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Balasubramanian Rajkapoor,Maideen Naina Mohamed Pakkir,Muthusamy Sudha,Gobinath Mirunalini,Balasubramanian Rajkapoor 대한약침학회 2023 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.26 No.1
Objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a condition that occurs frequently among women of reproductive age and is a polygenic, multifactorial, endocrine, and metabolic disorder. PCOS is becoming more common as a result of risk factors such as current lifestyle, overnutrition, and stress. The use of traditional herbal medicine is higher among the global population. Hence, this review article focuses on the potential of Nigella sativa to manage women with PCOS. Methods: A literature search was carried out using databases including Medline, Google Scholar, EBSCO, Embase, and Science Direct, as well as reference lists, to identify relevant publications that support the use of N. sativa in the management of women with PCOS. Results: Several clinical and preclinical studies have demonstrated that the major bioactive constituent of black seed (N. sativa), thymoquinone, has potential for managing women with PCOS. Moreover, N. sativa may help to manage oligomenorrhea and amenorrhea in women with PCOS through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Conclusion: N. sativa has potential for use as a herbal medicine for managing women with PCOS as an integrative medicine along with traditional and modern medicine in conjunction with calorie restriction and regular exercise.
( M. Balasubramanian ),( V. Jayabalan ),( V. Balasubramanian ) 대한금속재료학회 ( 구 대한금속학회 ) 2007 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.13 No.4
Titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) is very widely used in the fabrication of advanced industrial equipment, combat vehicles, gas turbines, spacecraft and so on. The preferred welding process for titanium alloy is gas tungsten arc (GTA) welding due to its comparatively easier applicability and better economy. However, welding of titanium alloy leads to grain coarsening at the fusion zone and the heat-affected zone, and this often results in inferior weld mechanical properties and poor resistance to hot cracking. Hence, in this investigation an attempt has been made to refine the fusion zone microstructure of titanium alloy by using a pulsed current GTA welding process instead of a constant current GTA welding process. Further mathematical models were developed by means of a response surface method, which enabled the process parameters to be optimized to achieve a minimum grain size and maximum hardness in GTA welding of the alloy under study. The parameter optimization involved the use of a response surface, contour plots and Kuhn-Tucker conditions.
3D QSAR Studies of Mps1 (TTK) Kinase Inhibitors Based on CoMFA
Balasubramanian, Pavithra K.,Balupuri, Anand,Cho, Seung Joo The Basic Science Institute Chosun University 2016 조선자연과학논문집 Vol.9 No.2
Monopolar spindle 1 (Mps1) is an attractive cancer target due to its high expression levels in a wide range of cancer cells. Mps1 is a dual specificity kinase. It plays an essential role in mitosis. The high expression od Mps1 was observed in various grades of breast cancers. In the current study, we have developed a CoMFA model of pyridazine derivatives as Mps1 kinase inhibitors. The developed CoMFA model ($q^2=0.797$; ONC=6; $r^2=0.992$) exhibited a good predictive ability. The model was then validated by Leave out five, progressive sampling and bootstrapping and found to be robust. The analysis of the CoMFA contour maps depicted favorable and unfavorable regions to enhance the activity. Bulky positive substitution at $R^3$ position and Negative substitution in $R^1$ position is favored could increase the activity. In contrast, bulky substitution in $R^1$ position is not favored. Our results can be used in designing a potent Mps1 (TTK) inhibitor.
Balasubramanian Thirumalaisamy,Senthilkumar Gnanavadevel Prabhakaran,Karthikeyan Marimuthu,Tapan Kumar Chatterjee 대한약침학회 2013 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.16 No.3
Objectives: Dyslipidemia in diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor for the development of cardiovascular complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the ethyl-acetate fraction of an ethanolic extract from Streospermum suaveolens on lipid metabolism in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetes was induced by intraperitonial injection of STZ (50 mg/kg). Diabetic rats were treated with an ethyl-acetate fraction orally at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg daily for 14 days. On the 15th day, serum lipid profiles, such as total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), were estimated in experimental rats. The atherogenic (AI) and the coronary risk (CRI) indices were also evaluated. Results: The ethyl-acetate fraction at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg significantly (P < 0.001) and dose-dependently reduced serum cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL, but increased HDL towards near normal levels as compared to diabetic control rats. The fraction also significantly (P < 0.001) lowered the atherogenic index (AI) and coronary risk index (CAI) in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that the ethyl-acetate fraction of Stereospermum suaveolens exhibits a potent antihyperlipidemic activity in hyperglycemic rats and suggests that the plant may have therapeutic value in treating the diabetic complication of hyperlipidemia. Objectives: Dyslipidemia in diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor for the development of cardiovascular complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the ethyl-acetate fraction of an ethanolic extract from Streospermum suaveolens on lipid metabolism in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetes was induced by intraperitonial injection of STZ (50 mg/kg). Diabetic rats were treated with an ethyl-acetate fraction orally at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg daily for 14 days. On the 15th day, serum lipid profiles, such as total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), were estimated in experimental rats. The atherogenic (AI) and the coronary risk (CRI) indices were also evaluated. Results: The ethyl-acetate fraction at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg significantly (P < 0.001) and dose-dependently reduced serum cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL, but increased HDL towards near normal levels as compared to diabetic control rats. The fraction also significantly (P < 0.001) lowered the atherogenic index (AI) and coronary risk index (CAI) in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that the ethyl-acetate fraction of Stereospermum suaveolens exhibits a potent antihyperlipidemic activity in hyperglycemic rats and suggests that the plant may have therapeutic value in treating the diabetic complication of hyperlipidemia.
Balasubramanian Sivaraman,Robinson Jeya Shakila,Geevaretnam Jeyasekaran,Durairaj Sukumar,Uthaman Manimaran,Ganesan Sumathi 한국식품과학회 2016 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.25 No.3
Squid protein hydrolysates (SPH) were prepared from the Indian squid Loligo duvauceli using papain. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used for optimization of hydrolysis conditions, including temperature, time, and the enzyme-substrate ratio using DPPH radical scavenging activity as a response. The amino acid composition of SPH was compared with raw squid muscle. In vitro antioxidant activities were evaluated based on reducing power, metal chelation, ABTS, hydroxyl radical, and superoxide anion radical scavenging assays. SPH exhibited good ABTS radical scavenging activities of 96.50±0.90%, superoxide anion radical scavenging activities of 96.4±0.89%, reducing powers of 0.71±0.02, moderate hydroxyl radical scavenging activities of 64.03±2.11%, and metal chelating activities of 52.04±1.02%. In vivo antioxidant activities determined using a sardine minced model system showed 42% reduction in formation of secondary oxidative products as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), almost equivalent to reduction by ascorbic acid of 41.42% at 400 ppm.
Balasubramanian, Pavithra K.,Cho, Seung Joo The Basic Science Institute Chosun University 2013 조선자연과학논문집 Vol.6 No.3
The chemokine receptor CCR1 a GPCR super family protein contains seven transmembrane domains. It plays an important role in rheumatoid arthritis, organ transplant rejection, Alzheimer's disease and also causes inflammation. Because of its role in disease processes, antagonism of CCR1 became an attractive therapeutic target. In the current study, we have taken a novel series of recently reported CCR1 antagonist of 1-(4-Phenylpiperazin-1-yl_-2-(1H-Pyrazol-1-yl) ethanone derivatives and performed a HQSAR analysis. The model was developed with Atom (A) and bond (B) parameters and with different set of atom counts to improve the model. The results of HQSAR showed good predictive ability in terms of $r^2$ (0.904) and $q^2$ (0.590) with 0.710 as standard error of prediction and 0.344 as standard error of estimate. The contribution map depicted the atom contribution in inhibitory effect. Compound-14 which was reported to be a highly active compound showed positive atom contribution in three R groups ($R^3$. $R^{5a}$ and $R^{2b}$) in inhibitory effect, which could be the reason why this compound is highly active compound whereas, the lowest active compound-6 showed negative contribution to inhibitory effect.
Balasubramanian, Rukmanikrishnan.,Kim, Sam Soo,Lee, Jintae,Lee, Jaewoong Elsevier 2019 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES Vol.123 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The hydrogel based composite film was prepared from <I>k</I>-Carrageenan (<I>k</I>-C), xanthan gum (X) and gellan gum (G) by solvent casting method. The transparent films made from these gellable materials with synergistic hydrogel composition have soft texture, good elasticity and excellent break strength. The <I>k</I>-C/X/G based nanocomposite films prepared from different weight ratio of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles were characterized for new packaging materials. The morphology, structure and microstructure properties of the <I>k</I>-C/X/G and TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanocomposite films were characterized by FT-IR, XRD and SEM analysis. By the incorporation of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> in the <I>k</I>-C/X/G nanocomposite films, the tensile strength, tensile modulus, T<SUB>g</SUB> and thermal stability of the films were greatly enhanced. Due to the hydrophobic nature of the TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles there is an increase in contact angle whereas moisture content of the films decreased. The water vapor permeability (WVP) and ultra violet lights transmittance decrease upon increasing the TiO<SUB>2</SUB> content. The <I>k</I>-C/X/G and TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanocomposites effectively shield the UV light, exhibited partial microbial activity against <I>Staphylococcus aureus</I> and have a high potential for the application in food and non-food industries as UV shielding packaging materials.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Fabrication of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> based k-C/X/G nanocomposite films by solution casting method. </LI> <LI> TiO<SUB>2</SUB> increased the hydrophobic nature of the films. </LI> <LI> The nanocomposite films improved their thermal stability, mechanical and water barrier properties compared with neat films. </LI> <LI> These nanocomposite films developed for food packaging applications. </LI> </UL> </P>