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Steel Coped Beam with Functionally Graded Material for Offshore Topside: Numerical Investigations
Chandrasekaran Srinivasan,Thennavan M. 한국강구조학회 2024 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.24 No.3
The use of rolled steel sections is typical in off shore topside, while recent developments are focused on coped sections to accommodate service lines and fi re hydrants. Coped beams are better alternatives without compromising the load-bearing capacity and shear strength. On the topside, the use of coped beams is helpful in creating a more orderly, safe, and undisturbed workspace for laying service mains and fi re hydrants; otherwise, they pose a general threat to the topside functional safety. Coped beam replaces the stack of service mains without compromising on the strength requirements of the web. Enhanced safety and improved aesthetics of the topside design are additional advantages. The present study investigates a coped beam with functionally graded material (FGM) to accommodate the services mains in a safer mode without losing its strength; corrosion resistance is also investigated as an additional requirement for any leak occurring from the mains. A coped beam of FGM and X52 steel is investigated under conventional loads and compared for their strength and serviceability requirements. Parameters such as cope length and depth are varied as per the design requirements. FGM coped beams showed higher load-carrying capacity even under the larger coped sections. Under deeper web sections, the cope depth and length have a signifi cant impact on the buckling and load-carrying capacity. For all the chosen coped sections, FGM beams registered a signifi cant reduction in buckling stress compared to X52 steel beams in the coped region, indicating the former is a better candidate for such applications.
Chandrasekaran, S.,Karunanithi, S. The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2015 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.33 No.1
This paper is concerned with the existence of mild solutions for partial neutral functional integrodifferential equations with infinite delay in Banach spaces. The results are obtained by using resolvent operators and Krasnoselski-Schaefer type fixed point theorem. An example is provided to illustrate the results.
Response of triceratops to impact forces: numerical investigations
Chandrasekaran, Srinivasan,Nagavinothini, R. Techno-Press 2019 Ocean systems engineering Vol.9 No.4
Triceratops is one of the new generations of offshore compliant platforms suitable for ultra-deepwater applications. Apart from environmental loads, the offshore structures are also susceptible to accidental loads. Due to the increase in the risk of collision between ships and offshore platforms, the accurate prediction of structural response under impact loads becomes necessary. This paper presents the numerical investigations of the impact response of the buoyant leg of triceratops usually designed as an orthogonally stiffened cylindrical shell with stringers and ring frames. The impact analysis of buoyant leg with a rectangularly shaped indenter is carried out using ANSYS explicit analysis solver under different impact load cases. The results show that the shell deformation increases with the increase in impact load, and the ring stiffeners hinder the shell damage from spreading in the longitudinal direction. The response of triceratops is then obtained through hydrodynamic response analysis carried out using ANSYS AQWA. From the results, it is observed that the impact load on single buoyant leg causes periodic vibration in the deck in the surge and pitch degrees of freedom. Since the impact response of the structure is highly affected by the geometric and material properties, numerical studies are also carried out by varying the strain rate, and the location of the indenter and the results are discussed.
Modeling and Control of Three-Phase Self-Excited Induction Generator Connected to Grid
Chandrasekaran Natarajan,Karthikeyan A 한국전기전자재료학회 2017 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.18 No.5
This paper presents the dynamic modeling, analysis, and control of an AC/DC/AC-assisted, self-excited induction generator connected to the grid. The dynamic model includes wind turbine models with pitch control, gear boxes, self-excited induction generators, excitation capacitance, inductive load models, controlled six-pulse rectifiers, and novel state-space models of a grid-connected inverter. The system has been simulated to verify its capabilities of buildup voltage, stator flux response, stator phase current, electromagnetic torque, and magnetizing inductance variation during both the dynamic and steady states with a variable-speed prime mover. The complete setup of the above dynamic models was simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK.
Chandrasekaran, Sundaram,Bowen, Chris,Roscow, James,Zhang, Yan,Dang, Dinh Khoi,Kim, Eui Jung,Misra, R.D.K.,Deng, Libo,Chung, Jin Suk,Hur, Seung Hyun Elsevier 2019 Physics reports Vol.792 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This comprehensive review focuses on recent advances in energy harvesting of micro-scale and nano-scale generators based on piezoelectric and triboelectric effects. The development of flexible and hybrid devices for a variety of energy harvesting applications are systematically reviewed. A fundamental understanding of the important parameters that determine the performance of piezoelectric, triboelectric and hybrid devices are summarized. Current research directions being explored and the emerging factors to improve harvester functionality and advance progress in achieving high performance and durable energy conversion are provided. Investigations with regard to integrating flexible matrices and optimizing the composition of the piezoelectric and triboelectric materials are examined to enhance device performance and improve cost-effectiveness for the commercial arena. Finally, future research trends, emerging device structures and novel materials in view of imminent developments and harvesting applications are presented.</P>
Chandrasekaran, S.,Choi, W.M.,Chung, J.S.,Hur, S.H.,Kim, E.J. North-Holland 2014 Materials Letters Vol.136 No.-
Three dimensional (3D) crumpled reduced graphene oxide (RGO)-Co<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> nanohybrids were synthesized via a novel and facile solution method for use in UV-induced hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The synthesized RGO-Co<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> was calcined at a temperature from 300<SUP>o</SUP>C to 500<SUP>o</SUP>C to examine the effect of calcination on its HER activity. The 500<SUP>o</SUP>C-calcined 3D-crumpled RGO-Co<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> exhibited the highest photocurrent density under UV illumination due to the improved interfacial hole transfer and suppressed electron recombination. In addition, it also showed excellent durability even after 1000 cycles in acidic solution.
Chandrasekaran, S.,Kim, E.J.,Chung, J.S.,Yoo, I.K.,Senthilkumar, V.,Kim, Y.S.,Bowen, C.R.,Adamaki, V.,Hyun Hur, S. Elsevier 2017 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL -LAUSANNE- Vol.309 No.-
This is the first demonstration of four distinct types of Lead Magnesium Titanate (PMT) perovskites including spheres, flakes, hierarchical flower and thin microbelt shapes that were finely tuned via facile solution method to develop cost effective and high performance photoanode materials for water splitting. The influence of solvent effects during structural tuning, purity, morphology, optical absorption, structural phase transition and stoichiometric formation of the prepared Lead Magnesium Titanate perovskites has been discussed in detail. A remarkable observation is that the thin microbelts structured PMT perovskite (PMTT) exhibited an excellent water splitting performance and it is more sensitive to the illuminated visible light. Owing to the unique structural features, the photoconversion efficiency value of PMTT perovskite is ~3.9, 3.54, 2.85 and 1.52 times higher than those of other prepared PMT perovskites including pristine PbTiO<SUB>3</SUB>. The excellent water splitting performance of PMTT (thin microbelts) may be ascribed to the remarkable structural features that include a large surface area, high optical absorbance, more active sites and high interface area of the microbelts, which provide large contact areas between the electrolyte and highly active materials for electrolyte diffusion and a rapid route for charge transfer with minimal diffusion resistance. In addition, each thin microbelt is directly in contact with the Ni foam substrate, which can also shorten the diffusion path for the electrons. The demonstrated approach paves the way for low-cost and high-throughput production of next generation, high performance and highly active water splitting perovskite photocatalysts.
Mathieu stability of offshore Buoyant Leg Storage & Regasification Platform
Chandrasekaran, S.,Kiran, P.A. Techno-Press 2018 Ocean systems engineering Vol.8 No.3
Increasing demand for large-sized Floating, Storage and Regasification Units (FSRUs) for oil and gas industries led to the development of novel geometric form of Buoyant Leg Storage and Regasification Platform (BLSRP). Six buoyant legs support the deck and are placed symmetric with respect to wave direction. Circular deck is connected to buoyant legs using hinged joints, which restrain transfer of rotation from the legs to deck and vice-versa. Buoyant legs are connected to seabed using taut-moored system with high initial pretension, enabling rigid body motion in vertical plane. Encountered environmental loads induce dynamic tether tension variations, which in turn affect stability of the platform. Postulated failure cases, created by placing eccentric loads at different locations resulted in dynamic tether tension variation; chaotic nature of tension variation is also observed in few cases. A detailed numerical analysis is carried out for BLSRP using Mathieu equation of stability. Increase in the magnitude of eccentric load and its position influences fatigue life of tethers significantly. Fatigue life decreases with the increase in the amplitude of tension variation in tethers. Very low fatigue life of tethers under Mathieu instability proves the severity of instability.