INVISIBLE PAB DOOR DEVELOPMENT USING TWO-SHOT MOLDING

Byung Seok Kong,Dong Kyou Park 한국자동차공학회 2019 International journal of automotive technology Vol.20 No.2

Invisible Passenger Airbag (IPAB) door system must be designed with a weakened area such that the airbag will break through the Instrument Panel (IP) in the intended manner, with no flying debris at any temperature. At the same time, there must be no cracking or sharp edges at the head impact test (ECE 21.01). Needless to say, Head impact test must keep pace with the deployment test. In this paper, we suggested soft airbag door system that is integrally molded with a hard instrument panel by using Two-shot molding. First of all, we set up the design parameters of IPAB door for the optimal deployment and head impact performance by CAE analysis. And then we optimized the open-close time at each gate of the mold so that the soft and hard material could be integrally molded with the intended boundary. We could make the boundary of two materials more constant by controlling the open-close time of each gate with resin temperature sensor.

Prognostic Value of Glioma Cancer Stem Cell Isolation in Survival of Primary Glioblastoma Patients

Kong, Byung Ho,Moon, Ju Hyung,Huh, Yong-Min,Shim, Jin-Kyoung,Lee, Ji-Hyun,Kim, Eui-Hyun,Chang, Jong Hee,Kim, Dong-Seok,Hong, Yong-Kil,Kim, Sun Ho,Lee, Su-Jae,Kang, Seok-Gu Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2014 Stem cells international Vol.2014 No.-

<P>Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been reported to be critical in the initiation, maintenance, and progression of cancers. The expression of stem cell markers, such as podoplanin (PDPN), CD133, and nestin, may have been correlated with malignant progression. However, the effects of CSCs and stem cell markers on clinical outcomes in cancer patients remain unclear. In this study, we assessed the prognostic roles of glioma CSCs (gCSCs) isolation and stem cell markers in patients with primary glioblastoma (pGBM). A cohort of 39 patients with pGBM was separated into two groups, those positive or negative for gCSCs, and the correlation between gCSC and patient survival was evaluated. We observed significantly different cumulative survival (<I>P</I> = 0.045) when comparing patients positive for gCSCs patients and negative for gCSC. Among the patients positive for gCSCs, we observed no significant differences in survival between those whose gCSCs were each positive or negative for PDPN, CD133, or nestin. This study strongly supports the prognostic value of gCSCs isolation on the survival of patients with pGBM.</P>

DESIGN OPTIMIZATION OF THE COWL CROSS BAR - LIGHT COWL CROSS BAR SATISFYING 5 PERFORMANCES -

Byung Seok Kong,Dong Kyou Park 한국자동차공학회 2018 International journal of automotive technology Vol.19 No.3

Nowadays, more lightweight designs is the key goal of all major automotive industries. One of the main sections for more lightweight automotive area is the Cowl cross bar (CCB) assemblies. A cowl cross bar supports a steering system, airbag module, audio, instrument panel and air conditioning system. The CCB integrates these components into the cockpit module and connects to the body. So the CCB must meet the 5 performance requirements, ① NVH requirement to minimize the vibration, ② Crash performance for less deflection, ③ Steering response requirement for steer predictability, ④ Durability performance like the fatigue life and ⑤ Supporting rigidity for the components. In this study, a new methodology for the optimum CCB design is proposed to obtain a more lightweight design considering 5 targeted requirements. At first, for NVH and Steering response performance, 3-steps of optimization was fulfilled in sequence of (1) Size optimization and mounting position, (2) Case studies about the various types of brackets and (3) Shape optimization using the topology. The proposed design and optimization framework was verified whether it could meet the crash, durability and stiffness requirements. The final optimal CCB would be applied to the new platforms of the Hyundai-Kia motors.

Development of Two-Shot Injection-Compression Soft Instrument Panel

Byung-Seok Kong(공병석),Dong-Kyou Park(박동규) 한국산학기술학회 2019 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.20 No.2

자동차 소프트 인스트루먼트 패널의 비용과 중량을 줄이기 위하여 두 가지 사출을 동시에 수행하는 방법을 이용한 새로운 인스투르먼트 패널이 개발되었다. 첫 번째 사출은 뒷면 발포체 포일을 삽입하는 압축 사출을 하는 방법이고, 다른 하나는 동승석 에어백에 도어와 동시에 2샷 사출하는 방법이다. 우리는 그것을 ‘IMX-IP’라고 부르며, 이것은 인스트루먼트 패널의 모든 부품들이 종류가 다른 수지와 하나의 금형 안에서 만들어지는 방법인 것이다. 본 기술의 개발 과정은 (1) TRIZ 기법을 이용한 새로운 사출 금형 설계, (2) 사출 조건의 최적화와 폼의 손실과 두께 편차를 최소화하기 위한 뒷면 발포체 포일의 최적화, (3) 2샷 사출 압축에 대한 CAE 해석 검증, (4) 신뢰성 검증 시험과 양산에의 적용 순서로 이루어져 있다. 뒷면 발포체 포일 삽입을 이용한 2샷 사출을 통한 공정 감소는 개발비와 중량 절감과 함께 소프트 인스투루먼트 패널의 부드러운 느낌을 향상시키는 것을 가능하게 하였다. In order to reduce the cost and weight of the soft-foamed instrument-panel (IP), it was developed the new IP which is made by the two kinds of injection methods. One is the compression-injection with back-foamed foil inserted, and the other is two-shot injection with the passenger airbag door. We named it ‘IMX-IP’ which means that all components (‘X’) of the IP with different resins are made in a mold. The development procedure of this technology was introduced (1) Design of the new injection mold through TRIZ method, (2) Optimization of the injection conditions and back foamed-foil for minimizing the foam loss and thickness deviation, (3) Development of CAE for two-shot injection compression, (4) Reliability performance test and application to the mass production. The reduction of the processes through the two-shot injection with back foamed-foil inserted made it possible to enhance soft feeling on IP and reduce the cost and weight simultaneously.

TWO-SHOT공법을 이용한 INVISIBLE PAB DOOR 개발

공병석(Byung Seok Kong),우창완(Chang Wan Woo),금우연(Woo Yeon Geum) 한국자동차공학회 2009 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2009 No.4

Invisible Passenger-side Airbag (IPAB) door system must be designed with a weakened area such that the airbag will break through the Instrument Panel (IP) in the intended manner, with no flying debris at any temperature. At the same time, there must be no cracking or sharp edges at the head impact test (ECE 21.01). Needless to say, Head impact test must keep pace with the deployment test. In this paper, we suggested soft airbag door system that is integrally molded with a hard instrument panel by using Two-shot molding. First of all, we set up the design parameters for the optimal deployment and head impact performance of IPAB door by CAE analysis. And then we optimized the molding condition by controlling the open-close time at each gate of the mold. We could keep the boundary of two materials by making gate-time controlled through resin temperature sensor.

UGT1A7 haplotype is associated with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis B carriers

Kong, Sun-Young,Ki, Chang-Seok,Yoo, Byung Chul,Kim, Jong-Won Wiley (Blackwell Publishing) 2008 CANCER SCIENCE Vol.99 No.2

<P>The UGT1A7 gene encodes UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, a key enzyme catalyzing the glucuronidation of various carcinogens. In this study, we investigated the association between haplotypes of the whole UGT1A7 gene and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Sequence analysis of exon1 and the promoter region of the UGT1A7 gene was carried out to determine haplotype profiles for 244 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, 223 hepatitis B carriers, and 314 healthy control subjects. Hepatitis B carriers with haplotypes other than haplotype 1 (Ht1; CTCTCGTG at -341, -57, 33, 387, 391, 392, 622, and 756) had a significantly greater risk of developing HCC with odds ratios (OR) of 1.67 (95% confidence interval [CI]; 1.11-2.52) for Ht1/others and 1.85 (95% CI; 1.09-3.14) for others/others. In multivariate logistic regression analysis including age and haplotypes from Ht1 to Ht4, the presence of Ht2 (CGAGAACG) or Ht4 (CTCGAATG) was associated with HCC risk (OR = 1.45 [95% CI; 1.03-2.03] and 4.95 [95% CI; 1.75-13.98], respectively). The results of this study show that the UGT1A7 haplotype is a suitable susceptibility marker for the development of HCC in hepatitis B carriers.</P>

Effect of OPU Session Periods on the Efficiency of In Vitro Embryo Production in Elite Korean Native Cow

Byung-Hyun Choi,Seok-Hwan Song,Bun-Young Park,Rami Kong,Mi-Ju Son,Chan-Sang park,Nyeon-Hak Shin,Hye-Young Cheon,Sung-Hoon Lee,Jong-In Jin,Jung-Gyu Lee,Il-Keun Kong 한국수정란이식학회 2018 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.33 No.4

Up-to-date artificial insemination (AI) using frozen sperm consider as the most widely using technology for improvement of Korean Native Cow (Hanwoo) embryo production. However, it is time consuming, required at least 15~20 years to make more than 6 generations, and their offspring number is limited. To overcome such limitations, superovulation and in vitro fertilization have been developed. For superovulation, the number of produced embryos are not enough for commercialization and donor cows need rest period. This led to use of slaughterhouse ovary for in vitro fertilization, but it is impossible to repeat the collection from the same individual and it only can improve the genetic merits of offspring for one generation. Production of embryos using Ovum Pick-Up (OPU) technique, where oocytes can be repeatedly collected from living elite donor, might overcome these limitations. In this study, we investigated the possibility of using OPU technique from donors at different age and different session periods for mass-embryo-production. Oocytes were collected from 26 donor cows twice per week, 3 - 4 months per year, between 2013 and 2016. Results showed that, the average number of embryo produced in first year used donor was significantly higher than that in second year used donor (3.89 ± 2.85 vs 3.29 ± 2.70), however, there was no significant difference between third year used donor (3.51 ± 3.32) and other groups. Taken together, our data showed that repeated using of donor up to three years is possible for in vitro embryo mass-production. Moreover, OPU can be used as suitable embryo producing technique for livestock breed improvement.

Increased in vivo angiogenic effect of glioma stromal mesenchymal stem-like cells on glioma cancer stem cells from patients with glioblastoma.

Kong, Byung Ho,Shin, Hyun-Do,Kim, Se-Hoon,Mok, Hyun-Su,Shim, Jin-Kyoung,Lee, Ji-Hyun,Shin, Hye-Jin,Huh, Yong-Min,Kim, Eui-Hyun,Park, Eun-Kyung,Chang, Jong Hee,Kim, Dong-Seok,Hong, Yong-Kil,Kim, Sun Ho Lychnia 2013 International journal of oncology Vol.42 No.5

<P>The presence of glioma stromal mesenchymal stem?like cells (GS-MSLCs) in tumors from glioma patients has been previously reported. The mechanisms through which these cells function as a part of the glioma microenvironment, however, remain incompletely understood. We investigated the biological effects of GS-MSLCs on glioma cancer stem cells (gCSCs), testing the hypothesis that GS-MSLCs alter the biological characteristics of gCSCs. GS-MSLCs and gCSCs were isolated from different glioblastoma (GBM) specimens obtained from patients. In in vitro experiments, gCSCs were cultured alone or co-cultured with GS-MSLCs, and gCSCs cell counts were compared between the two groups. In addition, two groups of orthotopic GBM xenografts in mice were created, one using gCSCs from the monoculture group and one using gCSCs isolated from the co-culture group, and tumor volume and survival were analyzed. Furthermore, in vivo proliferation, apoptosis and vessel formation were examined using immunohistochemical analyses. In vitro cell counts for gCSCs co-cultured with GS-MSLCs increased 3-fold compared to gCSCs cultured alone. In orthotopic xenograft experiments, mice injected with gCSCs isolated from the co-culture group had significantly larger tumor volume, measured on day 40 after injection, and their survival times were shorter. Immunohistochemical analysis showed increased tumor expression of CD31, indicative of enhanced microvessel formation in mice injected with gCSCs co-cultured with GS-MSLCs compared to mice injected with gCSCs cultured alone. However, proliferation (PCNA) and apoptosis (TUNEL) markers showed no significant difference between the two groups. In conclusion, GS-MSLCs may influence the biological properties of gCSCs, shifting them towards a more aggressive status; moreover, increased angiogenesis may be a critical component of this mechanism.</P>

1?F-FDG PET SUVmax as an indicator of histopathologic response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in extremity osteosarcoma.

Kong, Chang-Bae,Byun, Byung Hyun,Lim, Ilhan,Choi, Chang Woon,Lim, Sang Moo,Song, Won Seok,Cho, Wan Hyeong,Jeon, Dae-Geun,Koh, Jae-Soo,Yoo, Ji Young,Lee, Soo-Yong Springer-Verlag 2013 European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular Vol.40 No.5

<P>This study evaluated the usefulness of the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) as a measure of histologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with extremity osteosarcoma. The correlation between [(18)?F]FDG PET SUVmax values and histologic response to preoperative chemotherapy was also assessed prospectively using PET/MRI.</P>

Reference intervals for circulating angiogenic cytokines.

Kong, Sun-Young,Lee, Hye Lin,Eom, Hyeon-Seok,Park, Weon-Seo,Yun, Tak,Kim, Hyun-Ju,Nam, Byung-Ho,Seong, Moon-Woo,Lee, Do-Hoon Walter de Gruyter 2008 Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine Vol.46 No.4

<P>BACKGROUND: The levels of angiogenic cytokines are important in the definition of baseline characteristics of cancers and to predict patient prognosis; however, the reference intervals for angiogenic cytokines have received only limited attention. Herein, we obtained reference intervals for angiogenic cytokines, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hepatocyte growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, interleukin-6, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2. METHODS: We measured these materials in serum, plasma and urine of 131 controls, according to the guidelines of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. We analyzed the association between angiogenic cytokine levels and other laboratory parameters and explored whether polymorphisms in angiogenic cytokine genes affect the levels of cytokines. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS: These data allowed us to construct reference intervals for angiogenic cytokines, and we also observed that concentrations of angiogenic cytokines generally do not vary with genotype or haplotype. An exception was serum VEGF concentration; this level was marginally affected by the -1154 VEGF polymorphism.</P>