stylistic features that postdate the appearance of iron tools. Furthermore, the fine-grained mirror is in the transitional stage from the three-decoration-zone style to the two-decoration-zone style. Accordingly, despite the absence of iron tools in the Baekamri artifact assemblage, this site is dated to about second century B.C., when iron tools appeared in the Korean-style bronze dagger culture.

안병무의 예수론

조수현 목원대학교 신학연구소 1997 신학과 현장 Vol.7 No.-

백워드 설계에 기반한 융합인재교육(STEAM) 프로그램 개발 및 적용

조수현,박창언 이화여자대학교 사범대학 교과교육연구소 2013 교과교육학연구 Vol.17 No.4

본 연구는 백워드 설계 모형에 기반한 과학 중심융합 인재 교육(STEAM) 프로그램의 개발과 적용 사례를 소개하는 것으로 초등학교에 적합한 융합인 재교육(STEAM) 방법을 논의하는 데 목적을 두고 있다. 본 연구의 연구 문제는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 백워드 설계에 기반한 초등 과학과 STEAM교육 프로그램은 어떻게 구성할 수 있는가? 둘째, 백워드 설계에 기반한 초등 과학과 STEAM교육이 학습자의 융합적 소양측면에서 어떠한 영향을 미치는가? 또한 본프로그램에 대한 교사들의 숙의는 어떠한가? 현재 국가정책적으로 융합인 재교육을 굉장히 강조하고 있는 추세이다. 이러한 현실에서 본 연구는 STEAM교육을 초등 일반 단위 학급 내에서 어떻게 효과적으로 구현될 수 있을지에 대한 고민으로부터 출발하여 STEAM 프로그램을 개발하고 실질적 운영 사례를 통해 STEAM교육 실천 가능성에 대한 경험적 논의를 시도하였다. 본 연구는 초등학교 3학년 동물 단원을 대상으로 한 초등융합 인재 교육 프로그램 개발 및 적용 연구로서 이해 중심설계 방식인 백워드의 원리와 Drake의 탈교과적 방법에 기초해 융합인 재교육 프로그램을 개발하였다. 또한 STEAM교육을 실행하고 있는 현장 교사들의 협의를 바탕으로 현장의 상황과 요구를 최대한 반영하여 프로그램을 개발하였다. 그리고 이를 직접 적용해 본 것을 학생들의 융합적 소양에 대한 검토뿐 아니라 실제 교사들의 숙의와 경험적 맥락에서 분석하고 논의하였다는데 의의가 있다. 이 연구를 통해 얻은 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 본 프로그램의 효과를 알아보기 위해 실험반과 비교반의 사전․ 사후 융합적 소양검사를 해본 결과 감성적 체험, 창의적 설계, 내용 융합의 측면에서 STEAM을 적용한 실험 반 학생들의 결과가 비교반에 비해 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 본 프로그램 공개 수업후 교사협의 내용을 상황 제시, 창의적 설계, 감성적 체험의 세 가지 STEAM 요소 관점에서 분석해 본 결과 본프로그램에 대해 긍정적인 반응이 나타났다 This study introduces the development and application of S-STEAM education conducted with third-grade students in J elementary school. It suggests an ideal teaching/learning methodology for STEAM education suitable for elementary science and shares ideas about STEAM education. The focus of this study is the following. First, how could the STEAM program for science be organized based on backward design? Second, how would the students think and feel about the STEAM factors after the STEAM program? And, through deliberative procedures, how would teachers feel about a program based on STEAM? The most significant meaning about this program is that it was developed on a basis of teacher discussions and classroom situations, followed by incisive consultations about STEAM. The results are as follows. The effectiveness of this program was analyzed by students and teachers on a basis of three STEAM factors developed by the Korea Foundation for the Advancement of Science and Creativity. The program seems to be effective and meaningful for elementary science STEAM education. Two main methods were used: backward design that pursued an understanding of topics and a trans-disciplinary methodology. These provided the procedure for the organization of this program and were key to the success of the STEAM program that was developed in this study.

슈만의 피아노작품「크라이스레리아나, op.16」과 E.T.A.호프만의 소설「카터 무어」에 나타난 구조적 연관성

조현수 명지대학교 예체능연구소 1999 藝體能論集 Vol.10 No.-

The Relationship between literature and music implied in R.Schumann's Kreisleriana provides performers with specific clues to understanding the content of the music. It is thought that E.T.A. Hoffmann's novel, Kater Murr might have influenced Schumann when he wrote Kreisleriana. They share the similar structure and character. The purpose of this paper is to compare Kreisleriana with Kater Murr in order (1) to understand how the music is structured as a unified cycle even though it is often fragmentary, and includes abrupt contrasts, and (2) to discover how Schumann associated particular compositional techniques with different kinds of emotional expression or character portrayal.

Co-계비정질 리본의 자기특성에 미치는 열처리 효과에 관한 연구

조치현,신용진,문현욱,서강수 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 1993 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.12 No.-

This thesis describes the effect of annealing on the magnetic properties of Co-bsaed amorphous. The basic composition of the chosen samples were Co82Si2B15 of zero magnetostriction. The sample was melted in the quartz tube with 0.5[mm∮) nozzle. and the single roll technique was used to make a amorphous ribbon, under Ar-gas pressure 0.6〔kg/cm2] and ro11 speed 28[m/sec]. The average width and thickness of sample ribbons 2.4[mm] and 45(㎛). The sample ribbons were annealed to improve the magnetic properties at temperature of 325,350,375,400 and 450℃ respectively, for 15,30,45,60 and 120 [min] at each temperature. And I have measured high per meability of 8,000∼ 13,000 through the annealed amorphous ribbons. Especially, when the amorhpous samples were annealed at 325 for 45min, the permeability of the ribbon was 13,589. Consequently. I had effects of the improvment of permeability and the average loss at the low-frequency region.

Renca 마우스 종양모델에서 지구성운동이 종양형성에 미치는 영향

조정제,안현종,김성수,김창주 대한스포츠의학회 2003 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.21 No.1

Subcutaneous injection of cells from renal adenocarcinoma line, renca, into Balb/c mice induces fast growing solid tumors. This method has been used to speculate the efficacy of cytokine treatment for tumor regression. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of treadmill exercise on tumor growth using renca mouse tumor model. We also examined the expression pattern of several genes related to immune response after exercise training for 4 weeks. Exercise training reduced the size of tumor mass compared to that of non-exercised group in tumor cell recipient mice. Natural killer(NK) cell activity showed no significant difference between exercised and non-exercised groups in tumor cell non-recipient mice. Although NK cell activity of non-recipients was higher than tumor cell recipients, NK cell activity of exercised group was significantly lower than non-exercised group among tumor cell recipients. There were no significant differences in mRNA expressions of cytokines. scavenger receptors, and neuropeptieds which are related to immune response, while mRNA expression of TGF-beta was significantly reduced both in spleen and in tumor mass by treadmill exercise. Based on the results presented in this study, endurance exercise has shown the possibility to suppress tumor formation.