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Brusas, John Raymund,Dela Pena, Eden May B. The Korean Electrochemical Society 2021 Journal of electrochemical science and technology Vol.12 No.4
Deep eutectic solvents have been established as feasible metal electroplating solvent alternatives over traditional toxic aqueous plating baths. However, water, either added intentionally or unintentionally, can significantly influence the solvent's physical properties and performance, thereby hindering its industry application. In this study, the hygroscopicity, or the ability to absorb moisture from the environment, of synthesized ethaline (1:2 choline chloride:ethylene glycol) was investigated. The kinematic viscosity, electrical conductivity, electrochemical window, and water content of ethaline were monitored over a 2-week period. Karl Fischer titration tests showed that ethaline exposed to the atmosphere displayed significant hygroscopicity compared to its unexposed counterpart. <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectroscopy revealed that water vapor was readily absorbed at the surface due to the hydrophilic groups present in the ethaline molecule. Water uptake resulted in the decrease in viscosity, increase in electrical conductivity and narrowing of the electrochemical window of ethaline. Solution heating at 100℃ removed the absorbed moisture and allowed the recovery of the solvent's initial properties.
Eugenio Brusa,Enrico Ossola,Raffaele Bonavolontà,Andrea Mazzetto 한국자동차공학회 2020 International journal of automotive technology Vol.21 No.2
The life prediction of mechanical components in presence of Thermo-Mechanical Fatigue (TMF) is a crucial issue of the design activity. In the combustion engine, that action looks rather difficult because of a superposition of several damage phenomena. Some TMF models are currently available in the literature, but they include many parameters, whose calibration usually requires an onerous testing activity. Therefore, industry requires an assessment of those techniques, to be implemented through some simplified and reliable procedures. In this paper, the prediction of TMF life of a lightweight engine component is based on a new procedure, exploiting the isothermal Low-Cycle Fatigue (LCF) and creep tests, some theoretical approaches applied to TMF and numerical modeling. The A356 Aluminum Alloy is analyzed, as an example of strategic material used to design the new automotive lightweight engines. The calibration of TMF models based on the isothermal LCF and creep tests was found reliable. The fatigue life prediction looks compatible with some preliminary experimental results. Therefore, the proposed approach is suitable to simplify the design procedure, to decrease costs, especially related to testing, and to perform a preliminary trade-off activity of the engine layout.