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최초 침전지를 대체하기 위한 고속생물막 침전지의 특성에 관한 연구
강용태,장성부,조용현 동아대학교 건설기술연구소 2003 硏究報告 Vol.27 No.1
It is not easy to find reasonable area for construction of wastewater treatment facility. and biological treatment such as a conventional activated sludge process can't remove non-point source pollutant in initial rainfall, sufficiently. So if we use physical treatment and disinfection process, combined sewer overflows don't cause significant pollution. In this study, to reduce area of wastewater treatment facility, the rapid biofilm clarifier was configurated and its characteristics were analyzed according to the velocity of filtration and cycles of backwash. Specific characteristics of the rapid biofilm clarifier with 50 ㎥/d of volume were represented that Turbidity and SS removal rate was 30.2%, 30.9% respectively, and that of BOD and COD was 22.0%, 21.0% without regard to change of quality of raw water. By comparing the rapid biofilm clarifier and clarifier of conventional activated sludge process with having 50 ㎥/㎡·d, of surface-loading rate and 2.0 m of depth, we could know the rapid biofilm clarifier could reduce area of clarifier 11 times as much than that of conventional activated sludge process. Cycle of backwash was represented as 24, 18, and 24 hours when velocity of filtration was 222 ㎥/㎡·d, 333 ㎥/㎡·d, and 555 ㎥/㎡·d, and BOD. SS biologically removed in the rapid biofilm clarifier was 342.80, 346.82 g/d, 258.08, 222.72 g/d, and 143.36, 136.52 g/d respectively.
원수주입위치 변화에 따른 침지식 막반응조의 처리특성과 중수도 적용성 평가에 관한 연구
강용태,조용현,장성부 동아대학교 건설기술연구소 2003 硏究報告 Vol.27 No.1
Nowadays, Water is deteriorating with several reasons such as increase of wastewater which is flowed into river and limitation of water resource. Therefore, we concentrate on plans for securing of water resource by reusing wastewater treatment effluent. In this study, reuse system was organized using submerged membrane bioreactor(SMBR) consisted of anoxic, select, and aerobic tank with membrane as plan for solving problems mentioned above and optimized operating hydrauric retention time(HRT) was found by comparing with the characteristics of treatment with several HRT. Also, the lst floor and 2nd floor membrane module were analyzed to find more effective operating condition in SMBR. Specific characteristics of treatment for waste water SMBR was represented as follows. we could know below 10㎎/L of BOD, below 5㎎/L of COD, 0 ㎎/L of SS without regard to change of HRT, which was satisfied with the standard of reuse water. Optimized HRT was 2.3hr and by composing the 2nd floor membrane module, air flow rate could be reduced 28.5% lower than of the 1st floor membrane.
박병윤,이부용,양소영,강상재,이동훈 대구효성가톨릭대학교 응용과학연구소 1997 응용과학연구논문집 Vol.6 No.1
본 연구에서는 전통적으로 우리 식탁의 주요 부식으로 이용되어온 콩나물과 미나리를 Cd와 Pb가 함유된 배양액으로 재배하는 동안 이들 채소에 Cd와 Pb 가 어느 정도 흡수되는가를 조사하였다. 또한 수경재배에서 Cd와 Pb에 의한 콩나물의 생육장해 정도를 조사하였다. 배양액속에 함유된 Pb이온은 재배기간 동안 미나리와 콩나물 체내로 쉽게 흡 수되었다. 그리고 미나리는 콩나물보다 더 많은 양의 Pb를 흡수하였는데, 이 는 미나리의 줄기에 다량의 뿌리가 붙어있기 때문인 것으로 생각된다. 또한 배양액속의 Pb의 농도와 미나리와 콩나물 체내에 축적된 Pb의 함량과는 높은 상관성을 나타내었는데, 각각의 상관계수(r^2)는 0.9411, 0.9828이었다. Cd역시 Pb와 마찬가지로 재배기간 동안 미나리와 콩나물 체내로 쉽게 흡수되 었다. 또한 배양액속의 Cd의 농도와 미나리와 콩나물 체내에 축적된 Cd의 함 량과는 높은 상관성을 나타내었는데, 각각의 상관계수(r^2)은 0.9900, 0.9054이었다. 그러나 두 식물체에서 Pb의 흡수 경우와는 달리 배양액속에 함유되어 있는 Cd의 농도가 높을 경우 콩나물이 미나리보다 더 많은 Cd을 흡수하였다. 콩나물의 경우에는 Cd과 Pb이 재배기간 동안 거의 비슷한 양으로 흡수되었으며, 그리고 배양액 속에 함유된 이들 중금속들과 콩나물 체내에 축적된 중금속들 사이의 직선회귀선의 기울기도 거의 유사하였다. 그러나 미나리의 경우에는 Pb이 Cd보다 상당히 많은 양이 흡수되었으며, 또한 직선회귀선의 기울기도 Cd보다 Pb의 경우 상당히 크게 나타났다. Cd와 Pb의 농도가 1mg/l일 경우에는 콩나물 길이의 성장 또는 외관상의 생육에 거의 영향이 없었다. 그러나 10mg/l 농도에서부터는 길이의 성장장해뿐만 아니라 외관상으로도 분명한 장해현상이 나타났다. 50mg/l와 100mg/l의 농도에서는 콩나물의 생육장해가 더욱 심해졌다. Pb의 경우에는 100mg/l의 농도에서, Cd의 경우에는 50mg/l의 농도에서부터 재배기간 동안 콩나물의 상당 부분이 썩는 현상이 나타났다. This study was conducted to investigate the uptake of Cd and Pb by vegetables. Bean sprout and dropwort, which are very important for traditional korean dishes, were cultivated in culture fluid added with Cd and Pb cations, and the content of Cd and Pb absorbed by these vegetables were measured. Pb cations in culture fluid were easily absorbed into bean sprout and dropwort. And dropwort absorbed Pb more than bean sprout did. Pb contents of bean sprout and dropwart dramatically increased with increasing Pb concentration in culture fluid. The correlation coefficients(r^2) between Pb contents in dropwort and bean sprout and Pb concentrations in culture fluid were 0.9411 and 0.9828, respectively. Cd cations were also easily absorbed into bean sprout and dropwort. The correlation coefficients(r^2) between Cd contents in dropwort and bean sprout and Cd concentrations in culture fluid were 0.9900 and 0.9054, respectively. The growth of bean sprout was not hindered at the concentration of 1mg/ℓ Cd and Pb in culture fluid. But high Cd and Pb concentrations hindeded remarkably the growth of this vegetable. A large part of bean sprout was rotten at the concentrations of 50 mg/ℓ Cd, and 100 mg/ℓ Pb.
송호준,하대호,유교상,박승택,이강창,서부일 대한본초학회 2002 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.17 No.2
Objectives : To evaluate the toxic effect of methylmercuric chloride(MMC) and the protective effect of Sophorae Radix(SR) in cultured mouse myocardial cells, cytotoxicity was measured by MTT assay Methods : Cultured myocardial cells were incubated for 72 hours in the media containing 5~40 ㎛ concentrations of MMC. And also, the protective effect of SR was determined by sulforhodamine B(SRB) for protein sythesis and radioactive assay for DNA sythesis in these cultures. Results : Cell viability was significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner after cultured myocardial cells were exposed to 20 ㎛ MMC for 72 hours. In the neuroprotective effect of SR on MMC-induced cytotoxicity, SR blocked the MMC-induced myotoxocity in these cultures. Conclusion : It suggests that MMC is toxic against cultured mouse myocardial cells and SR is effective in blocking the meurotoxicity induced by MMC.
Injury trends among foreign and domestic tourists in Jeju from 2008 to 2018
Hwang, Ki Sang,Lee, Sung Kgun,Song, Sung Wook,Kim, Woo Jeong,Kang, Young Joon,Kang, Kyeong Won,Park, Hyun Soo,Park, Chang Bae,Kang, Jeong Ho,Bu, Ji Hwan,Ko, Seo Young Institute for Medical Science 2022 The Journal of Medicine and Life Science Vol.19 No.1
Jeju is the largest island in Korea and one of its key tourist attractions. As the number of foreign tourists steadily increases, so does the number of injuries incurred there. Accordingly, this study aimed to describe and compare the characteristics of injuries suffered by foreign tourists versus those of domestic tourists. As a cross-sectional study of a retrospective medical record survey, the study was conducted with reference to the Jeju Injury Surveillance System from the 11-year period of January 2008 to December 2018. The following factors were investigated: demographic data, mechanism of injury, place of occurrence, activity when injured, patient outcome, and mortality. A total of 92,095 injured Jeju Island visitors was recorded during this time, a number that included 88,050 Koreans and 4,045 foreigners. The gender ratio showed similar patterns between the two groups and there were no significant age differences. In both groups, the most common mechanism of injury was collisions/cuts. Also, more foreigners experienced falls than Koreans. Regarding the location, Koreans had the most road accidents, while foreigners were most likely to be injured at outdoor locations, such as seas and rivers. Furthermore, more foreigners experienced severe injuries requiring hospitalization. Notably, this study showed the differences in injury between foreign and Korean tourists visiting Jeju Island and its findings lend support to targeted safety promotion programs.
( Min Woo Kang ),( Seo Young Ko ),( Sung Wook Song ),( Woo Jeong Kim ),( Young Joon Kang ),( Kyeong Won Kang ),( Hyun Soo Park ),( Chang Bae Park ),( Jeong Ho Kang ),( Ji Hwan Bu ),( Sung Kgun Lee ) 대한외상학회 2021 大韓外傷學會誌 Vol.34 No.1
Purpose: To evaluate the severity of trauma, many scoring systems and predictive models have been presented. The quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) is a simple scoring system based on vital signs, and we expect it to be easier to apply to trauma patients than other trauma assessment tools. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study of trauma patients who visited the emergency department of Jeju National University Hospital. We excluded patients under the age of 18 years and unknown outcomes. We calculated the qSOFA, the Modified Early Warning Score (mEWS), Revised Trauma Score (RTS), and Injury Severity Score (ISS) based on patients’ initial vital signs and assessments performed in the emergency department (ED). The primary outcome was mortality within 14 days of trauma. We analyzed qSOFA scores using multivariate logistic regression analysis and compared the predictive accuracy of these scoring systems using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Results: In total, 27,764 patients were analyzed. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis of the qSOFA, the adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence interval (CI) for mortality relative to a qSOFA score of 0 were 27.82 (13.63-56.79) for a qSOFA score of 1, 373.31 (183.47-759.57) for a qSOFA score of 2, and 494.07 (143.75-1698.15) for a qSOFA score of 3. In the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis for the qSOFA, mEWS, ISS, and RTS in predicting the outcomes, for mortality, the AUROC for the qSOFA (AUROC [95% CI]; 0.912 [0.871-0.952]) was significantly greater than those for the ISS (0.700 [0.608-0.793]) and RTS (0.160 [0.108-0.211]). Conclusions: The qSOFA was useful for predicting the prognosis of trauma patients evaluated in the ED.