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Rameshwar Singh Rattan,Ashok B. Hadapad,Annette Reineke,Prem R. Gupta,Claus P.W. Zebitz 한국응용곤충학회 2011 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.14 No.2
Cotesia are larval endoparasitoids and are potential biocontrol agents for various insect pests. In the present study, we attempted to detect the allele-specific ftsZ gene of Wolbachia in Cotesia spp. obtained from different geographical locations. Samples of Cotesia plutellae originating from India (Bangalore and Ludhiana), Kenya,and South Africa and samples of C. glomerata from India (Solan) confirmed the presence of Wolbachia. However, C. plutellae samples from the Kullu region of India did not show infection with Wolbachia. ftsZ sequences showed a high degree of homology within the species (N99%). The low genetic distance in the infected Cotesia populations indicated a single ancestral type, and distance to and from the outgroup suggested that populations are from the same species. Phylogenetic grouping of Cotesia species on the basis of geographic origin showed that the Wolbachia strain is closely related to strains that infect phylogenetically distant hosts.
Prusik Climbing to Promote Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity for Youths
Nathali Niedorowski-Jones,진주연,Jeff Steffen,David Reineke 상명대학교 글로벌문화예술교육연구소 2020 Research in Dance and Physical Activity Vol.4 No.2
The purpose of this study was to examine mean heart rate (HR) responses of youths in prusik climbing, compared to indoor rock climbing. Twenty eight college students (18-25 yrs.) were randomized into Group 1 (n = 14) and Group 2 (n = 14). During the walk (15-minunte) and exercise bouts (15-minute) of each participant, HR was measured using a Polar Advantage XL Heart Rate monitor and was recorded every 5 seconds and averaged into 5-minute intervals. A three-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that indoor rock climbing had a significantly higher mean HR (F = 9.153, df1 = 1, df2 = 26, P < 0.05) than prusik climbing, but both mean HRs at each time interval were in the moderate to vigorous range. Prusik climbing may be an effective alternative over indoor rock climbing in physical education settings to promote students’ moderate to vigorous physical activity at minimal cost and space.
Lee, Jonghee,Koh, Tae-Wook,Cho, Hyunsu,Hofmann, Simone,Reineke, Sebastian,Lee, Jae-Hyun,Lee, Jeong-Ik,Yoo, Seunghyup,Leo, Karl,Gather, Malte C. Elsevier 2015 Organic Electronics Vol.26 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>White organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) are one of the most promising technologies to realize future solid-state lighting with high power efficiency, broad and adjustable spectral coverage, and area emission for more effective and natural illumination. In this work, we report a new method of tuning the correlated color temperature (CCT) of WOLEDs via spatially controlling the degree of the micro-cavity effect in an OLED. Varying the width of thin Ag strips deposited on top of a transparent electrode leads to changes in both intensity and phase of reflection at the anode, hence significantly altering emission spectra of proposed WOLEDs. CCT of the implemented WOLEDs span a wide range, from 3000K to 8000K, demonstrating that our proposed approach helps to meet the need for lighting with various CCTs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We report a correlated color temperature (CCT) tunable white OLEDs. </LI> <LI> Micro-cavity (MC) effect in an OLED was controlled with a striped thin metal layer. </LI> <LI> MC effect alters emission spectra and intensity of white OLEDs. </LI> <LI> CCT of the implemented white OLEDs span a wide range, from 3000K to 8000K. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>White organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) are one of the most promising technologies to realize future solid-state lighting with high power efficiency, broad and adjustable spectral coverage, and area emission for more effective and natural illumination. In this work, we report a new method of tuning the correlated color temperature (CCT) of WOLEDs via spatially controlling the degree of the micro-cavity effect in an OLED. Varying the width of thin Ag strips deposited on top of a transparent electrode leads to changes in both intensity and phase of reflection at the anode, hence significantly altering emission spectra of proposed WOLEDs. CCT of the implemented WOLEDs span a wide range, from 3000K to 8000K, demonstrating that our proposed approach helps to meet the need for lighting with various CCTs.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Narasimha P. Reddy,Akbar P. Ali Khan,Uma K. Devi,Hari C. Sharma,Annette Reineke 한국응용곤충학회 2009 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.12 No.4
Experiments were done to test if Beauveria bassiana can become an endophyte in sorghum and confer protection from stem borer. Four-week-old sorghum seedlings were treated with B. bassiana. The plants were examined for endophytic presence of B. bassiana, 30 and 60 days after treatment. Stem cultures from treated plants showed growth of B. bassiana. PCR amplification using fungal specific primers for a conserved region of β tubulin gene yielded identical 360 bp products from both B. bassiana and treated sorghum plants. In a subsequent experiment, B. bassiana treated and untreated (control) sorghum plants were artificially infested with stem borer (Chilo partellus) larvae 15 days post treatment and the extent of damage was compared. About 40% of the control plants developed dead heart while no plant in the B. bassiana treated plot did. In the surviving control plants, stem tunneling by shoot borer was significantly higher compared to B. bassiana treated sorghum plants. Experiments were done to test if Beauveria bassiana can become an endophyte in sorghum and confer protection from stem borer. Four-week-old sorghum seedlings were treated with B. bassiana. The plants were examined for endophytic presence of B. bassiana, 30 and 60 days after treatment. Stem cultures from treated plants showed growth of B. bassiana. PCR amplification using fungal specific primers for a conserved region of β tubulin gene yielded identical 360 bp products from both B. bassiana and treated sorghum plants. In a subsequent experiment, B. bassiana treated and untreated (control) sorghum plants were artificially infested with stem borer (Chilo partellus) larvae 15 days post treatment and the extent of damage was compared. About 40% of the control plants developed dead heart while no plant in the B. bassiana treated plot did. In the surviving control plants, stem tunneling by shoot borer was significantly higher compared to B. bassiana treated sorghum plants.
Lee, J.,Cho, H.,Koh, T.W.,Hofmann, S.,Kim, Y.H.,Yun, C.,Schwab, T.,Reineke, S.,Lussem, B.,Lee, J.I.,Yoo, S.,Leo, K.,Gather, M.C. Elsevier Science 2013 Organic electronics Vol.14 No.10
We investigated the control of micro-cavity (MC) effects in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with the introduction of a striped thin metal layer between the indium tin oxide (ITO) layer and the hole transporting layer (HTL). With an enhanced MC effect obtained through the inserted metal layer, the forward emission of the OLED became stronger and the angular distribution became more forward-directed, leading to a current efficiency (CE) that was nearly 1.45times higher than that of the reference device without the inserted metal layer. The net CE of the OLEDs with a striped metal layer was found to be determined by the area-weighted average of the CE's of full-cavity-enhanced OLEDs and non-cavity OLEDs. It was also observed that the trade-off between resonance enhancement in efficiency and angle-dependent color stability, often found problematic in MC-based OLEDs, could be mitigated in a straight-forward manner by changing the relative portion of the metal-covered area.
Nurhayati, Nurhayati,Thinggaard, Grete,Chakeredza, S.,Reineking, A.,Langel, R.,ter Meulen, U. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.3
An experiment was conducted to determine the distribution of nitrogen-15 in tissues of laying hens receiving different levels of $^{15}N$-CCC in diets. Twenty brown laying hens were divided into four groups and randomly assigned into one of four dietary treatment groups consisting of 0, 5, 50 and 100 ppm $^{15}N$-CCC inclusion. The hens were individually fed with the $^{15}N$-CCC diets in battery cages for 11 days and then all hens restored to feeding on the control diet for 7 days. After eleven days, eight hens were slaughtered, and the others were slaughtered seven days after $^{15}N$-CCC diets withdrawal. Samples of blood, liver, heart and meat were collected and their $^{15}N$ contents were determined. The ${\delta}^{15}N$ excess (${\delta}^{15}N$-ex) and atom percentage excess in $^{15}N$ were calculated. The ${\delta}^{15}N$-ex and atom percentage excess $^{15}N$ increased significantly (p<0.05) with increasing levels of $^{15}N$-CCC in diets in all tissues after feeding $^{15}N$-CCC diets for eleven days. The highest concentration of ${\delta}^{15}N$-ex and atom percentage excess $^{15}N$ were detected in blood, followed in order by liver, heart and thigh meat. The concentrations reduced significantly (p<0.05) after $^{15}N$-CCC diets were withdrawn. Comparison between treatment groups showed that ${\delta}^{15}N$-ex and atom percentage excess $^{15}N$ were still higher in hens that had been fed diets with higher levels of $^{15}N$-CCC. This study showed that nitrogen-15 was distributed in blood, liver, heart and meat of laying hens.
Seo, Bumsuk,Bogner, Christina,Koellner, Thomas,Reineking, Bjorn IEEE 2016 IEEE journal of selected topics in applied earth o Vol.9 No.9
<P>Existing global land use/land cover (LULC) raster maps have limited spatial and thematic resolution relative to the strong heterogeneity of agricultural landscapes. One promising approach to derive more informative maps is using fractional cover instead of hard classification. Here, we evaluate the effect of three key data processing options on the performance of random forest (RF) fractional cover models for moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) data in a heterogeneous agricultural landscape in a monsoon region: 1) selection of spectral predictor sets [ normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), enhanced vegetation index (EVI), surface reflectance (SR), and all combined (Full)]; 2) time interval (8-day vs. 16-day); and 3) smoothing (no smoothing versus Savitzky-Golay (SG) filter). Model performance was assessed with spatially stratified rootmean-square error (RMSE), Spearman's rank correlation, and R-2, per LULC type and averaged over all types. We found adequate performance of the best model (avg. rho = 0.62) that used all predictors, 8-day interval and no smoothing. Among the different alternatives, the choice of predictors accounted for 36.3% of the variation, smoothing for 19.0%, and time interval for 17.9%. The intrinsic dimensionalities of the spectral predictors were investigated to complement the variable importance analyses. Although predicting LULC fractions for minor types remained difficult, our results suggest that existing satellite products can be a useful source of information about LULC at subpixel level provided the data-processing options are properly chosen.</P>