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Photoinduced degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol in water: influence of various Fe(III) carboxylates
Wang, Lei,Zhang, Changbo,Mestankova, Hana,Wu, Feng,Deng, Nansheng,Pan, Gang,Bolte, Michele,Mailhot, Gilles Korean Society of Photoscience 2009 Photochemical & photobiological sciences Vol.8 No.7
Fe(III)-carboxylate complexes were investigated with respect to tri-carboxylic (citric), di-carboxylic (tartaric) and mono-carboxylic (pyruvic) acids. In agreement with the chemical structure, results demonstrated that Fe(III) was complexed by citric acid with a ratio of 1 : 1 (Fe/ligand), tartaric acid (D or L) with a ratio of 1 : 2 and by pyruvic acid with a ratio of 1 : 3. The iron concentration was fixed at 0.3 mmol $L^{-1}$ and the ligand concentration ranged from 0 to 1.0 mmol $L^{-1}$. The primary stage of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) degradation photoinduced by these Fe(III) complexes was investigated under monochromatic irradiation (${\lambda}$ = 365, 313 and 296 nm). The values of initial quantum yields of 2,4-DCP disappearance (between 0.01 and 0.135) and Fe(II) formation (between 0.002 and 0.47) were evaluated and are presented in detail. Short irradiation wavelength (296 nm), low pH (3.0) and high oxygen concentration favoured the pollutant degradation. The disappearance of 2,4-DCP was complete under these favourable conditions.
HESSER J. E.,STETSON P. B.,HARRISM W. E.,BOLTE M.,SMECKER-HANE T. A.,VANDENBERG D. A.,BELL R. A.,BOND H. E.,BERGH S. VAN DEN,MCCLURE R. D.,FAHLMAN G. G.,RICHER H. B. The Korean Astronomical Society 1996 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.29 No.suppl1
We review observational evidence bearing on the formation of a prototypical large spiral galaxy, the Milky Way. New ground- and space-based studies of globular star clusters and dwarf spheroidal galaxies provide a wealth of information to constrain theories of galaxy formation. It appears likely that the Milky Way formed by an combination of rapid, dissipative collapse and mergers, but the relative contributions of these two mechanisms remain controversial. New evidence, however, indicates that initial star and star cluster formation occurred simultaneously over a volume that presently extends to twice the distance of the Magellanic Clouds.
Larik, Fayaz Ali,Saeed, Aamer,Channar, Pervaiz Ali,Muqadar, Urooj,Abbas, Qamar,Hassan, Mubashir,Seo, Sung-Yum,Bolte, Michael S.E.C.T. [etc.] 2017 European journal of medicinal chemistry Vol.141 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A series of novel 1-pentanoyl-3-arylthioureas was designed as new mushroom tyrosinase inhibitors and free radical scavengers. The title compounds were obtained in excellent yield and characterized by FTIR, <SUP>1</SUP>H NMR, <SUP>13</SUP>C NMR and X-ray crystallography in case of compound (<B>4a</B>). The inhibitory effects on mushroom tyrosinase and DPPH were evaluated and it was observed that 1-Pentanoyl-3-(4-methoxyphenyl) thiourea (<B>4f</B>) showed tyrosinase inhibitory activity (IC<SUB>50</SUB> 1.568 ± 0.01 mM) comparable to Kojic acid (IC<SUB>50</SUB> 16.051 ± 1.27 mM). Interestingly compound <B>4f</B> exhibited higher antioxidant potential compared to other derivatives. The docking studies of synthesized 1-Pentanoyl-3-arylthioureas analogues were also carried out against tyrosinase protein (PDBID 2ZMX) to compare the binding affinities with IC<SUB>50</SUB> values. The predicted binding affinities are in good agreement with the IC<SUB>50</SUB> values as compound (<B>4f</B>) showed highest binding affinity (−7.50 kcal/mol) compared to others derivatives. The kinetic mechanism analyzed by Line-weavere Burk plots exhibited that compound (<B>4f</B>) inhibit the enzyme inhibits the tyrosinase non-competitively to form an enzyme inhibitor complex. The inhibition constants Ki calculated from Dixon plots for compound (<B>4f</B>) is 1.10 μM. It was also found from kinetic analysis that derivative <B>4f</B> irreversible enzyme inhibitor complex. It is proposed on the basis of our investigation that title compound (<B>4f</B>) may serve as lead structure for the design of more potent tyrosinase inhibitors.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A small library of novel 1-Pentanoyl-3-arylthioureas (<B>4a-4j</B>) synthesized. </LI> <LI> Mushroom tyrosinase inhibition and free radical scavenging activity were evaluated. </LI> <LI> Most of the compounds show excellent activity, particularly <B>4f</B> higher than the standard. </LI> <LI> The kinetic mechanism proposed <B>4f</B> is non-competitive inhibitor of mushroom tyrosinase. </LI> <LI> Molecular docking, druglikeness, Ramachandran graph, Chemo-informatics and Lipinski's rule were studied. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Joerg D Moritz,Beata Hoffmann,Dirk Sehr,Katrin Keil,Juliane Eggerking,Godo Groth,Amke Caliebe,Jens Dischinger,Martin Heller,Hendrik Bolte 대한영상의학회 2012 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.13 No.2
Objective: The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the performance of ultra-low dose CT for the diagnosis of pediatric-like fractures and ascertain the lowest dose level sufficient for diagnostics. Materials and Methods: Fifty-one bones of young pig cadavers were artificially fractured and subsequently examined by using a 64 multi-detector CT with 36 various dose levels down to a dose comparable with that of X-rays. Two pediatric radiologists analysed the CT scans according to the presence or absence of a fracture, determination of the fracture type and the displacement as well as the diagnostic certainty. For each dose protocol, a success rate for the correct determination of the above-mentioned CT analyses was calculated. A success rate of at least 95% was considered sufficient for diagnostics. Results: All but the lowest dose levels were sufficient to identify the fracture. Only the two lowest dose levels were insufficient to detect the fracture type. All dose levels were adequate for the identification of the displacement. The lowest dose level sufficient for diagnostics was 120 kVp, 11 mAs, and pitch 1.5, with a CTDIvol of 10% of a standard dose and an effective dose three times as large as that of X-rays. Conclusion: Ultra-low dose CT provides the feasibility of a significant dose reduction, still allowing sufficient diagnostics of pediatric-like fractures. Objective: The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the performance of ultra-low dose CT for the diagnosis of pediatric-like fractures and ascertain the lowest dose level sufficient for diagnostics. Materials and Methods: Fifty-one bones of young pig cadavers were artificially fractured and subsequently examined by using a 64 multi-detector CT with 36 various dose levels down to a dose comparable with that of X-rays. Two pediatric radiologists analysed the CT scans according to the presence or absence of a fracture, determination of the fracture type and the displacement as well as the diagnostic certainty. For each dose protocol, a success rate for the correct determination of the above-mentioned CT analyses was calculated. A success rate of at least 95% was considered sufficient for diagnostics. Results: All but the lowest dose levels were sufficient to identify the fracture. Only the two lowest dose levels were insufficient to detect the fracture type. All dose levels were adequate for the identification of the displacement. The lowest dose level sufficient for diagnostics was 120 kVp, 11 mAs, and pitch 1.5, with a CTDIvol of 10% of a standard dose and an effective dose three times as large as that of X-rays. Conclusion: Ultra-low dose CT provides the feasibility of a significant dose reduction, still allowing sufficient diagnostics of pediatric-like fractures.