Mediating Effect of Work–Family Conflict on the Relationship Between Long Commuting Time and Workers' Anxiety and Insomnia

Baek Seong-Uk,Yoon Jin-Ha,Won Jong-Uk 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2023 Safety and health at work Vol.14 No.1

Background: Our study aimed to investigate the mediating role of workefamily conflict (WFC) on the relationship between long commutes and workers’ anxiety and insomnia. Methods: Our study measured the two dimensions of WFC, time-related, and strain-related, which were considered multiple mediators. The mediating effect of WFC on anxiety and insomnia was investigated by decomposing the total effect into a direct effect (long commuting time/anxiety or insomnia) and an indirect effect (long commuting time / WFC / anxiety or insomnia). The combined indirect effect (joint indirect effect) of strain-related WFC and time-related WFC was estimated. The effects were presented as odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: The direct effect of 120 min or longer of commuting time was 1.39 (95% CI: 1.17e1.65) times increase in the odds of anxiety and 1.64 (95% CI: 1.41e1.90) times increase in the odds of insomnia than those whose commuting time was less than 60 min. In the case of indirect effects, those whose commuting time was 120 min or longer had 1.13 times higher odds of anxiety (95% CI: 1.07e1.18) and 1.12 times higher odds of insomnia (95% CI: 1.07e1.17) via WFC. The joint indirect effects accounted for 26.4% and 18.5% of the total effect on anxiety and insomnia, respectively. The longer the commuting time, the stronger both direct and indirect effects. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the mediating effect of WFC on the relationship between long commuting times and workers’ anxiety and insomnia.

An Osteolytic Meningioma en Plaque of the Sphenoid Ridge

Baek, Jin-Uk,Cho, Young-Dae,Yoo, Jae-Chul The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2008 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.43 No.1

Meningioma en plaque (MEP) is a rare tumor characterized more by its clinical and biological behavior than its histological appearance. Hyperostosis of the skull is one of the characteristic signs of MEP. This bony change can produce clinical symptoms and signs in MEP by pressing against adjacent structures. The authors report a rare case of an osteolytic MEP extending from the sphenoid wing into the orbital wall, middle fossa, and temporalis muscle.

Characteristics and Socio-Demographic Distribution of Precarious Employment Among Korean Wage Workers: A Proposition of Multidimensional Approach Using a Summative Score

Baek Seong-Uk,Kim Min-Seok,Lim Myeong-Hun,Kim Taeyeon,Yoon Jin-Ha,Won Jong-Uk 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2023 Safety and health at work Vol.14 No.4

Introduction: There is a growing global interest in the issue of precarious employment. We aimed to analyze the characteristics and socio-demographic distribution of precarious employment using a summative score approach. Methods: To operationalize precarious employment, we utilized data from the Korean Working Conditions Survey and focused on three distinct dimensions: employment insecurity, income inadequacy, and a lack of rights and protections. By constructing a summative scale ranging from -16 to 2, with lower scores indicating higher precariousness, we measured employment precariousness among Korean wage workers. To compare employment precariousness according to survey participant characteristics, we employed the Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test. Results: We analyzed a weighted number of 38,432 workers. The overall sample showed a median (Q1, Q3) summative scale score of -3 (-6, -1). The median summative score was lower for women compared to men (men: -2; women: -5; p < 0.001), as well as for young or older workers compared to middle-aged workers (young: -4; middle-aged: -2; older: -5; p < 0.001). Similarly, workers with lower educational levels (middle school or below: -8; high school: -5; college or above: -2; p < 0.001) and non-white collar workers (blue collar: -5; service/sales worker: -6; white collar: -2; p < 0.001) experienced higher levels of employment precariousness. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that certain vulnerable groups, such as women, young or older adults, workers with low educational attainment, and caregiving or low-skilled elementary workers, are disproportionately exposed to high employment precariousness. Active policy interventions are needed to improve the employment quality of vulnerable groups.

Self-Esteem Trajectories After Occupational Injuries and Diseases and Their Relation to Changes in Subjective Health: Result From the Panel Study of Workers’ Compensation Insurance (PSWCI)

Baek Seong-Uk,Lee Won-Tae,Kim Min-Seok,Lim Myeong-Hun,Yoon Jin-Ha,Won Jong-Uk 대한의학회 2023 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.38 No.37

Background: Occupational injuries and diseases are life events that significantly impact an individuals’ identity. In this study, we examined the trajectories of self-esteem among victims of occupational injury and disease and their relation to health. Methods: The Panel Study of Workers’ Compensation Insurance conducted annual followups on workers who had experienced occupational injury or disease. A total of 2,000 participants, who had completed medical care, were followed from 2013 to 2017. Growth mixture modeling was utilized to identify latent classes in the self-esteem trajectory. Additionally, logistic regressions were conducted to explore the association between trajectory membership, baseline predictors, and outcomes. Results: Three distinct trajectory classes were identified. Total 65.8% of the samples (n = 1,316) followed an increasing self-esteem trajectory, while 31.1% (n = 623) exhibited a constant trajectory, and 3.1% (n = 61) showed a decreasing trajectory. Individuals with an increasing trajectory were more likely to have a higher educational attainment (odds ratio [OR], 1.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20–2.88), an absence of a moderate-to-severe disability rating (OR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.25–0.96), no difficulty in daily living activities (OR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.75–0.88), and were economically active (re-employed: OR, 2.46; 95% CI, 1.52–3.98; returned to original work: OR, 4.46; 9% CI, 2.65–7.50). Those with a decreasing self-esteem trajectory exhibited an increased risk of poor subjective health (OR, 1.89; 95% CI, 0.85–4.85 in 2013 to OR, 3.17; 95% CI, 1.04–13.81 in 2017), whereas individuals with an increasing trajectory showed a decreased risk (OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.43–0.68 in 2013 to OR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.33–0.57 in 2017). Conclusion: Our findings emphasize the diversity of psychological responses to occupational injury or disease. Policymakers should implement interventions to enhance the self-esteem of victims.

각막확장증과 스티븐스존슨증후군 합병증 환자에서 미니공막렌즈의 치료 효과 1예

백진욱(Jin Uk Baek),박창현(Chang Hyun Park),나경선(Kyung Sun Na),김현승(Hyun Seung Kim) 대한안과학회 2018 대한안과학회지 Vol.59 No.10

목적: 스티븐스존슨증후군과 각막확장증이 동반된 환자에서 미니공막렌즈를 사용하였을 때 단기간의 치료 효과 사례를 보고하고자 한다. 증례요약: 34년 전 설파제 및 피린계 항생제에 의한 알레르기로 스티븐스존슨증후군을 진단 받고, 이후 20년 전 원추각막증을 진단 받은 54세 여자 환자가 지속되는 우안 통증 및 시력저하를 주소로 내원하였다. 치료용 렌즈, 항생제 및 국소 스테로이드 점안제 등을 사용하였으나, 증세가 조절되지 않아 우안 미니공막렌즈 착용을 고려하였다. 17년 전 병원에 처음 내원할 당시 우안은 나안시력 logMAR 1.0, 최대교정시력 logMAR 0.22로 측정되었다. 그러나 스티븐스존슨증후군과 각막확장증이 심해졌고, 백내장의 악화로 수술을 고려하였으나 환자는 백내장수술을 거부하였다. 이후 최대교정시력은 logMAR 1.10까지 저하되었다. 전안부 검사상 우안 결막 섬유화, 유두 비대 및 여포가 있었으며, 각막에 전반적인 표층 점상 탈락과 윤부결핍으로 인한 각막 주변부에 신생혈관이 관찰되었다. 치료용 렌즈를 통한 증상 조절 중 치료용 렌즈로 인한 염증 악화 소견을 보여 미니공막렌즈를 처방하였다. 이후 각막 및 결막의 신생혈관이 줄어드는 양상을 보이며 미니공막렌즈 착용 6개월 후 우안 나안시력 logMAR 0.80, 최대교정시력 logMAR 0.60까지 개선되었다. 결론: 스티븐스존슨증후군과 각막확장증이 동반된 환자에서 미니공막렌즈를 사용할 경우 시력 개선 및 증상 조절에 유용한 치료 수단으로 고려될 수 있겠다. Purpose: We report short-term treatment effects of a mini-scleral lens in patients with Stevens-Johnson syndrome and corneal ectasia. Case summary: A 54-year-old female who had been diagnosed with Stevens-Johnson syndrome and keratoconus presented with persistent right eye pain and decreased visual acuity. Therapeutic lenses, topical antibiotic eye drops, and topical steroid eye drops were used; however the symptoms were not controlled, then the patient was treated with a mini-scleral contact lens in the right eye. At the time of the first visit to our hospital 17 years ago, and the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of the right eye was logMAR 0.22. However, Stevens-Johnson syndrome and corneal ectasia were severe and cataract surgery was considered because of worsening cataracts, but the patients refused this surgery. At the time, the BCVA of the right eye was then reduced to logMAR 1.10. On ophthalmic examination, there was conjunctival fibrosis and corneal neovascularization of the right eye. The symptoms were not managed with a using a therapeutic lens, and then the patient was prescribed a mini-scleral contact lens. After wearing the mini-scleral contact lens, the corneal and conjunctival neovascularization was reduced. After 6 months, the BCVA of the right eye improved to logMAR 0.60. Conclusions: In patients with Stevens-Johnson syndrome and corneal ecstasia, mini-scleral contact lens can be considered as a useful treatment option for visual improvement and symptom control.

강도 및 소음 개선을 위한 최적 치형설계에 관한 연구

백진욱(Jin-Uk Baek),곽기명(Gi-Myung Gwak),김남용(Nam-Yong Kim),최창호(Chang-Ho Choi),류성기(Sung-Ki Lyu) 한국기계가공학회 2023 한국기계가공학회지 Vol.22 No.1

Mental health symptoms among dependent contractors in Korea: a cross-sectional study based on the Fifth Korean Working Condition Survey

Seong-Uk Baek,Sung-Shil Lim,Sehyun Yun,Won-Tae Lee,Min-Seok Kim,Jin-Ha Yoon,Jong-Uk Won 대한직업환경의학회 2022 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.34 No.-

Background: Recently, there has been a call to improve the holistic welfare of dependent contractors (DCs). Thus, our study examined the relationship between DCs and mental health symptoms and how this relationship was modified by age, sex, and income status of workers. Methods: A total of 27,980 workers from the Fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey are included in our study. The participants who reported having depression or anxiety over the last 12 months are defined those who had mental health symptoms. We performed exact matching for age group and sex, followed by conditional logistic regression with survey weights. Finally, stratified analyses by age, sex and income level were conducted. Results: DCs were found to be at increased risk of depression/anxiety compared to other workers. The odds ratio (OR) is 1.52 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06–2.17). In the stratified analyses, vulnerable groups were middle-aged (OR [95% CI]: 1.68 [1.10–2.54]), female (OR [95% CI]: 1.85 [1.20–2.84]), and low-income (OR [95% CI]: 3.18 [1.77–5.73]) workers. Conclusions: Our study’s results reinforce those of other studies that show that DCs are at greater risk of experiencing mental health issues than other workers and that and this risk is greater for middle-aged, female, and low-income workers. These results suggest that appropriate policy efforts should be made to improve the psychological well-being of DCs.

수소전기차용 700 bar 수소충전노즐의 노즐형상을 고려한 최적설계에 관한 연구

백진욱(Jin-Uk Baek),곽기명(Gi-Myung Gwak),김남용(Nam-Yong Kim),조용민(Yong-Min Cho),류성기(Sung-Ki Lyu) 한국기계가공학회 2022 한국기계가공학회지 Vol.21 No.7

순환유동층 연소로에서 하수슬러지/목질계 바이오매스 혼합펠릿의 연소: 오염물질 저감을 위한 산화제 변화 영향

백건욱(Geon-Uk Baek),문지홍(Ji-Hong Moon),조성호(Sung-Ho Jo),박성진(Sung-Jin Park),김재영(Jae-Young Kim),최유진(Yu-Jin Choi),배달희(Dal-Hee Bae),Nguyen Hoang Khoi,이규복(Kyubock Lee),문태영(Tae-Young Mun) 한국연소학회 2020 한국연소학회지 Vol.25 No.1

Combustion experiment for pellets of sewage sludge and woody biomass blend was conducted in a pilot-scale circulating fluidized bed combustor (CFBC) consisting of the riser, two hot cyclones and a loop-seal to reduce pollutant emission in exhausted flue gas. To achieve them, the effect of the oxidant variations, such as superficial velocity, equivalence ratio(ER: 1.2, 1.3, 1.4) and combustion atmosphere (air-fired and oxy-fired) was evaluated. As pollutant emissions in flue gas, SO₂, NO, CO, CO₂, HCl, odor contaminants and leaching behavior of heavy metals were analyzed. As a result, to stably operate combustion of pellet mixed with sewage sludge and woody biomass as alternative renewable fuel in a CFBC system, the superficial velocity in the riser had to be kept under 6 m/s and the equivalence ratio was proper around 1.3-1.4. All odor contaminants formed at these operating conditions met the domestic air pollutant standards. Heavy metals in fly ash met the environment ministry’s standard. Additionally, compared to air-firing, SO₂, NO and CO as precursors of fine particles during oxy-firing were reduced by 70.8, 77.1 and 38.2%, respectively.

어린이의 구강 내 아말감 충전물에 의한 수은노출과 뇨중수은농도: 6개월 추적조사

백혜진 ( Hye Jin Baek ),최연희 ( Youn Hee Choi ),사공준 ( Kong Joon Sa ),이영은 ( Young Eun Lee ),이희경 ( Hee Kyung Lee ),진명욱 ( Myoung Uk Jin ),송근배 ( Keun Bae Song ) 대한구강보건학회 2012 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.36 No.4

Objectives: Dental amalgam is a widely used filling material for oral cavity. The released mercury vapor from amalgam could have systemic adverse effects potentially. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between dental amalgam and urinary mercury levels in children during a 6-month timespan. Methods: A total of 525 elementary school children participated in this study. Oral examination was carried out from one dentist. Urine samples collected at baseline and at 6 month were analyzed for mercury and creatinine excretion. Additionally, general characteristics of subjects were surveyed by a questionnaire. The statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 18.0. Results: Greater amalgam surfaces were associated to higher urinary mercury levels; this tendency was similar at the 6-month observation after the correct baseline data. In the multivariable model, urinary mercury excretion was only associated with amalgam surfaces positively. Conclusions: Even a small amount of mercury uptake from dental amalgam has been associated to increase the mercury concentration of urine.