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Muhammad Bilal,Shoaib FREED,Saleh MUHAMMAD,Muhammad Zubair ASHRAF,Muhammad Bismillah KHAN 한국곤충학회 2018 Entomological Research Vol.48 No.4
Helicoverpa armigera, a polyphagous insect of crops and vegetables, is acquiring resistance against many commercial insecticides. The present study shows variations in the activity of two detoxification enzymes, namely esterase and glutathione S‐transferase (GST), in H. armigera after exposure to different isolates of entomopathogenic fungi. After treatment of larvae with the different isolates (Day 0), samples were collected on three days (Days 3, 5 and 7) for enzyme analysis. High GST activity was found in samples of hemolymph, intestine and fat bodies of H. armigera following treatment with Beauveria bassiana (isolate Bb‐08), Metarhizium anisopliae (isolates Ma‐11.1 and Ma‐4.1), and Isaria fumosorosea (isolates If‐02 and If‐2.3). High esterase activity was recorded in samples of the intestine and fat bodies on various days after treatment, whereas increased esterase activity in hemolymph was noted only in samples from Day 5 after treatment with M. anisopliae (Ma‐4.1). The detection of high GST and esterase activity demonstrates the possibility of the development of resistance against these microbial control agents in H. armigera.
Remediation of arsenic-contaminated water using agricultural wastes as biosorbents
Shakoor, Muhammad Bilal,Niazi, Nabeel Khan,Bibi, Irshad,Murtaza, Ghulam,Kunhikrishnan, Anitha,Seshadri, Balaji,Shahid, Muhammad,Ali, Shafaqat,Bolan, Nanthi S.,Ok, Yong Sik,Abid, Muhammad,Ali, Fawad Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2016 Critical reviews in environmental science and tech Vol.46 No.5
<P>Arsenic (As) contamination of groundwater reservoirs is a global environmental and health issue given to its toxic and carcinogenic nature. Over 170 million people have been affected by As due to the ingestion of As-contaminated groundwater. Conventional methods such as reverse osmosis, ion exchange, and electrodialysis are commonly used for the remediation of As-contaminated water; however, the high cost and sludge production put limitations on their application to remove As from water. This review critically addresses the use of various agricultural waste materials (e.g., sugarcane bagasse, peels of various fruits, wheat straw) as biosorbents, thereby offering an eco-friendly and low-cost solution for the removal of As from contaminated water supplies. The effect of solution chemistry such as solution pH, cations, anions, organic ligands, and various other factors (e.g., temperature, contact time, sorbent dose) on As biosorption, and safe disposal methods for As-loaded biosorbents to reduce secondary As contamination are also discussed.</P>
Robust Model Free Fuzzy Adaptive Controller with fuzzy and crisp Feedback Error Learning schemes
Muhammad Bilal Kadri 제어로봇시스템학회 2012 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2012 No.10
The aim of the paper is to investigate the different feedback error learning strategies used in conjunction with the Model Free Fuzzy Adaptive Controller (MFFAC). MFFAC guarantees tight control performance in the presence of disturbances and plant uncertainties. These uncertainties might arise due to the un-modelled dynamics of the plant under control or due to the different sensors introduced in the control loop at various points. The MFFAC is based on the model reference adaptive control (MRAC) philosophy and develops an inverse model of the plant by incorporating feedback error learning (FEL) strategy. The MFFAC is modelled as a fuzzy relational model and the identification scheme used is computationally undemanding. FEL governs the behaviour of the MFFAC during the learning phase i.e. whether the fuzzy controller will behave as a PI, PD or PID controller. It is an integral part of the overall identification scheme because it estimates the correct control signal which is consequently used to update the controller parameters. Fuzzy and crisp versions of the FEL have been studied and the comparison of the different approaches is discussed and their impact on the control performance is elaborated.
Muhammad Bilal Ahmed,Salman Ul Islam,이영섭 한국통합생물학회 2020 Animal cells and systems Vol.24 No.1
The current investigation was carried out to analyze the correlation of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and pre-mRNA processing factor 4B (PRP4) in inducing inflammatory response and cell actin cytoskeleton rearrangement in macrophages (Raw 264.7) and colorectal (HCT116) as well as skin cancer (B16-F10) cells. Cell lines were stimulated with LPS, and the expression of PRP4 as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines and proteins like IL-6, IL-1β, TLR4, and NF-κB were assayed. The results demonstrated that LPS markedly increased the expression of PRP4, IL-6, IL-1β, TLR4, and NF-κB in the cells. LPS and PRP4 concomitantly altered the morphology of cells from an aggregated, flattened shape to a round shape. Decursin, a pyranocoumarin from Angelica gigas, inhibited the LPS and PRP4-induced inflammatory response, and reversed the induction of morphological changes. Finally, we established a possible link of LPS with TLR4 and JNK signaling, through which it activated PRP4. Our study provides molecular insights for LPS and PRP4-related pathogenesis and a basis for developing new strategies against metastasis in colorectal cancer and skin melanoma. Our study emphasizes that decursin may be an effective treatment strategy for various cancers in which LPS and PRP4 perform a critical role in inducing inflammatory response and morphological changes leading to cell survival and protection against anti-cancer drugs.
Muhammad Bilal Shahid,Dong-Sam Park(박동삼) 한국기계가공학회 2022 한국기계가공학회지 Vol.21 No.6
Ultrasonic metal welding has been widely used for joining lithium-ion battery tabs. Weld quality monitoring has been an important issue in lithium-ion battery manufacturing. This study focuses on the weld quality monitoring in ultrasonic metal welding with the longitudinal-torsional vibration mode horn developed newly. As the quality of ultrasonic welding depends on welding parameters like pressure, time, and amplitude, the suitable values of these parameters were selected for experimentation. The welds were tested via tensile testing machine and weld strengths were investigated. The dataset collected for performance test was used to train the multi-layer perceptron neural network. The three layer neural network was used for the study and the optimum number of neurons in the first and second hidden layers were selected based on performances of each models. The best models were selected for the horn and then tested to see their performances on an unseen dataset. The neural network models for the longitudinal-torsional mode horn attained test accuracy of 90%. This result implies that proposed models has potential for the weld quality monitoring.
Muhammad Bilal Amin,Wajahat Ali Khan,Sungyoung Lee,Young-Koo Lee 한국정보과학회 2011 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.38 No.1A
Healthcare is one of the biggest industries that consume IT Infrastructure as a necessity. A reliable reach to secure private information is the essential goal. Most of the healthcare organizations either have their own custom solutions developed or third part CRM software tailored to their needs. This culture satisfies the usability internal to the organization but lacks the ability to provide public access to the users or even to take a step ahead and collaborate with like minded institutes for research and potential growth. Emergence of cloud computing has provided us the opportunity to take a step ahead and build applications available to users on a secure platform, with ability to scale the resources depending on the requirements. The effective use of hybrid and community cloud can create rock solid foundations for healthcare IT Infrastructure. These cloud deployment models not only caters the present needs of healthcare IT Infrastructure but also opens the possibilities to build applications and provide secure and reliable access beyond the limits of organizational boundaries.