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申邦鉉 단국대학교 대학원 1983 學術論叢 Vol.7 No.-
The construction of a new city--which is pleasantly inhabitable-has been a human dream with the birth of city on this earth. It has become a more ardent passion than ever, since the existing city-system starts exerting ill effects and presenting injurious influence upon the agreeable inhabitation. However, the desire for new-city development, in the modern connotation, is stemmed out of the rapid urbanization, which followed the Industrial Revolution. In the mid-20-th century, nations in the world attained economic growth successfully, in various degrees, through industrialization in their economy. This resulted in the enormous population movement into industrialized city, and this intensified population concentration raised some critical issues such as the deterioration of city environment, the developmental distances between regions, and so on. In order to meet these needs and to readjust these injurious effects, a great deal of nations have adopted the new-city development as a remedy. As a promoting scheme for new-city development, the present study discusses ⅰ) the goal of development strategy, ⅱ) the expansion of housing-land, ⅲ) the reformation of city-life environment, and ⅳ) the institutional support. The goal of development strategy should notice the industrial, the commercial, the business, and the daily-living facility as well on the additionally developed building-site, and these facilities should be able to function systematically with one another through effectual population flow. As to the expansion of housing-land, this study suggests the establishment of development-pole in the collected development capacity with concentrated development strategy-rather than eith diffused development strategy. In addition, the spill-over effect from the development-pole should be taken into consideration at the same time. For the reformation of city-life environment, the completion of educational facility, the installation of commercial-business facility, and their comfortableness and security need to be supplemented in the planning. Finally, the institutional support for new-city development includes the finance for construction fund, the balanced unit-development by civilian investment. the higher priority for housing construction fund, the timely establishment of self-determining institution fro developmental administration, and the assistance by tax-benefit in the promoting scheme for new-city development proposed by this study.
Estimating historic lake stages from one-time snapshot, the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission of 2000
Bhang, Kon Joon,Schwartz, Frank W.,Park, Seok-Soon John Wiley Sons, Ltd. 2010 Hydrological processes Vol.24 No.13
<P>Lake studies play an important role in water management, ecology and other environmental issues. Monitoring lake stages is typically the first step on the lake studies. However, for the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) of North America with millions of small lakes and potholes, onsite measurements for lake stages are almost impossible with the conventional gage stations due to the limited accessibility to lakes and the requirement of economical and human resources. To overcome this limitation, we employed the remote-sensing approach to extract lake stages in PPR for bulk processing. To estimate lake stages, several image-processing techniques were used with the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) data in January, 2000, a one-time snapshot useful in historic lake level reconstruction. In this research, image processing techniques, for example, averaging, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Lee-Sigma filtering were applied and masking with Canny Edge Detector (CED) and semi-automated contouring were developed for lake stage estimation. In terms of simplicity, averaging might be useful if 1·5 m of the local bias for the study area in stage estimates. However, the FFT and Lee-Sigma methods were slightly better than averaging. Masking with CED and semi-automated contouring provided outstanding accuracy in the estimation. The masking and contouring methods provided ± 0·5 m of stage differences for relatively large lakes greater than 10 km<SUP>2</SUP> when compared with stage reading in spite of their calculation complexities and was shown as the best approaches among implemented methods in this study. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P>
A Study on the Service Load State Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Plate Member
Bhang, Jee-Hwan,Kang, Won-Ho Korea Concrete Institute 2000 KCI concrete journal Vol.12 No.2
This paper proposes a mechanical model to describe the load-deformation responses of the reinforced concrete plate members under service load state. An Analytical method is introduced on the basis of the rotating crack model which considers equilibrium, compatibility conditions, load-strain relationship of cracked member, and constitutive law for materials. The tension stiffening effect in reinforced concrete structures is taken into account by the average tensile stress-strain relationship from the load-strain relationship for the cracked member and the constitutive law for material. The strain compatibility is used to find out the crack direction because the crack direction is an unknown variable in the equilibrium and compatibility conditions. The proposed theory is verified by the numerous experimental data such as the crack direction, moment-steel strain relationship, moment-crack width relationship. The present paper can provide some basis for the provision of the definition of serviceability for plate structures of which reinforcements are deviated from the principal stresses, because the present code defines the serviceability by the deflection, crack control, vibration and fatigue basically for the skeletal members. The proposed theory is applicable to predict the service load state behavior of a variety of reinforced concrete plate structures such as skew slab bridges, the deck of skew girder bridges.
Controlled release of nerve growth factor from fibrin gel
Bhang, Suk Ho,Jeon, Oju,Choi, Cha Yong,Kwon, Yun Hee Kim,Kim, Byung‐,Soo Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2007 Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A Vol.a80 No.4
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Nerve growth factor (NGF) is known to promote the axonal regeneration in injured nerve system. Delivery of NGF for a long period in a controlled manner may enhance the regeneration efficacy. In this study, we investigated whether NGF can be released from fibrin gel for a long period in a controlled manner. We also investigated whether sustained delivery of NGF using fibrin gel can enhance the efficacy of NGF <I>in vitro</I>. The addition of heparin to fibrin gel decreased the rate of NGF release from the fibrin gel. As the concentrations of thrombin and fibrinogen in fibrin gel increased, the NGF release rate decreased significantly, and the initial release burst decreased. NGF was released for up to 14 days <I>in vitro</I>. The bioactivity of NGF released from fibrin gel was assessed by morphological changes of pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells cultured in the presence of NGF‐containing fibrin gel. NGF released from fibrin gel exhibited significantly higher degrees of PC12 cell viability and differentiation than NGF added in a free form daily into the culture medium. This study demonstrates that fibrin gel can release NGF in a sustained, controlled manner and in a bioactive form. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2007</P>
The Service State Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Membrane Elements using Rotating Crack Model
Bhang, Jee-Hwan,Kang, Won-Ho Korea Concrete Institute 1999 KCI concrete journal Vol.11 No.3
A theory is proposed to predict the response of the load-deformation relationship of the reinforced concrete structures under the service state after cracking. The crack direction and concrete strains through the loading history before failure can be estimated by this theory based on the rotating crack model, which considers equilibrium, compatibility conditions, and average stress-strain relationship. The proposed crack direction and deformation show good agreement with test results under service state. The behavior of a variety of concrete structures, such as shear walls, deep beams and the web of box girders, can be predicted by this proposed theory under service state.
The behavior of neural stem cells on biodegradable synthetic polymers
Bhang, Suk Ho,Lim, Jung Su,Choi, Cha Yong,Kwon, Yunhee Kim,Kim, Byung-Soo Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2007 Journal of Biomaterials Science. Polymer Edition Vol.18 No.2
<P>The biocompatibility of polymer scaffolds as neural stem cell transplantation matrices has not yet been studied extensively. In this study, we evaluated the biocompatibility of various biodegradable polymers for neural stem cells. The biocompatibility tests were performed by culturing hippocampal progenitor cells (HiB5) on films of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), poly(L-lactide-co-epsilon-caprolactone) (PLCL) and poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) or in the presence of extracts from these polymers. Specifically, the viability, mitochondrial metabolic activity, proliferation, apoptosis and neurite out-growth of HiB5 cells were examined in biocompatibility tests. Among the tested polymers, PLGA performed best with respect to cell viability, mitochondrial metabolic activity and apoptotic activity. Compared to the other polymers, PLLA showed the worst results in all categories evaluated. PLGA also showed favorable results for neurite out-growth of HiB5 cells. The results of this study demonstrate the promising biocompatibility of PLGA as a scaffold for neural stem cell transplantation for nerve regeneration.</P>