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Staphylococcus xylosus and Staphylococcus aureus as commensals and pathogens on murine skin
Michael Battaglia,Lee Ann Garrett-Sinha 한국실험동물학회 2023 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.39 No.3
Skin ulcers, skin dermatitis and skin infections are common phenomena in colonies of laboratory mice and are often found at increased prevalence in certain immunocompromised strains. While in many cases these skin conditions are mild, in other cases they can be severe and lead to animal morbidity. Furthermore, the presence of skin infections and ulcerations can complicate the interpretation of experimental protocols, including those examining immune cell activation. Bacterial species in the genus Staphylococcus are the most common pathogens recovered from skin lesions in mice. In particular, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus xylosus have both been implicated as pathogens on murine skin. Staphylococcus aureus is a well-known pathogen of human skin, but S. xylosus skin infections in humans have not been described, indicating that there is a species-specific difference in the ability of S. xylosus to serve as a skin pathogen. The aim of this review is to summarize studies that link S. aureus and S. xylosus to skin infections of mice and to describe factors involved in their adherence to tissue and their virulence. We discuss potential differences in mouse and human skin that might underlie the ability of S. xylosus to act as a pathogen on murine skin, but not human skin. Finally, we also describe mouse mutants that have shown increased susceptibility to skin infections with staphylococcal bacteria. These mutants point to pathways that are important in the control of commensal staphylococcal bacteria. The information here may be useful to researchers who are working with mouse strains that are prone to skin infections with staphylococcal bacteria.
Owen, Lisa Battaglia Ewha Womans University Press 1998 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.4 No.3
By analyzing the creation, manifestation, and decline of the bhikkhuni (nun) order in Indian Buddhism, this paper attempts to assess the precarious position of the almswoman in ancient Indian society. This study asserts that the peripheral and often non-existent role of the bhikkhuni in Buddhism's textual and historical development is as product of both masculinist biases in the composition, redaction and codification of Buddhist texts, as well as androcentric and patriarchal biases within the Buddhist sangha and larger Indian community. Underlying this feminist analysis is the notion that the roles and contributions of renunciant women in Buddhism's development were by no means marginal, trivial, or benign. This paper examines the following : the creation of the first Buddhist nuns' order, the consequences of the Eight Special Rules imposed upon nuns, the significances of female renunciation in ancient India, the threat of androgyny posed by nuns and monks, speculations as to why the bhikkhuni order suffered virtual extinction, and finally, the theoretical implications of the sex/gender prerequisites for a bhikkhuni initiate as set forth in the Vinaya (The Book of the Discipline). Using the case of the first Buddhist nuns as a model for feminist inquiry, this study demonstrates that permitting women to enter a traditionally male sphere without altering the basic structure and ideologies of the phallocentric institution, does not guarantee women's freedom from sex/gender oppression.
Toward a Buddhist Feminism : Mahayana Sutras, Feminist Theory, and the Transformation of Sex
Owen, Lisa Battaglia Ewha Womans University Press 1997 Asian Journal of Women's Studies(AJWS) Vol.3 No.4
This study establishes an enlightening dialogue between Buddhism and feminism with the goal of creating a Buddhist feminist discourse. Specifically, it aims to provide a new feminist perspective on identity, sex, gender, and liberation through the feminist appropriation and critique of Mahayana sex-change sutras. Mahayana sex-change sutras, in which a female bodhisattva engages (or refuses to engage) in sexual transformation in order to attain Buddhahood, are analyzed within their orginal, androcentric context and underlying Buddhist doctrines are highlighted. The sex-change sutras are then juxtaposed with contemporary poststructuralist feminist theory and evaluated as models for a new Buddhist feminism. In the course of this analysis, basic Buddhist concepts are introduced, the problem of androcentrism with respect to Buddhism's institutionalization and textual preservation is discussed, and points of conjunction betweed Buddhism and feminism are emphasized. The creation of a Buddhist feminist discourse breaks its long chain of androcentrism; challenges foundationalist and essentialist thinking; and presents feminists with new avenues for theorizing identity, women, sex, gender, and liberation.
Elena Cedrola,Loretta Battaglia 한국마케팅과학회 2013 마케팅과학연구 Vol.23 No.4
The paper aims to verify if country-of-origin effect matters in industrial sectors (BTB),particularly in business relations between firms belonging to markets with high cultural distance. The study was carried out on a sample of 338 firms in the quantitative phase and on 14 firms in the subsequent qualitative phase.
Physics at the [FORMULA OMISSION] linear collider
Moortgat-Pick, G.,Baer, H.,Battaglia, M.,Belanger, G.,Fujii, K.,Kalinowski, J.,Heinemeyer, S.,Kiyo, Y.,Olive, K.,Simon, F.,Uwer, P.,Wackeroth, D.,Zerwas, P. M.,Arbey, A.,Asano, M.,Bagger, J.,Bechtle, Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2015 European Physical Journal C Vol.75 No.8
<P>A comprehensive review of physics at an [FORMULA OMISSION] linear collider in the energy range of [FORMULA OMISSION] GeV–3 TeV is presented in view of recent and expected LHC results, experiments from low-energy as well as astroparticle physics. The report focusses in particular on Higgs-boson, top-quark and electroweak precision physics, but also discusses several models of beyond the standard model physics such as supersymmetry, little Higgs models and extra gauge bosons. The connection to cosmology has been analysed as well.</P>
Cynthia Lisette Jo Rivero,Junior Llontop Torres,Juan Battaglia Aljaro,Sungchul C. Bai 한국수산과학회 양식분과 2021 한국수산과학회 양식분과 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.4
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of a natural feed additive (Alquernat Inmuplus<sup>®</sup>, AI) on growth performance in fry tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, and in fry rainbow trout, Orcorhynchus mykiss. Nine group of twenty-five tilapia (0.22±0.03) were randomly distributed into three treatment in triplicates rearing by the laboratory recirculation system, and six groups of four thousand rainbow trout (1.08±0.02) were randomly distributed into three treatments in duplicate rearing by the farm raceway in Peru. This commercial AI is known to contain equal amount of two plant extracts of Coneflower, Echinacea purpurea, and Dandelion, Taraxacum officinale. Fish were fed with three experimental diets consisting of 0 (CON), 2 (T2) and 4 (T4) ml of AI / kg of commercial diets. After 8 weeks of feeding trial, average of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) of tilapia fed T2 and T4 diets were significantly higher than those fish fed with CON diet (p<0.05). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) of tilapia fed T4 diet significantly better than those fish fed with CON diet, however, there were no significant differences among the fish fed T2 and CON diets. In addition, there were no significant differences in survival rate of tilapia fed the all experimental diets (p>0.05). After 90 days of feeding trial, average survival rates of trout feed T2 and T4 diets were significantly higher than those fish fed CON diet (p<0.05). Average FCR of trout fed CON diet were significantly better than those fish fed T4, however, there were no significant differences among the fish fed CON and T2 diets. Also, there were no significant differences in WG and SGR of fish fed all the diets. Therefore, these results indicated that Alquernant Inmuplus® could be beneficial as growth promoter in tilapia and as survival enhancer in rainbow trout, but more studies in the practical farm conditions would be needed.