Deletion of the Serotonin Receptor Type 3A in Mice Leads to Sudden Cardiac Death During Pregnancy.

Park, Hyewon,Oh, Chang-Myung,Park, Junbeom,Park, Hyelim,Cui, Shanyu,Kim, Hyung Suk,Namkung, Jun,Park, Sang-Kyu,Pak, Hui-Nam,Lee, Moon-Hyoung,Kim, Hail,Joung, Boyoung Japanese Circulation Society 2015 CIRCULATION JOURNAL Vol.79 No.8

<P>The serotonin receptor type 3 (Htr3) blocker is associated with QT prolongation and torsades de pointes. However, little is known about effects of Htr3 on the heart arrhythmia.Methods?and?Results:An electrophysiological study Involving knock-out (KO) female mice lacking functional Htr3a (Htr3a(-/-)) and their wild-type littermates during non-pregancy (NP) and late pregnancy (LP) was performed. Htr3a mRNA was present in the wild-type, but not in theHtr3a(-/-)mouse hearts. Serotonin and tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (Tph1), a rate-limiting enzyme of serotonin synthesis in hearts, is increased during pregnancy. The heart weight and size were increased in the pregnant mice regardless of a mutation. The QTc intervals were prolonged after pregnancy in both the wild (NP: 171.216.8 vs. LP: 247.714.3 ms; P<0.001) andHtr3a(-/-)mice (NP: 187.918.7 vs. LP: 275.611.0 ms, P<0.001). Compared with wild-type LP mice,Htr3a(-/-)LP mice had increased spontaneous ventricle tarchycardia (VT; 56% vs. 0%, P=0.002), VT inducibility (66% vs. 25%, P=0.002) and mortality (56% vs. 0%, P=0.002). Pharmacologic administration of serotonin and Htr3 agonists (m-CPBG) decreased the QT interval in wild mice, but not inHtr3a(-/-)mice.</P>

Attribution to Heterogeneous Risk Factors for Breast Cancer Subtypes Based on Hormone Receptor and Human Epidermal Growth Factor 2 Receptor Expression in Korea

Park, Boyoung,Choi, Ji-Yeob,Sung, Ho Kyung,Ahn, Choonghyun,Hwang, Yunji,Jang, Jieun,Lee, Juyeon,Kim, Heewon,Shin, Hai-Rim,Park, Sohee,Han, Wonshik,Noh, Dong-Young,Yoo, Keun-Young,Kang, Daehee,Park, Su Wolters Kluwer Health 2016 Medicine Vol.95 No.14

<▼1><P>Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>We conducted a heterogeneous risk assessment of breast cancer based on the hormone receptor (HR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) calculating the risks and population-based attributable fractions (PAFs) for modifiable and nonmodifiable factors.</P><P>Using matched case–control study design from the Seoul Breast Cancer Study and the national prevalence of exposure, the risks and PAFs for modifiable and nonmodifiable factors were estimated for total breast cancers and subtypes.</P><P>The attribution to modifiable factors was different for each subtype (luminal A, PAF = 61.4% [95% confidence interval, CI = 54.3%–69.8%]; luminal B, 21.4% [95% CI = 18.6–24.9%]; HER2-overexpression, 59.4% [95% CI = 47.8%–74.3%], and triple negative tumors [TNs], 27.1% [95% CI = 22.9%–32.4%)], and the attribution to the modifiable factors for the luminal A and HER2-overexpression subtypes was higher than that of the luminal B and TN subtypes (<I>P</I> heterogeneity ≤ 0.001). The contribution of modifiable reproductive factors to luminal A type in premenopausal women was higher than that of the other subtypes (18.2% for luminal A; 3.1%, 8.1%, and −3.1% for luminal B, HER2-overexpression, and TN subtypes, respectively; <I>P</I> heterogeneity ≤ 0.001). Physical activity had the highest impact preventing 32.6% of luminal A, 14.5% of luminal B, 38.0% of HER2-overexpression, and 26.9% of TN subtypes (<I>P</I> heterogeneity = 0.014). Total reproductive factors were also heterogeneously attributed to each breast cancer subtype (luminal A, 65.4%; luminal B, 24.1%; HER2-overexpression, 57.9%, and TN subtypes, −3.1%; <I>P</I> heterogeneity ≤ 0.001).</P><P>Each pathological subtype of breast cancer by HRs and HER2 status may be associated with heterogeneous risk factors and their attributable risk, suggesting a different etiology. The luminal B and TN subtypes seemed to be less preventable despite intervention for alleged risk factors, even though physical activity had a high preventable potential against breast cancer.</P></▼2>

Integrative molecular profiling identifies a novel cluster of estrogen receptor‐positive breast cancer in very young women

Park, Charny,Yoon, Kyong‐,Ah,Kim, Jihyun,Park, In Hae,Park, Soo Jin,Kim, Min Kyeong,Jang, Wooyeong,Cho, Soo Young,Park, Boyoung,Kong, Sun‐,Young,Lee, Eun Sook John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2019 Cancer Science Vol.110 No.5

<P>Very young breast cancer patients are more common in Asian countries than Western countries and are thought to have worse prognosis than older patients. The aim of the current study was to identify molecular characteristics of young patients with estrogen receptor (ER)‐positive breast cancer by analyzing mutations and copy number variants (CNV), and by applying expression profiling. The whole exome and transcriptome of 47 Korean young breast cancer (KYBR) patients (age <35) were analyzed. Genomic profiles were constructed using mutations, CNV and differential gene expression from sequencing data. Pathway analyses were also performed using gene sets to identify biological processes. Our data were compared with young ER+ breast cancer patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. <I>TP53</I>,<I>PIK3CA</I> and <I>GATA3</I> were highly recurrent somatic mutation genes. APOBEC‐associated mutation signature was more frequent in KYBR compared with young TCGA patients. Integrative profiling was used to classify our patients into 3 subgroups based on molecular characteristics. Group A showed luminal A‐like subtype and IGF1R signal dysregulation. Luminal B patients were classified into groups B and C, which showed chromosomal instability and enrichment for APOBEC3A/B deletions, respectively. Group B was characterized by 11q13 (CCND1) amplification and activation of the ubiquitin‐mediated proteolysis pathway. Group C showed 17q12 (ERBB2) amplification and lower ER and progesterone receptor expression. Group C was also distinguished by immune activation and lower epithelial‐mesenchyme transition (EMT) degree compared with group B. This study showed that integrative genomic profiling could classify very young patients with breast cancer into molecular subgroups that are potentially linked to different clinical characteristics.</P>

GIS를 이용한 지하광산 디젤 차량의 운반작업 시 탄소배출량 산정

박보영(Boyoung Park),박세범(Sebeom Park),최요순(Yosoon Choi),박한수(Han-Su Park) 한국암반공학회 2015 터널과지하공간 Vol.25 No.4

Sympathetic nerve blocks promote anti-inflammatory response by activating the JAK2-STAT3–mediated signaling cascade in rat myocarditis models: A novel mechanism with clinical implications

Park, Hyelim,Park, Hyewon,Mun, Dasom,Kim, Michael,Pak, Hui-Nam,Lee, Moon-Hyoung,Joung, Boyoung Elsevier 2018 Heart rhythm Vol.15 No.5

<P><B>Background</B></P> <P>Left stellectomy has become an important therapeutic option for patients with potentially fatal arrhythmias. However, the antiarrhythmic mechanism of left stellectomy is not well known. The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAIP) is a complex immune mechanism that regulates peripheral inflammatory responses.</P> <P><B>Objective</B></P> <P>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of left stellectomy on CAIP using rat experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) models.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>EAM was produced by injecting 2 mg of porcine cardiac myosin into the footpads of rats. Left stellectomy was performed before EAM induction. We evaluated the effect of left stellectomy on arrhythmic events, survival, inflammation, and CAIP in rats without and with EAM.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Left stellectomy prevented arrhythmia and improved survival in EAM rats. Left stellectomy decreased the levels of tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 6, and high mobility group box 1 (<I>P</I> < .05 vs EAM) in serum and heart tissues from EAM rats. In heart rate variability analysis, high-frequency peaks of the power spectrum densities, reflecting parasympathetic cardiovagal tone, were significantly decreased in EAM rats, but increased after left stellectomy. The ratios of phosphorylated STAT3/STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) and phosphorylated JAK2/JAK2 (Janus kinase 2) decreased in cell lysates of the spleen, liver, and heart in EAM rats. However, the same ratios significantly increased after left stellectomy. Nuclear factor κB in cell lysates of the spleen, liver, and heart increased in EAM rats, but decreased after left stellectomy.</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>In EAM models, left stellectomy increased survival of the rats while showing antiarrhythmic effects with reduced inflammation via activation of the JAK2-STAT3–mediated signaling cascade. Our findings suggest an exciting opportunity to develop new and novel therapeutics to attenuate cardiac inflammation.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Correlation of Breast Cancer Incidence with the Number of Motor Vehicles and Consumption of Gasoline in Korea

Park, Boyoung,Shin, Aesun,Jung-Choi, Kyunghee,Ha, Eunhee,Cheong, Hae-Kwan,Kim, Hyun Jeong,Park, Kyung Hwa,Jang, Sungmi,Moon, Byung-In,Ha, Mina Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.7

While several reproductive and lifestyle-related factors are already well-known as established risk factors for breast cancer, environmental factors have attracted attention only recently. The objective of the current study was to assess the association between the breast cancer incidences in females, the mortality rate and the number of motor vehicles on the one side and the consumption of gasoline which could work as a major source of air pollution at the other side. The breast cancer incidences and the mortality trends were compared with various indices of westernization like dietary patterns or industrialization with 10 years lag of time. Geographical variations with 10, 15 and 20 years lag of time were assessed between the breast cancer incidence in 2010 and the number of motor vehicles as well as the consumption of gasoline. The upward trend of motor vehicle numbers proved to be comparable to those of breast cancer incidence and mortality. However, the consumption of gasoline started to decrease since the mid-1990s. The geographic distribution of motor vehicle numbers and gasoline consumption in 1990 is in a positive correlation with the breast cancer incidence rates in 2010 and the 20-year lag time ($R^2$ 0.379 with the number of motor vehicles and 0.345 with consumption of gasoline). In a linear relationship between the breast cancer incidences in 2010 and the log transformed number of motor vehicles, the log transformed consumption of gasoline in 2000 also showed a positive relationship ($R^2$ 0.367 with the number of motor vehicles and 0.329 with consumption of gasoline). The results of the current study indicate that there may be a positive relation between the number of vehicles, gasoline consumption and the incidence of breast cancer from the aspects of long-term trends and geographical variation.

Prevalence and trends of cigarette smoking among adults with HIV infection compared with the general population in Korea

Park Boyoung,Jang Yoonyoung,Kim Taehwa,Choi Yunsu,Ahn Kyoung Hwan,Kim Jung Ho,Seong Hye,Choi Jun Yong,Kim Hyo Youl,Song Joon Young,Kim Shin-Woo,Choi Hee Jung,Park Dae Won,Yoon Young Kyung,Kim Sang Il 한국역학회 2024 Epidemiology and Health Vol.46 No.-

OBJECTIVES This study compared the current smoking prevalence among adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection to that of the general Korean population and analyzed changes in smoking prevalence and cessation rates from 2009 to 2020. METHODS The study included a total of 10,980 adults with HIV infection who underwent a health screening examination (National Health Insurance Service-National Health Information Database; NHIS-NHID), 1,230 individuals with HIV infection who participated in the Korea HIV/AIDS Cohort (KoCosHIV), and 76,783 participants from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). We estimated the current smoking prevalence and the quit ratio, defined as the ratio of former smokers to ever-smokers. RESULTS In the NHIS-NHID and KoCosHIV studies, the prevalence of current and former smoking among adults with HIV was 44.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 43.2 to 45.1) and 15.6% (95% CI, 14.9 to 16.3), and 47.7% (95% CI, 43.7 to 51.8) and 16.9% (95% CI, 11.8 to 22.0), respectively. In the KNHANES, these rates were 22.5% and 18.1%, respectively. The standardized prevalence ratio of current smoking among adults with HIV was 1.76 in the NHIS-NHID and 1.97 in the KoCosHIV. Furthermore, the likelihood of quitting smoking was lower among adults with HIV than in the general population (NHIS-NHID: 26.1%; 95% CI, 25.0 to 27.1; KoCosHIV: 26.2%; 95% CI, 20.2 to 32.1; KNHANES: 44.6%; 95% CI, 44.5 to 44.6). Among HIV-positive adults, there was a 1.53% decline in the current smoking rate and a 2.86% increase in the quit ratio. CONCLUSIONS Adults with HIV were more likely to smoke and less likely to quit smoking than the general adult population. Tobacco screening and cessation strategies should specifically target this population.

Ecological study for refrigerator use, salt, vegetable, and fruit intakes, and gastric cancer.

Park, Boyoung,Shin, Aesun,Park, Sue K,Ko, Kwang-Pil,Ma, Seung Hyun,Lee, Eun-Ha,Gwack, Jin,Jung, En-Joo,Cho, Lisa Y,Yang, Jae Jeong,Yoo, Keun-Young Rapid Communications of Oxford Ltd ; Kluwer Academ 2011 Cancer causes & control Vol.22 No.11

<P>We used an ecological approach to determine the correlation between vegetable, fruit and salt intakes, refrigerator use, and gastric cancer mortality in Korean population. Information on fruit and vegetable intakes per capita from the National Health and Nutrition Survey, death certificate data from the National Statistical office, refrigerator per household data from Korean Statistical Information Service, and salt/sodium intake data from a cross-sectional survey were utilized. Correlation coefficients were calculated between vegetable and fruit intakes, refrigerator per household, and gastric cancer mortality and between salt and sodium intakes, and gastric cancer mortality and incidence in the four areas. With 5, 10, and 15?years lag time, refrigerator usage and fruit intake were negatively associated with gastric cancer mortality (p?<?0.01), but vegetable intake was not associated with gastric cancer mortality. When estimates of salt/sodium intake evaluated by 24-h urine collection in four areas of Korea were compared to the gastric cancer mortality and incidence in these regions, positive correlation was shown between salt/sodium intake, and gastric cancer incidence and mortality. Negative associations between refrigerator use, fruit intake, and gastric cancer mortality and positive associations between salt/sodium intake and gastric cancer mortality and incidence were suggested.</P>

Prevalence and predictors of anxiety and depression among family caregivers of cancer patients: a nationwide survey of patient–family caregiver dyads in Korea

Park, Boyoung,Kim, So Young,Shin, Ji-Yeon,Sanson-Fisher, Robert W.,Shin, Dong Wook,Cho, Juhee,Park, Jong-Hyock Springer-Verlag 2013 Supportive care in cancer Vol.21 No.10

Ten-Year Changes in the Hepatitis B Prevalence in the Birth Cohorts in Korea : Results From Nationally Representative Cross-Sectional Surveys

Park, Boyoung,Jung, Kyu-Won,Oh, Chang-Mo,Choi, Kui Son,Suh, Mina,Jun, Jae Kwan Williams & Wilkins Co 2015 Medicine Vol.94 No.41

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>To compare the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection over a 10-year period in terms of population-level trends, we established hypothetical birth cohorts that represented each 10-year interval age group.</P><P>We used data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys conducted between 1998 to 2001 and 2008 to 2011. Trends in the HBV infection were calculated using data from individuals aged 20 to 59 years in 1998 to 2001 and those aged 30 to 69 years in 2008 to 2011.</P><P>In 2008 to 2011, the prevalence of HBV infection, as measured using serum HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) seroprevalence, among participants aged 30 to 69 years was 4.2% (95% CI = 3.7–4.7%), which represents a 1.3% absolute change and 20% change in prevalence ratio, which was significant compared with the prevalence among those aged 20 to 59 years in 1998 to 2001 (5.5%, 95% CI = 4.7–6.3%). The prevalence of HBV infection decreased most in the lowest income group, with marginal significance in males (<I>P</I> = 0.06) and significance in females (<I>P</I> = 0.03). In terms of education, females with at least a high school education showed a significant decrease (<I>P</I> = 0.03).</P><P>Using a birth cohort approach, the prognosis for HBV infection in terms of death or hospitalization, or resolution upon antiviral treatment of their HBV infections, identified by a decrease in the HBsAg seroprevalence was worse in the lower income group and in females with higher education. We postulate that these socioeconomic inequalities were caused by alcohol consumption, disparities in liver cancer surveillance, and access to antiviral treatment because of cost and reimbursement guidelines.</P>