Topology-Based Flow-Oriented Adaptive Network Coding-Aware Routing Scheme for VANETs

( Muhammad Azhar Iqbal ),( Bin Dai ),( Muhammad Arshad Islam ),( Muhammad Aleem ),( Nguyen-son Vo ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2018 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.12 No.5

Information theory progression along with the advancements being made in the field of Vehicular Ad hoc NETworks (VANETs) supports the use of coding-aware opportunistic routing for efficient data forwarding. In this work, we propose and investigate an adaptive coding-aware routing scheme in a specific VANET scenario known as a vehicular platoon. Availability of coding opportunities may vary with time and therefore, the accurate identification of available coding opportunities at a specific time is a quite challenging task in the highly dynamic scenario of VANETs. In the proposed approach, while estimating the topology of the network at any time instance, a forwarding vehicle contemplates the composition of multiple unicast data flows to encode the correct data packets that can be decoded successfully at destinations. The results obtained by using OMNeT++ simulator reveal that higher throughput can be achieved with minimum possible packet transmissions through the proposed adaptive coding-aware routing approach. In addition, the proposed adaptive scheme outperforms static transmissions of the encoded packets in terms of coding gain, transmission percentage, and encoded packet transmission. To the best of our knowledge, the use of coding-aware opportunistic routing has not been exploited extensively in available literature with reference to its implications in VANETs.

Effects of Gold Nanoparticles Shapes on Magnetohydrodynamic Flow and Heat Transfer in the Presence of Thermal Radiation

Umair Rashid,Azhar Iqbal,Haiyi Liang,Jamshid ul Rahman 한국자기학회 2020 Journal of Magnetics Vol.25 No.3

The objective of present study is to examine the effects of nanoparticles shapes on magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) boundary layer flow and heat transfer of nanofluid over a flat plate in the presences of thermal radiation. Three categories of fluids such as pure water, ethylene glycol and engine oil with Prandtl number (Pr) = 7.8 containing three different shapes of Gold (Au) nanoparticles i.e. sphere, platelet and lamina have used in this study. By using unique similarity transformation, the governing partial differential equations (PDEs) are converted into a system of non-linear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) which have tackled numerically by bvp4c program. The behaviours of several pertinent parameters i.e. solid volume fraction (φ), magnetic field (M) and thermal radiation (Rd) for different shapes of nanoparticles also elucidated in detail. The results indicated that all selected parameters have a significant impact on the thermal boundary layer. The Nusselt number is presented in graphically form. The nanoparticles of sphere shape in Au-Ethylene glycol are more significant for temperature disturbance. The heat transfer rate has found greater for lamina shapes in Au- Engine oil.

Prognostically Significant Fusion Oncogenes in Pakistani Patients with Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and their Association with Disease Biology and Outcome

Sabir, Noreen,Iqbal, Zafar,Aleem, Aamer,Awan, Tashfeen,Naeem, Tahir,Asad, Sultan,Tahir, Ammara H,Absar, Muhammad,Hasanato, Rana MW,Basit, Sulman,Chishti, Muhammad Azhar,Ul-Haque, Muhammad Faiyaz,Khali Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.7

Background and objectives: Chromosomal abnormalities play an important role in genesis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and have prognostic implications. Five major risk stratifying fusion genes in ALL are BCR-ABL, MLL-AF4, ETV6-RUNX11, E2A-PBX1 and SIL-TAL1. This work aimed to detect common chromosomal translocations and associated fusion oncogenes in adult ALL patients and study their relationship with clinical features and treatment outcome. Methods: We studied fusion oncogenes in 104 adult ALL patients using RT-PCR and interphase-FISH at diagnosis and their association with clinical characteristics and treatment outcome. Results: Five most common fusion genes i.e. BCR-ABL (t 9; 22), TCF3-PBX1 (t 1; 19), ETV6-RUNX1 (t 12; 21), MLL-AF4 (t 4; 11) and SIL-TAL1 (Del 1p32) were found in 82/104 (79%) patients. TCF3-PBX1 fusion gene was associated with lymphadenopathy, SIL-TAL1 positive patients had frequent organomegaly and usually presented with a platelets count of less than $50{\times}10^9/l$. Survival of patients with fusion gene ETV6-RUNX1 was better when compared to patients harboring other genes. MLL-AF4 and BCR-ABL positivity characterized a subset of adult ALL patients with aggressive clinical behaviour and a poor outcome. Conclusions: This is the first study from Pakistan which investigated the frequency of5 fusion oncogenes in adult ALL patients, and their association with clinical features, treatment response and outcome. Frequencies of some of the oncogenes were different from those reported elsewhere and they appear to be associated with distinct clinical characteristics and treatment outcome. This information will help in the prognostic stratification and risk adapted management of adult ALL patients.

Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitory Guaianolides from Amberboa ramosa

Sher Bahadar Khan,Azhar-ul-Haq,Shagufta Perveen,Nighat Afza,Abdul Malik,Sarfraz Ahmad Nawaz,Muhammad Raza Shah,Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary 대한약학회 2005 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.28 No.2

Phytochemical investigation of the whole plant of Amberboa ramosa led to the isolation of six sesquiterpene lactones which could be identified as 8α-hydroxy-11β−methyl-1αH, 5αH, 6βH, 7αH, 11αH-guai-10(14), 4(15)-dien-6, 12-olide(1), 3β, 8α-dihydroxy-11α−methyl-1αH, 5αH, 6βH, 7αH, 11βH-guai-10(14), 4 (15)-dien-6, 12-olide (2), 3β, 4α, 8α-trihydroxy-4β-(hydroxymethyl)- 1αH, 5αH, 6βH, 7αH-guai-10(14), 11(13)-dien-6, 12-olide (3), 3β, 4α, 8α-trihydroxy-4β- (chloromethyl)-1αH, 5αH, 6βH, 7αH-guai-10(14),11(13)-dien-6, 12-olide(4), 3β, 4α, dihydroxy- 4β-(hydroxymethyl)-1αH, 5αH, 6βH, 7αH-guai-10(14),11(13)-dien-6, 12-olide(5), 3β, 4α-dihydroxy- 4β- (chloromethyl)-8α-(4-hydroxymethacrylate)-1αH, 5αH, 6βH, 7αH-guai-10(14),11 (13)-dien-6,12-olide (6) by spectroscopic methods. All of them showed inhibitory potential against butyrylcholinesterase.

Purunusides A-C, α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Homoisoflavone Glucosides from Prunus domestica

Shaheen Kosar,Itrat Fatima,Azhar Mahmood,Rehana Ahmed,Abdul Malik,Muhammad Iqbal Chouhdary,Sumaira Talib 대한약학회 2009 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.32 No.12

Purunusides A-C (1-3), new homoisoflavone glucosides together with the known compounds β-sitosterol (4) and 6,7-methylenedioxy-8-methoxycoumarin (5) have been isolated from nbutanol and ethyl acetate soluble fractions of Prunus domestica. Their structures were assigned on the basis of spectral studies. The compounds 1-3 showed potent inhibitory activity against the enzyme α-glucosidase.

Synchronous Reference Frame Theory Based Intelligent Controller for Current THD Reduction

Al-Ammar Essam A.,Ul Haq Azhar,Iqbal Ahsan,Ko Wonsuk,Jalal Marium,Anjum Muhammad Almas,Choi Hyeong-Jin,Kang Hyun-Koo 대한전기학회 2021 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.16 No.6

Concerns related to current harmonics have gained increased attention in recent years due to technological advancement in power electronics and the proliferation of non-linear loads in power distribution system. It has become challenging to limit current total harmonic distortion (THD) at consumer end mainly due to increased penetration of intermittent switching based non-linear loads. Shunt active power fi lter (SAPF) is considered a marvelous power electronics device to tackle consumer side current harmonics. This paper presents a synchronous reference frame (SRF) based improved control method for compliant working of SAPF to reduce current harmonics in the distribution network with same and diff erent THD levels in three phases. This research work investigates an eff ectual DC link voltage control technique linked with SRF based control of SAPF to eff ectively mitigate current harmonics. A fuzzy logic-based automatic switch (FLBAS) is designed according to the THD standards of IET and IEEE for real-time controlling of SRF based control of SAPF. In addition, S-plane stability analysis of the proposed control scheme is performed using the model of SAPF’s inverter. It is established that the closed-loop system is asymptotically stable with the proposed control scheme. The presented simulation results validate the eff ectiveness of the proposed control technique for SAPF robustly.

Whole exome sequencing revealed novel variants in consanguineous Pakistani families with intellectual disability

Iqra Ghulam Rasool,Muhammad Yasir Zahoor,Muhammad Iqbal,Aftab Ahmad Anjum,Fatima Ashraf,Hafiz Qamar Abbas,Hafiz Muhammad Azhar Baig,Tariq Mahmood,Wasim Shehzad 한국유전학회 2021 Genes & Genomics Vol.43 No.5

Background Intellectual disability (ID) is a heterogeneous disorder afecting 1–3% of the population. Elucidation of monogenic variants for ID is a current challenge. These variants can be better demonstrated in consanguineous afected families. Objective The study was designed to fnd the genetic variants of ID in consanguineous families. Methods We analyzed fve unrelated consanguineous Pakistani families afected with ID using whole exome sequencing (WES). Data was analyzed using diferent bioinformatics tools and software. Results We mapped four variants including three novels in four diferent ID known genes. Each variant is found in a different family, co-segregating with a recessive pattern of inheritance. The novel variants found are; c. 2_4del (p.?) mapped in ROS1 and c. 718G>A (p.Gly240Arg) in GRM1. Another novel causative variant, c.2673del (p.Gly892Aspfs*17) identifed in COL18A1 in a recessive form, a gene reported for Knobloch syndrome that manifests ID along with typical retinal abnormalities, and this phenotype was confrmed on reverse phenotyping. A mutation c.2134C>T (p.Arg712*) in TRAPPC9 has been found frst time in the homozygous recessive form in our enrolled three afected siblings while it was previously reported in compound heterozygous form in a Caucasian descent. While ffth family remained unsolved. Conclusion These mutations in four diferent genes with a recessive inheritance would be a contribution to the disease variant database of this devastating disorder.

Synthesis and mechanical characterization of alumina based composite material for armor application

Muhammad Shahid,Rizwan Ahmed Malik,Hussein Alrobei,Jaehwan Kim,Muhammad Latif,Azhar Hussaina,Muhammad Uzair Iqbal,Azeem Hafiz 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2021 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.22 No.2

This study focuses on development of advance ceramic with improved toughness which can be used as armor material forpersonnel protection. Toughness is the characteristics that defines material resistance to fracture. Ceramics are important classof materials with combination of good strength, toughness and with stand multiple-striking. In this study, three differentsamples i.e. alumina, Zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA), and alumina incorporated with SiC (SiCA); hexagonal shapesamples were made by dry pressing and sintered at 1600 oC in argon atmosphere. Microstructural characterization: SEM andOptical microscopy demonstrated fine grain size distribution in matrix phase. BSE images confirmed the presence of ZrO2particles. High porosity of about 6.35% was observed in SiCA samples. EDX analysis confirms the composition. Mechanicalcharacterization showed improved toughness at the expense of hardness. SiCA samples showed maximum value of hardnesswhile ZTA showed maximum toughness of 4.6 MPa·m1/2. The obtained properties are comparable to other ceramic materialsprepared by different methods.