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Potentially Scalable Conductive-Type Nanotube Enrichment Through Covalent Chemistry
Boul, Peter J.,Nikolaev, Pavel,Sosa, Edward,Arepalli, Sivaram American Chemical Society 2011 The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part C Vol.115 No.28
<P>Metallic single-wall carbon nanotubes, synthesized through a pulsed-laser vaporization process, were selectively reacted with dodecyl-oxybenzene-diazonium tetrafluoroborate to yield tetrahydrofuran (THF) suspensions of nanotubes enriched in metallic content. The nanotube material that did not suspend in THF displayed a lower D/G ratio in Raman spectroscopy indicating less covalent functionalization and corresponds to an increase in semiconducting nanotube population. After the THF suspendable nanotubes were extracted from the unsuspendable nanotube material, the two separate nanotube populations were stripped of the dodecyloxybenzene functional groups through an annealing process. In this way, the functionalization process was made to be reversible whereby the nanotubes from both semiconducting and metallically enriched populations could have their original band gap properties restored.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jpccck/2011/jpccck.2011.115.issue-28/jp202251r/production/images/medium/jp-2011-02251r_0004.gif'></P>
Shear lag effects on wide U-section pre-stressed concrete light rail bridges
Boules, Philopateer F.,Mehanny, Sameh S.F.,Bakhoum, Mourad M. Techno-Press 2018 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.68 No.1
Recently, U-section decks have been more and more used in metro and light rail bridges as an innovative concept in bridge deck design and a successful alternative to conventional box girders because of their potential advantages. U-section may be viewed as a single vent box girder eliminating the top slab connecting the webs, with the moving vehicles travelling on the lower deck. U-section bridges thus solve many problems like limited vertical clearance underneath the bridge lowest point, besides providing built-in noise barriers. Beam theory in mechanics assumes that plane section remains plane after bending, but it was found that shearing forces produce shear deformations and the plane section does not remain plane. This phenomenon leads to distortion of the cross section. For a box or a U section, this distortion makes the central part of the slab lagging behind those parts closer to the webs and this is known as shear lag effect. A sample real-world double-track U-section metro bridge is modelled in this paper using a commercial finite element analysis program and is analysed under various loading conditions and for different geometric variations. The three-dimensional finite element analysis is used to demonstrate variations in the transverse bending moments in the deck as well as variations in the longitudinal normal stresses induced in the cross section along the U-girder's span thus capturing warping and shear lag effects which are then compared to the stresses calculated using conventional beam theory. This comparison is performed not only to locate the distortion, warping and shear lag effects typically induced in U-section bridges but also to assess the main parameters influencing them the most.
Shear lag effects on wide U-section pre-stressed concrete light rail bridges
Philopateer F. Boules,Sameh S.F. Mehanny,Mourad M. Bakhoum 국제구조공학회 2018 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.68 No.1
Recently, U-section decks have been more and more used in metro and light rail bridges as an innovative concept in bridge deck design and a successful alternative to conventional box girders because of their potential advantages. U-section may be viewed as a single vent box girder eliminating the top slab connecting the webs, with the moving vehicles travelling on the lower deck. U-section bridges thus solve many problems like limited vertical clearance underneath the bridge lowest point, besides providing built-in noise barriers. Beam theory in mechanics assumes that plane section remains plane after bending, but it was found that shearing forces produce shear deformations and the plane section does not remain plane. This phenomenon leads to distortion of the cross section. For a box or a U section, this distortion makes the central part of the slab lagging behind those parts closer to the webs and this is known as shear lag effect. A sample real-world double-track U-section metro bridge is modelled in this paper using a commercial finite element analysis program and is analysed under various loading conditions and for different geometric variations. The three-dimensional finite element analysis is used to demonstrate variations in the transverse bending moments in the deck as well as variations in the longitudinal normal stresses induced in the cross section along the U-girder’s span thus capturing warping and shear lag effects which are then compared to the stresses calculated using conventional beam theory. This comparison is performed not only to locate the distortion, warping and shear lag effects typically induced in U-section bridges but also to assess the main parameters influencing them the most.
Durable Response of Androgen Receptor-Positive Male Breast Cancer to Goserelin
Hamdy Abdel Azim,Loay Kassem,Kyrillus Samaan Shohdy,Boules Eshaak,Shady Elia Anis,Nermine Shawky Kamal 한국유방암학회 2019 Journal of breast cancer Vol.22 No.1
The luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone/androgen receptor (LHRH/AR) pathway is a promising treatment target in a subgroup of female patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, very little is known about the efficacy of this strategy in male patients with TNBC. In this report, we describe a male patient with AR-positive TNBC who was successfully treated using an LHRH agonist after pretreatment with several lines of chemotherapy and achieved a durable response. We also review the existing evidence supporting LHRH- and AR-targeted therapy for this rare disease.