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( Sang Joon Lee ),( Hee Kyung Chang ),( Shin Dong Kim ),( Young Il Yang ),( Boo Sup Oum ) 한국조직공학·재생의학회 2009 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.6 No.4
The incorporation and differentiation of hASCs(human adipose derived stem cells) injecting into the damaged retina of athymic nude mice were evaluated in this study. hASCs were isolated and cultured for grafting. Retinotomy(n=5) and photocoagulation(n=5) was performed to the retina of the nude mice. Before injection, hASCs were labeled with green fluorescence. Guided by an operating microscope, hASCs(2×10(5)/1.5 ?L) were injected into the vitreous through pars plana. Three weeks after injection, the mice were sacrificed. The retina specimens were stained with anti-GFAP, antirhodopsin, anticalbindin, and antivimentin antibodies. Grafted cells expressing green fluorescence were observed in the whole-mount retina and cryosection. Transplanted hASCs were present along the ILM or integrated into the nerve fiber layer, retinal ganglion layer, inner or outer nuclear layer, and subretinal layer on the transverse section. Some of the injected cells expressed GFAP, calbindin, vimentin, or rhodopsin indicating that they were incorporated hASCs which had differentiated into the retinal cells. Intravitreous injection of hASCs in the athymic nude mice induces hASCs integration and differentiation in the damaged retina.
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Optimal Path Planning for UAVs to Reduce Radar Cross Section
Kim, Boo-Sung,Bang, Hyo-Choong The Korean Society for Aeronautical and Space Scie 2007 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.8 No.1
Parameter optimization technique is applied to planning UAVs(Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) path under artificial enemy radar threats. The ground enemy radar threats are characterized in terms of RCS(Radar Cross Section) parameter which is a measure of exposure to the radar threats. Mathematical model of the RCS parameter is constructed by a simple mathematical function in the three-dimensional space. The RCS model is directly linked to the UAVs attitude angles in generating a desired trajectory by reducing the RCS parameter. The RCS parameter is explicitly included in a performance index for optimization. The resultant UAVs trajectory satisfies geometrical boundary conditions while minimizing a weighted combination of the flight time and the measure of ground radar threat expressed in RCS.
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( Sang Gyune Kim ),( Jeong-ju Yoo ),( Young Seok Kim ),( Bora Lee ),( Soung Won Jeong ),( Jae Young Jang ),( Sae Hwan Lee ),( Hong Soo Kim ),( Young Don Kim ),( Gab Jin Cheon ),( Boo Sung Kim ) 대한간학회 2016 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2016 No.1
Aims: Non-selective beta-blocker (NSBB) use has been established in the primary and secondary prevention of esophageal variceal hemorrhage. However, the use of beta-blockers in cirrhotic patients with ascites is still under debate. In this study, we compared overall survival (OS) in cirrhotic patients with ascites (≥grade 2) and esophageal varices according to their treatment strategies between endoscopic band ligation (EBL) and NSBB. Methods: This retrospective study included consecutive 269 patients who were diagnosed as liver cirrhosis complicated with esophageal varices and ascites (≥grade 2) in a tertiary single center in Korea. Patients were divided into 3 groups which were EBL only, NSBB, non-treatment group. A Cox-proportional hazard analysis was performed to compare overall survival between the groups. Results: The mean age was 53.8±10.9 years, and median follow-up duration was 37.7 months (IQR, 12.4-65.2). Overall survival was significantly shorter in the NSBB group followed by non-treatment group and EBL only group (median, 47.5 vs. 61.1 vs. 77.0 months; P=0.003). A multivariate analysis showed that the use of NSBB were an independent poor prognostic factor for shorter overall survival (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.98; 95% confidence interval, 1.31-2.98; P<0.001) after adjusted by Child-Pugh class. Conclusions: The use of NSBB worsens the prognosis of cirrhotic patients patients with significant ascites. These results suggest that EBL is a more appropriate treatment option of esophageal varices when complicated with ascites (≥grade 2).
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