이하선 종양으로 오인된 이하선 결핵 1예

배교한(Gyo Han Bae),김정석(Jung Suk Kim),노웅재(Woong Jae Noh) 대한두경부종양학회 2020 대한두경부 종양학회지 Vol.36 No.1

Tuberculosis of parotid gland is extremely rare, even in countries where tuberculosis is endemic. It can occur by systemic dissemination from a distant focus or as primary involvement. Because of the clinical and radiological similarity, parotid tumor and parotid inflammatory disease take priority over the tuberculosis of parotid when it comes to differential diagnosis. As a result, clinicians often fail to make a timely diagnosis of tuberculosis of parotid gland in patient with a slowly growing parotid mass. However, its treatment is primarily medical if the positive diagnosis is well established. We have recently experienced a case of tuberculosis of parotid gland that was considered as the benign tumor preoperatively, but which was confirmed as tuberculosis of parotid gland after extracapsular dissection. We report it with a review of literature.

New Method for Simultaneous Quantifi cation of 12 Ginsenosides in Red Ginseng Powder and Extract

Gyo In,Nam-Geun Ahn,Bong-Seok Bae,Sung-Tai Han,Kil-Bong Noh,Cheon-Suk Kim 고려인삼학회 2012 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.36 No.2

For quality control of components in Korean red ginseng powder and extract, a new method for simultaneous quantifi cation of 12 ginsenosides (Rg₁, Re, Rf, Rh₁, Rg₂[S], Rg₂[R], Rb₁, Rc, Rb₂, Rd, Rg₃[S], and Rg₃[R]) was studied. Compared to the offi cial method for quantifi cation of marker substances (ginsenosides Rg1 and Rb₁), the proposed methods were guaranteed by in-house method validation. Several criteria such as linearity, specifi city, precision and accuracy were evaluated. For red ginseng powder, recovery (averaging 95% to 105%) was calculated, and analysis of variance was carried out to estimate the relative standard deviation (0.20% to 2.12%). For red ginseng extract, the average recovery rate was 90% to 99% and the relative standard deviation was 0.39% to 2.40%. These results indicate that the proposed method could be used in the laboratory for determination of 12 ginsenosides in red ginseng powder and extract. In addition, this method was found to be suitable for quality control of ginseng products and potentially offer time and cost benefi ts.

고능율 와이어컷 방전가공조건에 관한 실험적 고찰

배성한,정윤교 國立 昌原大學校 産業技術硏究所 1993 産技硏論文集 Vol.7 No.-

Wire-cut electric discharge machining is technique in the midst of development, and the factors of effect on working characteristic are various. Purpose of this study is to obtain efficient machining condition for metal mold of satisfactional quality from experimental study in wire-cut electric discharge machining with alloy tool steel STD11. In this study, the effect of peak discharge current[Ip], gap voltage[Vg], and spark cycle[T] on machining speed[F], kerf width[G], and surface roughness[Ra] in wire-cut electric discharge machining are discussed mainly. It is found that F is function of Ip, Vg, T and expressed ad F = {α*Ip*(V-Vg)+β}/T[mm/min]. Relationship between Ra and F can be written as Ra=γ*F+δ[μm]. G is proptioned to Ip and Vg but is not connected with T. If the average roughness of metal mold is, therefore, decided, the machining speed and efficient machining conditions can be calculated.

In situ analysis of chemical components induced by steaming between fresh ginseng, steamed ginseng, and red ginseng

Gyo In,Nam-Geun Ahn,Bong-Seok Bae,Myoung-Woo Lee,Hee-Won Park,Kyoung Hwa Jang,Byung-Goo Cho,Chang Kyun Han,Chae Kyu Park,Yi-Seong Kwak 고려인삼학회 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.3

Background: The chemical constituents of Panax ginseng are changed by processing methods such as steaming or sun drying. In the present study, the chemical change of Panax ginseng induced by steaming was monitored in situ. Methods: Samples were separated from the same ginseng root by incision during the steaming process, for in situ monitoring. Sampling was sequentially performed in three stages; FG (fresh ginseng) / SG (steamed ginseng) / RG (red ginseng) and 60 samples were prepared and freeze dried. The samples were then analyzed to determine 43 constituents among three stages of P. ginseng. Results: The results showed that six malonyl-ginsenoside (Rg1, Rb1, Rb3, Rc, Rd, Rb2) and 15 amino acids were decreased in concentration during the steaming process. In contrast, ginsenoside-Rh1, 20(S)-Rg2, 20(S, R)-Rg3 and Maillard reaction product such as AF (arginine-fructose), AFG (arginine-fructoseglucose), and maltol were newly generated or their concentrations were increased. Conclusion: This study elucidates the dynamic changes in the chemical components of P. ginseng when the steaming process was induced. These results are thought to be helpful for quality control and standardization of herbal drugs using P. ginseng and they also provide a scientific basis for pharmacological research of processed ginseng (Red ginseng).

New Method for Simultaneous Quantification of 12 Ginsenosides in Red Ginseng Powder and Extract: In-house Method Validation

In, Gyo,Ahn, Nam-Geun,Bae, Bong-Seok,Han, Sung-Tai,Noh, Kil-Bong,Kim, Cheon-Suk The Korean Society of Ginseng 2012 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.36 No.2

For quality control of components in Korean red ginseng powder and extract, a new method for simultaneous quantification of 12 ginsenosides ($Rg_1$, Re, Rf, $Rh_1$, $Rg_2$[S], $Rg_2$[R], $Rb_1$, Rc, $Rb_2$, Rd, $Rg_3$[S], and $Rg_3$[R]) was studied. Compared to the official method for quantification of marker substances (ginsenosides $Rg_1$ and $Rb_1$), the proposed methods were guaranteed by in-house method validation. Several criteria such as linearity, specificity, precision and accuracy were evaluated. For red ginseng powder, recovery (averaging 95% to 105%) was calculated, and analysis of variance was carried out to estimate the relative standard deviation (0.20% to 2.12%). For red ginseng extract, the average recovery rate was 90% to 99% and the relative standard deviation was 0.39% to 2.40%. These results indicate that the proposed method could be used in the laboratory for determination of 12 ginsenosides in red ginseng powder and extract. In addition, this method was found to be suitable for quality control of ginseng products and potentially offer time and cost benefits.

In situ analysis of chemical components induced by steaming between fresh ginseng, steamed ginseng, and red ginseng

In, Gyo,Ahn, Nam-Geun,Bae, Bong-Seok,Lee, Myoung-Woo,Park, Hee-Won,Jang, Kyoung Hwa,Cho, Byung-Goo,Han, Chang Kyun,Park, Chae Kyu,Kwak, Yi-Seong The Korean Society of Ginseng 2017 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.41 No.3

Background: The chemical constituents of Panax ginseng are changed by processing methods such as steaming or sun drying. In the present study, the chemical change of Panax ginseng induced by steaming was monitored in situ. Methods: Samples were separated from the same ginseng root by incision during the steaming process, for in situ monitoring. Sampling was sequentially performed in three stages; FG (fresh ginseng) ${\rightarrow}$ SG (steamed ginseng) ${\rightarrow}$ RG (red ginseng) and 60 samples were prepared and freeze dried. The samples were then analyzed to determine 43 constituents among three stages of P. ginseng. Results: The results showed that six malonyl-ginsenoside (Rg1, Rb1, Rb3, Rc, Rd, Rb2) and 15 amino acids were decreased in concentration during the steaming process. In contrast, ginsenoside-Rh1, 20(S)-Rg2, 20(S, R)-Rg3 and Maillard reaction product such as AF (arginine-fructose), AFG (arginine-fructose-glucose), and maltol were newly generated or their concentrations were increased. Conclusion: This study elucidates the dynamic changes in the chemical components of P. ginseng when the steaming process was induced. These results are thought to be helpful for quality control and standardization of herbal drugs using P. ginseng and they also provide a scientific basis for pharmacological research of processed ginseng (Red ginseng).

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Zinc Iodide in the Sodalite Cavities of Zeolite A (LTA)

Kim, Seok-Han,Park, Man,Son, Young-Ja,Lee, Hyung-Joo,Jeong, Gyo-Cheol,Bae, Myung-Nam,Lim, Woo-Taik Korean Chemical Society 2007 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.28 No.4

The crystal structure of ZnI2 molecule synthesized in zeolite A (LTA) has been studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. A single crystal of |Zn6|[Si12Al12O48]-LTA, synthesized by the dynamic ion-exchange of |Na12|[Si12Al12O48]-LTA with aqueous 0.05 M Zn(NO3)2 and washed with deionized water, was placed in a stream of flowing 0.05 M KI in CH3OH at 294 K for four days. The resulting crystal structure of the product (|K6Zn3(KI)3(ZnI2)0.5|[Si12Al12O48]-LTA, a = 12.1690(10) A) was determined at 294 K by single-crystal X-ray diffraction in the space group Pm3m. It was refined with all measured reflections to the final error index R1 = 0.078 for 431 reflections which Fo > 4σ (Fo). At four crystallographically distinct positions, 3.5 Zn2+ and nine K+ ions per unit cell are found: three Zn2+ and five K+ ions lie on the 3-fold axes opposite 6-rings in the large cavity, two K+ ions are off the plane of the 8-rings, two K+ ions are recessed deeply off the plane of the 8-rings, and the remaining a half Zn2+ ion lie on the 3-fold axes opposite 6-rings in the sodalite cavity. A half Zn2+ ion and an I- ion per unit cell are found in the sodalite units, indicating the formation of a ZnI2 molecule in 50% of the sodalite cavities. Each ZnI2 (Zn-I = 3.35(5) A) is held in place by the coordination of its one Zn2+ ion to the zeolite framework oxygens and by the coordination of its two I- ions to K+ ions through 6-rings (I-K = 3.33(8) A). Three additional I- ions per unit cell are found opposite a 4-ring in the large cavity and form a K3I2+ and two K2ZnI3+ ionic clusters, respectively.

A case of modified advancement flap for an auricular skin defect

Park Geun Woo,Bae Gyo Han,Jung Tae Young,Noh Woong Jae 대한미용의학회 2021 대한미용의학회지 Vol.5 No.2

The auricle is susceptible to damage because of its position in the body. Reconstruction of auricular defects, especially on the anterior side, is challenging considering the thin skin compartment and complex topography. Various techniques can be used for reconstruction, of which local flaps are preferred owing to their excellent outcomes. We report a case of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in the cavum concha that was successfully reconstructed with a modified advancement flap technique. We would like to share our experience and suggest the modified advancement flap as an option for reconstruction.

Dual Energy CT를 이용한 통풍 검사의 유용성과 요산결절로 오인될 수 있는 artifact에 대한 고찰

한영길(Young Gil Han),부재철(Jae Cheol Boo),김도윤(Do Yun Kim),임근교(Geun Gyo Im),김순배(Soon Bae Kim) 대한CT영상기술학회 2012 대한CT영상기술학회지 Vol.14 No.1

I. Objective The objective of the study is to examine the usefulness of a dual energy CT which uses two different types of energy to differentiate the soft tissue and bones on the urate crystal of the goat in diagnosing gouts. II. Subjects and Method From April 13th, 2011 to August 16th, 2011, a dual energy foot CT was conducted on 44 of the in-patients who were diagnosed or suspected of the gout. Scan data were reconstructed using 3D-workstation (LEONARDO)’ s gout software and then, two specialists from the diagnostic imaging department assessed whether the artifacts are either the urate crystal or those that may be mistaken for one. The patients included 30 patients whose gout diagnosis were confirmed by other medical opinions her than CT test (male: 27, female 3, average age: 53.3, range: 19~76) and 14 patients who were confirmed negative for gout (male: 11, female: 3, average age: 50.7, range: 28~68) and the diagnostic result on the gout and the presence of urate crystal by a dual energy CT were compared for analysis. III. Results Urate cystal was observed in 27 patients out of 30 whose gout diagnosis were confirmed and it was not observed in three patients. 14 out of 14 patients, who did not have gout, did now show urate crystal in all cases. Based on the confirmed diagnosis, 30 gout patients showed 90% sensitivity to the dual energy CT test and 14 patients who were confirmed negative for gout showed 100% specificity. Furthermore, the false positive rate was found to be 0%, the false negative rate, 10% and the accuracy rate 93%. The evaluation results on the artifact that could be mistaken for urate crystal indicated that the artifacts were observed in the thick skin of 19 patients and toe nail parts of 15 patients among 30 patients with confirmed gout. Among 14 patients who did not have gout, artifacts were observed in the thick skin of seven patients and the toe nail part of four patients. IV. Conclusion The findings from the study indicated that the dual energy CT showed a high accuracy in assessing the urate crystal of the gout. However, because the artifacts which could be mistaken for urate crystal in the thick skin and toil nail area in some patients were found, more thorough observation and consideration on diagnosing the urate cystal would be required. Despite this, a dual energy gout CT has high sensitivity and accuracy and it can even determine the location and the volume of urate crystal which were not accurately determined. Thus, a dual energy gout CT will be helpful in assessing the degree of calcification, location and the progress in the treatment of urate crystal for the gout patients who requires the continuous treatment and follow-ups. 목적 서로 다른 두 게의 에너지를 사용하여 통풍에 대한 요산결절을 연부조직 및 뼈와 구분하여 나타내는 특성을 이용한 dual energy CT의 통풍 검사에 대한 유용성과 진단에 있어서 통풍 결절로 오인될 수 있는 artifact에 대해서 알아보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 2011년 4월 13일부터 2011년 8월 16일까지 내원 환자 중 통풍을 진단받았거나 통풍이 의심되는 환자 44명을 대상으로 dual energy foot CT검사를 시행하였다. Scan data는 3D-workstation(LEONARDO)의 gout software를 이용하여 재구성한 후 영상의학과 전문의 2명이 요산결절 및 요산결절로 오인될 수 있는 artifact의 여부를 평가하였다. 대상 환자들은 CT검사를 제외한 다른 임상 소견들을 통해 통풍으로 확진된 환자 30명(남자: 27명, 여자 3명, 평균연령: 53.3세, 범위: 19~76세)과 통풍이 아니라고 확진된 환자 14명(남자: 11명, 여자: 3명, 평균연령: 50.7세, 범위: 28~68세)으로 구분하여 통풍에 대한 진단결과와 dual energy CT의 요산결절 여부를 비교 평가하였다. 결과 통풍으로 확진을 받은 환자 30명 중 27명에서 요산결절이 발견되었으며 3명에서는 발견되지 않았고 통풍이 아닌 환자 14명 중 14명 모두에게서 요산결절이 발견되지 않았다. 확진을 근거로 통풍환자 30명에 대한 dual energy CT검사의 민감도는 90%, 통풍이 아닌 환자 14명에 대한 특이도는 100%였다. 그리고 위양성발생률은 0%, 위음성발생률은 10%였고 정확도는 93%로 나타났다. 요산결절로 오인될 수 있는 artifact의 평가 결과는 통풍환자 30명 중 19명 환자의 thick skin과 15명의 toe nail부분에서 artifact가 보였고 통풍이 아닌 환자에서도 14명 중 7명의 thick skin과 4명의 toe nail 부분에서 artifact가 관찰되었다. 결론 본 연구결과 dual energy CT는 통풍에 대한 요산결절의 침착 여부를 평가하는데 높은 정확성을 보였다. 그러나 일부의 환자에게서 발바닥의 굳은살과 발톱부위에 요산결절로 오인될 수 있는 artifact가 발생됨에 따라 요산결절을 진단함에 있어 보다 세심한 관찰과 판단이 요구된다. 그럼에도 불구하고 dual energy gout CT는 높은 민감도와 정확도를 가지며 기존에는 정확하게 알 수 없었던 요산결절의 위치와 부피까지도 파악할 수 있었다. 따라서 지속적인 치료와 follow-up이 요구되는 통풍 환자에게 dual energy gout CT는 요산결절의 침착 정도와 위치, 치료의 경과를 평가하는데 있어서 유용한 도움을 줄 수 있을 것이라 사료된다.

Novel compact dual-band LOROP camera with telecentricity.

Park, Kwang-Woo,Han, Jeong-Yeol,Bae, Jongin,Kim, Sug-Whan,Kim, Chang-Woo,Rhee, Hyug-Gyo,Yang, Ho-Soon,Lee, Yun-Woo Optical Society of America 2012 Optics express Vol.20 No.10

<P>We report a new dual band compact oblique photography camera (LC11) that is the first to benefit from the incorporation of telecentricity. LC11 has a common front end F/6.6 telescope with 280 mm in aperture that forms its electro-optical (EO, F/7.5) and MWIR (F/5.6) modules. The design allows a substantial reduction in volume and weight due to i) the EO/MWIR compensator and relay lens groups arranged very close to the primary mirror (M1), and ii) light-weighted M1 and SiC main frame (MF) structure. Telecentricity of up to 2 and 0.2 degrees for the EO and MWIR modules, respectively, is achieved by balancing optical power among all lenses. The initial field test shows 0.32 0.05 (EO)/0.20 0.06 (MWIR) in measured MTF at 28 (EO) and 13 (MWIR) cycles/mm in target frequency, and an improved operability with a greater reduction in operational volume and mass than other existing LOROP cameras.</P>