Lipase-Catalysed Enrichment of γ-Linolenic Acid from Evening Primrose Oil in a Solvent-Free System

Baeza-Jimé,nez, Ramiro,No, Da Som,Otero, Christina,Garcí,a, Hugo S.,Lee, Jeom Sig,Kim, In-Hwan Wiley (John WileySons) 2014 Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society Vol.91 No.7

<P>The enrichment of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) was carried out in a solvent-free system by lipase-catalysed esterification of free fatty acids from evening primrose oil (EPO-FA) and 1-butanol (BtOH). The lipase employed to conduct this study was a free preparation of Candida rugosa. Variables evaluated were: substrate molar ratio (1:4, 1:6, 1:8, 1:10 and 1:12, EPO-FA:BtOH), temperature (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 A degrees C), and enzyme loading (5, 10, 15 and 20 %, based on the total weight of substrates). GLA was highly enriched in the non-esterified fatty acid fraction since C. rugosa showed very low selectivity for this fatty acid. We were able to increase the content of GLA to ca. 70 wt.% under the following optimal conditions: 30 A degrees C, 10 % enzyme loading and a 1:10 molar ratio (EPO-FA:BtOH), after 24 h. An additional set of experiments was conducted whereby the amount of water was controlled by addition of molecular sieves to the reaction mixture. The latter experiments produced a higher GLA concentrate (83.74 wt.%), under the optimal conditions described above and by adding 10 % molecular sieves (based on the total weight of substrates) after 36 h.</P>

Dynamics of an elastic beam and a jumping oscillator moving in the longitudinal direction of the beam

Baeza, Luis,Ouyang, Huajiang Techno-Press 2008 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.30 No.3

An oscillator of two lumped masses linked through a vertical spring moves forward in the horizontal direction, initially at a certain height, over a horizontal Euler beam and descends on it due to its own weight. Vibration of the beam and the oscillator is excited at the onset of the ensuing impact. The impact produced by the descending oscillator is assumed to be either perfectly elastic or perfectly plastic. If the impact is perfectly elastic, the oscillator bounces off and hits the beam a number of times as it moves forward in the longitudinal direction of the beam, exchanging its dynamics with that of the beam. If the impact is perfectly plastic, the oscillator (initially) sticks to the beam after its first impact and then may separate and reattach to the beam as it moves along the beam. Further events of separation and reattachment may follow. This interesting and seemingly simple dynamic problem actually displays rather complicated dynamic behaviour and has never been studied in the past. It is found through simulated numerical examples that multiple events of separation and impact can take place for both perfectly elastic impact and perfectly plastic impact (though more of these in the case of perfectly elastic impact) and the dynamic response of the oscillator and the beam looks noisy when there is an event of impact because impact excites higher-frequency components. For the perfectly plastic impact, the oscillator can experience multiple events of consecutive separation from the beam and subsequent reattachment to it.

Dynamics of an elastic beam and a jumping oscillator moving in the longitudinal direction of the beam

Luis Baeza,Huajiang Ouyang 국제구조공학회 2008 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.30 No.3

An oscillator of two lumped masses linked through a vertical spring moves forward in the horizontal direction, initially at a certain height, over a horizontal Euler beam and descends on it due to its own weight. Vibration of the beam and the oscillator is excited at the onset of the ensuing impact. The impact produced by the descending oscillator is assumed to be either perfectly elastic or perfectly plastic. If the impact is perfectly elastic, the oscillator bounces off and hits the beam a number of times as it moves forward in the longitudinal direction of the beam, exchanging its dynamics with that of the beam. If the impact is perfectly plastic, the oscillator (initially) sticks to the beam after its first impact and then may separate and reattach to the beam as it moves along the beam. Further events of separation and reattachment may follow. This interesting and seemingly simple dynamic problem actually displays rather complicated dynamic behaviour and has never been studied in the past. It is found through simulated numerical examples that multiple events of separation and impact can take place for both perfectly elastic impact and perfectly plastic impact (though more of these in the case of perfectly elastic impact) and the dynamic response of the oscillator and the beam looks noisy when there is an event of impact because impact excites higher-frequency components. For the perfectly plastic impact, the oscillator can experience multiple events of consecutive separation from the beam and subsequent reattachment to it.

The Inter-generic Fungicidal Activity of Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous

Marcelo Baeza,Oriana Flores,Mario Carrasco,Juan Manuel Rozas,Vicente Oviedo,Salvador Barahona,Víctor Cifuentes 한국미생물학회 2010 The journal of microbiology Vol.48 No.6

In this study, the existence of intra-specific and inter-generic fungicidal activity in Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous and Phaffia rhodozyma strains isolated from different regions of the earth was examined. Assays were performed under several culture conditions, showing that all the analyzed X. dendrorhous and P. rhodozyma strains have killing activity against Kloeckera apiculata, Rhodotorula sloffiae, and R. minuta. This activity was greater in rich media at a pH from 4.6 to 5.0. Extracellular protein extracts with fungicidal activity were obtained from cultures of all strains, and their characterization suggested that a protein of ∼33kDa is the antifungal factor. According to peptide mass fingerprinting and an analysis of the results with the MASCOT search engine, this protein was identified as an aspartic protease. Additionally, extrachromosomal double-stranded DNA elements (dsDNAs) were observed in all X. dendrorhous and P. rhodozyma strains. Although there is a high variability, two dsDNAs of 5.4 and 6.8 kb are present in all strains.

Variables affecting strain sensing function in cementitious composites with carbon fibers

F.J. Baeza,E. Zornoza,L.G. Andión,S. Ivorra,P. Garcés 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2011 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.8 No.2

In this work, cement paste samples with 1% (by cement mass) of a conductive carbon fiber admixture have been studied under uniaxial compression. Three different arrangements were used to measure the resistivity of the samples. According to the results obtained, the resistance should be measured using the four wire method in order to obtain good sensitivity and repeatability. The effect of the load value and the load rate on the fractional change of the volume resistivity has been determined. It has been observed that the gage factor (fractional change in resistance respect to strain) increases when the maximum load is increased, and the loading rate does not affect significantly this parameter. The effect of the sample ambient humidity on the material piezoresistivity has also been studied, showing that the response of the composite is highly affected by this parameter.

Profit and Trade Deficit in the U. S. Economy

Alejandro Valle Baeza(알레한드로 바예 바에사),Ivan Mendieta Munoz(이반 멘디 에타 무노즈) 경상대학교 사회과학연구원(마르크스주의 연구) 2012 마르크스주의 연구 Vol.9 No.3

Las jornadas del caos: La noción de tiempo en Los detectives salvajes de Roberto Bolaño

Felipe Adrian Rios Baeza 서울대학교 라틴아메리카연구소 2012 이베로아메리카硏究 Vol.23 No.3

This work, which is a fragment of a larger project, tries to provide some guidelines for the configuration of a broad spectrum of studies around the phenomenon of time within the work of the Chilean writer Roberto Bolaño (1953-2003). In his literature, the concept of time should be considered as a flexible notion, as seen in some approaches from philosophy and contemporary physics. This implies understanding that it is the characters themselves who reflect the perception of the elapsing or transferring, stopping or fragmenting, and simultaneity or circularity of time. This essay tries to analyze, in a more specific way, a passage of the book The savage detectives (1998) in which the time “dislocation” that involves Juan García Madero, will call January 1st, 1976 an “invisible day”. El presente trabajo, que se desprende de un proyecto de mayor envergadura, pretende dar algunos lineamientos para la configuración de un horizonte de estudios en torno al fenómeno de la temporalidad en la obra del escritor chileno Roberto Bolaño (1953-2003). En dicha literatura, el concepto de tiempo debería pensarse como una noción flexible, cercana a ciertos planteamientos de la filosofía y la física contemporánea. Ello implica entender que son los mismos personajes que el autor convoca en sus páginas los que refractan la percepción que se tiene del paso o traspaso, detención o fragmentación, simultaneidad o circularidad del tiempo. Puntualmente, en este ensayo se propone analizar de un modo más detenido un pasaje de Los detectives salvajes (1998), en el que a la dislocación temporal Juan García Madero le llamará, el 1 de enero de 1976, “un día invisible”.

왜 자본주의는 이용 가능한 모든 노동력을 활용하지 않을까?

알레한드로 바예 바에사(Alejandro valle baeza) 경상대학교 사회과학연구원(마르크스주의 연구) 2008 마르크스주의 연구 Vol.5 No.4

개발도상국에서의 축적은 선진국의 그것과는 다르다. 왜냐하면 낮은 생산성이 이용 가능한 노동력을 흡수하는 데 필요한 자본구성을 높임으로써 축적에서 또 다른 문제를 야기하기 때문이다. 이 문제는 수입재(imported goods)의 가치와 가격이 어떤 연관을 갖는지에 대한 분석을 필요로 한다. 개도국은 많은 생산수단들을 수입하기 때문이다. 나는 매우 분명하고도 흥미로운 결과를 발견했다. 특정 국가에서 생산되지 않은 수입재는 세계 가치뿐 아니라 환율에 의해 정해진 국내 가치도 갖는다는 점이다. 이 글에서 연구하는 국가들의 생산성이 세계 생산성보다 낮다면 PPP(구매력 지수)로 측정한 국내 가치는 세계 가치보다 높을 것이다. ??To accumulate in a developing country is different than in industrialized countries, because lessened productivity brings extra problems for the accumulation by increasing the composition of capital necessary to absorb the available volume of labor force. This problem required the analysis of the relationship between value and price of imported goods, because many of the means of production are imported by developing countries. I find a clear and interesting outcome. The imported commodities that are not manufactured in a given country have a world value and can only have an assigned national value established by the exchange rate, and if this is from the PPP, this assigned value will be higher than the world value if the productivity of the studied country is lower than the world productivity in the products it trades.

Radiological Alert Network of Extremadura (RAREx) at 2021:30 years of development and current performance of real-time monitoring

María Angeles Ontalba,Jos e Angel Corbacho,Antonio Baeza,Jose Vasco,Jose Manuel Caballero,David Valencia,Juan Antonio Baeza 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.2

In 1993 the University of Extremadura initiated the design, construction and management of theRadiological Alert Network of Extremadura (RAREx). The goal was to acquire reliable near-real-timeinformation on the environmental radiological status in the surroundings of the Almaraz Nuclear Power Plant by measuring, mainly, the ambient dose equivalent. However, the phased development of thisnetwork has been carried out from two points of view. Firstly, there has been an increase in the numberof stations comprising the network. Secondly, there has been an increase in the number of monitoredparameters. As a consequence of the growth of RAREx network, large data volumes are daily generated. To face this big data paradigm, software applications have been developed and implemented in order tomaintain the indispensable real-time and efficient performance of the alert network. In this paper, the description of the current status of RAREx network after 30 years of design andperformance is showed. Also, the performance of the graphing software for daily assessment of theregistered parameters and the automatic on real time warning notification system, which aid with thedecision making process and analysis of values of possible radiological and non-radiological alterations,is briefly described in this paper.

Design, setup and routine operation of a water treatment system for the monitoring of low activities of tritium in water

C.D.R. Azevedo,A. Baeza,E. Chauveau,J.A. Corbacho,J. Diaz,J. Domange,C. Marquet,M. Martinez-Roig,F. Piquemal,C. Roldan,J. Vasco,J.F.C.A. Veloso,N. Yahlali Korean Nuclear Society 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.7

In the TRITIUM project, an on-site monitoring system is being developed to measure tritium (³H) levels in water near nuclear power plants. The quite low-energy betas emitted by ³H have a very short average path in water (5 ㎛ as shown by simulations for 18 keV electrons). This path would be further reduced by impurities present in the water, resulting in a significant reduction of the detection efficiency. Therefore, one of the essential requirements of the project is the elimination of these impurities through a filtration process and the removal of salts in solution. This paper describes a water treatment system developed for the project that meets the following requirements: the water produced should be of near-pure water quality according to ISO 3696 grade 3 standard (conductivity < 10 µS/cm); the system should operate autonomously and be remotely monitored.