Associations Between Parental Depression and Early Childhood Development in Indonesia: A Cross-sectional Study

Saptarini, Ika,Rizkianti, Anissa,Arfines, Prisca Petty,Suparmi, Suparmi,Maisya, Iram Barida The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine 2021 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.54 No.6

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the associations between parental depression and early childhood development among children aged 36 months to 59 months in Indonesia. Methods: From Indonesia's Basic Health Survey (RISKESDAS) 2018, this study included 6433 children aged 36 months to 59 months and their parents. Maternal and paternal depression was examined using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview survey instrument, which was previously translated into Indonesian. The study also used the Early Child Development Index to measure child development and its 4 domains (cognitive, physical, socio-emotional, and learning). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association between parental depression and early childhood development. Results: Overall, 10.3% of children aged 36 months to 59 months were off-track for development. After adjusting for biological, parental, and social characteristics, children born to parents with depression were found to be 4.72 times more likely to be off-track for development (95% confidence interval, 1.83 to 12.15). Conclusions: Children of depressed parents were more likely to be off-track for development. The findings highlight the need for early diagnosis and timely intervention for parental depression to promote early childhood development.

Factors Affecting Public Non-compliance With Large-scale Social Restrictions to Control COVID-19 Transmission in Greater Jakarta, Indonesia

Rosha, Bunga Christitha,Suryaputri, Indri Yunita,Irawan, Irlina Raswanti,Arfines, Prisca Petty,Triwinarto, Agus The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine 2021 예방의학회지 Vol.54 No.4

Objectives: The Indonesian government issued large-scale social restrictions (called Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar, or PSBB) at the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic to control the spread of COVID-19 in Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi (Greater Jakarta). Public compliance poses a challenge when implementing large-scale social restrictions, and various factors have contributed to public non-compliance with the regulation. This study aimed to determine the degree of non-compliance and identify the factors that contributed to public non-compliance with the PSBB in Greater Jakarta, Indonesia. Methods: This was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. A total of 839 residents of Greater Jakarta participated in this study. Data were collected online using a Google Form, and convenience sampling was undertaken. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to explore the relationships between public non-compliance with the PSBB regulation and socio-demographic variables, respondents' opinion of the PSBB, and social capital. Results: A total of 22.6% of subjects reported participating in activities that did not comply with the PSBB. The variables that most affected non-compliance with the PSBB were age, gender, income, opinion of the PSBB, and social capital. Conclusions: Strengthening social capital and providing information about COVID-19 prevention measures, such as washing one's hands with soap, wearing masks properly, and maintaining social distancing, is essential. Robust public understanding will foster trust and cooperation with regard to COVID-19 prevention efforts and provide a basis for mutual agreement regarding rules/penalties.

DC electrical conductivity of nano-composite polystyrene–titanium–arsenate membrane

Tanvir Arfin,Faruq Mohammad 한국공업화학회 2013 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.19 No.6

In continuation to our previous work with nano-composite polystyrene–titanium–arsenate (PS–Ti–As),we further extended the characterization by means of DSC, TEM and mercury porosimetry measurements. In addition to the extended characterization, we also investigated the DC electrical conductivity behaviour of the PS–Ti–As composite membrane under different time, temperature and electrolyte conditions. The conductivity of the membrane investigated in the temperature region of 30–200 8C using a four-in-line probe DC measurement and in the semi-conductor region of 10-5–10-3 S cm-1, found to obey the Arrhenius equation. From the time and temperature dependent conductivity studies on the HCl doped composite, it was observed that the conductivity increases with increase of temperature until 100 8C and further decreased with time during 120–160 8C, which can be attributed to the loss of HCl dopant molecules and blocking of the chemical reactions associated with the dopant. Further, we studied the stability of DC electrical conductivity retention in an oxidative environment by two slightly different techniques viz. isothermal and cyclic.

Microplastic pollution in two industrial locations of the Karnaphuli River, Bangladesh: insights on abundance, types, and characteristics

Shahida Arfine Shimul,Zannatul Bakeya,Jannatun Naeem Ananna,Antar Sarker,Saifuddin Rana,Sk. Ahmad Al Nahid The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Scienc 2023 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.26 No.12

Microplastic (MP) pollution in aquatic environments is a growing concern worldwide. This study investigated the abundance, types, and attributes of MPs in the surface water at two industrial sites (Avoimitro Ghat and Kalurghat) along the Karnaphuli River in Chattogram, Bangladesh. Sampling was conducted over eight months across three transects encompassing a total area of 500 m at each site. A manta net of 200 ㎛ mesh size was used to sample MPs. The obtained samples were subsequently filtered, enumerated, and characterized using a stereo microscope and imaging software. The mean abundance of MP particles (per km² ) was found higher in Avoimitro Ghat (94,861 ± 57,126) than in Kalurghat (31,343 ± 23,183). A significant statistical difference (p < 0.05) was observed in the mean abundance of MP particles between the wet and dry seasons. The fragment group of MP exhibited the most abundant category, whereas the pellet category displayed the lowest. MPs with an elongated shape prevailed at both locations throughout all seasons. At Avoimitro Ghat, blue-colored MPs demonstrated the highest mean count, while in Kalurghat, the highest mean count belonged to brown-colored MPs. The size distribution of MPs differed between the two sites, with 1-2 mm MPs being plentiful in both seasons and Avoimitro Ghat, whereas MPs ranging from 500 ㎛ to less than 1 mm were abundant in Kalurghat. Ten (10) polymer types were found from Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis with high levels of polypropylene atactic in both Avoimitro Ghat (32%) and Kalurghat (17%). The findings provide important insights into MP pollution in the Karnaphuli River, which may aid in developing effective strategies to mitigate the impacts of MP pollution on the aquatic ecosystem and human health.

Impedance characteristics and electrical double-layer capacitance of composite polystyrene–cobalt–arsenate membrane

Tanvir Arfin,Neetu Yadav 한국공업화학회 2013 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.19 No.1

In continuation of our previous work with composite polystyrene–cobalt–arsenate (PS–Co–As), we further extended impedance measurements. All calculations reported were extracted from experiments carried out in the frequency range of 1–5 kHz and different concentrations (0.0001 c(M) 1) of KCl and NaCl at isothermal temperature (25 0.1 8C). The membrane capacitance and resistance measurements were observed to depend on the concentration and the applied frequency of the electrolyte. The observed capacitances and resistances were used to calculate the membrane resistances (RM), capacitance (CM),reactance (XX), and also derive the impedance (Z). At higher frequencies, the capacitances became low and the impedance decreased with increasing frequency with a corresponding increase in the measured phase angle. On the other hand at the highest frequencies attainable, the phase angle became low. At low frequencies, the phase angle was become independent of the cation, while the impedance showed a clear dependence. The diffused double-layer polarization charge on the geometric capacitor played important role by affecting the overall membrane capacitance. The applied frequencies affected the double-layer capacitance due to the movement of ions across the membrane. At the membrane–electrolyte interface, the electrical double-layer was influenced in addition to being controlled by the transport of ions.

Enhanced biological activity and biosorption performance of trimethyl chitosan-loaded cerium oxide particles

Faruq Mohammad,Tanvir Arfin,Hamad A. Al-Lohedan 한국공업화학회 2017 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.45 No.-

Nano ceria is considered to be an antioxidative agent due to its fast oxido-reductive capability and therehas been a number of studies that deal with the non-toxic nature of cerium oxide; however, theantioxidative capacity is mostly influenced by the presence of Ce3+/Ce4+ in the sample. We studied for thefirst time the oxidative nature of CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs) on in vitro systems and we hypothesized that ifthe oxido-reductive behavior of Ce is not well utilized which may lead to adverse toxic effects. Since, wehave been interested to combine the oxido-reductive potential of nano ceria with that of theantimicrobial, antioxidative, and biosorption properties of trimethyl chitosan (TMC). We hypothesizethat such a design will not only modulate the oxidant activity of CeO2 NPs, but also will help to provideenhanced antimicrobial, antioxidative, and adsorption properties. We present here the synthesis,characterization, biological activity and biosorption performance of the TMC-CeO2 composite and itsefficiency was tested by comparing the results with that of other materials (pure CeO2, pure chitosan, andpure TMC). The polymer composite formation was thoroughly analyzed by means of UV–vis, FTIR, zetapotential, powdered XRD, and XPS studies. Further, the in vitro antibacterial and antioxidative assaysproved that the coating of CeO2 with TMC biopolymer significantly enhances its biological efficiency byincreasing the interaction of the CeO2 composite with that of bacterial cell wall, and also serving as thefree radical scavenger. In addition to bioactivity, we also observed some enhanced biosorptionperformance towards the removal of phenolic compounds (phenol, 2-chlorophenol, and 4-chlorophenol)by the TMC-CeO2 composite, thereby supporting its role during the waste water treatment.

Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in Bangladeshi Children: Experiences and Challenges in a Developing Country

Rafia Rashid,Md. Samsul Arfin,A.S.M. Bazlul Karim,Muhammad Baharul Alam,Salahuddin Mahmud 대한소아소화기영양학회 2022 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.25 No.4

Purpose: Although endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has been used for more than five decades, its applicability in Bangladeshi children has recently become more common. Therefore, this manuscript aims to describe our experience in performing ERCPs in Bangladeshi children with hepatopancreaticobiliary diseases, focusing on presenting diseases, as well as the diagnostic and therapeutic efficacy. Methods: Between 2018 and 2021, 20 children underwent 30 ERCP procedures at the Bangladesh Specialized Hospital, Dhaka. A single trained adult gastroenterologist performed all procedures using a therapeutic video duodenoscope. The indications for ERCP, diagnostic findings, therapeutic procedures, and complications were documented. Results: The median age of the study patients was 10 years (range, 1.7–15 years). Successful cannulation of the papilla was achieved in 28 procedures and failed in 2 cases. Repeated ERCP was required in seven patients. Nine patients had biliary indications and 11 had pancreatic indications. Choledocholithiasis was the most common indication for ERCP in patients with biliary disease, while chronic pancreatitis was common among patients with pancreatic indications. Pancreatic divisum was observed in only one patient. Pancreatic and biliary sphincterotomy was performed in 14 and 9 cases, respectively. A single pigtail or straight therapeutic stent was inserted in seven cases and removed in five cases. Stone extraction was performed in six procedures, and balloon dilatation was performed in five procedures. The post-procedural period for these patients was uneventful. Conclusion: We found that ERCP is a practical and successful therapeutic intervention for treating hepatopancreaticobiliary disorders in children when performed by experienced endoscopists.

Status, Distribution and Diversity of Invasive Forest Undergrowth Species in the Tropics: a Study from Northeastern Bangladesh

Rahman, Md. Habibur,Khan, Mohammed Abu Sayed Arfin,Fardusi, Most. Jannatu,Roy, Bishwajit Institute of Forest Science 2010 Journal of Forest Science Vol.26 No.3

This paper analyzes data on the composition, status, diversity, and distribution pattern of invasive forest undergrowth in a protected area (Khadimnagar National Park) of Northeastern Bangladesh. Assessment was done by means of stratified random sampling to diversify the invasive forest undergrowth species. For vegetation survey, 45 plots were taken randomly in ($2m{\times}2m$) circular plot from three topographical regions namely top of the hill, middle slope and plain land (15 plots from each region) and a total of 715 individuals, 22 invasive species belonging to 17 families were recorded from the study site. Among invasive species, shrubs constitute 10 species, herbs 9 species, and vines 3 species respectively. Mass number of invasive undergrowth species was grows in plain land (45.45%) followed by middle slope (31.82%). Based on the survey, invasive undergrowth plants of study areas were also categorized into three degrees of invasiveness e.g., highly invasive, moderately invasive and potentially invasive. Herbs, shrubs, and vines constitute the highest density at Chromolaema odorata (Linn.) King. (1.09), relative density at Chromolaema odorata (Linn.) King. 6.85%; highest and lowest frequency was calculated at Cassia alata L. (64.44%) and Diplazium esculentum (24.44%); for relative frequency the highest was Cassia alata L., which occupies 6.64%. Determination of the abundance of the different species revealed that Cassia alata L., constitutes (3.36) followed by Pteris cretica Wilsonii (3.14) of the area. The presence of invasive undergrowth species always reduced the number of associated species. Therefore, an extensive in-depth long-term investigation, proper policy formulation and management interventions and further study and continuous monitoring on their impacts need to be triggered targeting the control of the invasive undergrowth species of this protected area. In this aspect, national and international organization could help to conserve its biodiversity.

Status, Distribution and Diversity of Invasive Forest Undergrowth Species in the Tropics: a Study from Northeastern Bangladesh

Md. Habibur Rahman,Mohammed Abu Sayed Arfin Khan,Most. Jannatul Fardusi,Bishwajit Roy 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2010 Journal of Forest Science Vol.26 No.3

This paper analyzes data on the composition, status, diversity, and distribution pattern of invasive forest undergrowth species in a protected area (Khadimnagar National Park) of Northeastern Bangladesh. Assessment was done by means of stratified random sampling to diversify the invasive forest undergrowth species. For vegetation survey, 45 plots were taken randomly in (2 m × 2 m) circular plot from three topographical regions namely top of the hill, middle slope and plain land (15 plots from each region) and a total of 715 individuals, 22 invasive species belonging to 17 families were recorded from the study site. Among invasive species, shrubs constitute 10 species, herbs 9 species, and vines 3 species respectively. Mass number of invasive undergrowth species was grows in plain land (45.45%) followed by middle slope (31.82%). Based on the survey, invasive undergrowth plants of study areas were also categorized into three degrees of invasiveness e.g., highly invasive, moderately invasive and potentially invasive. Herbs, shrubs, and vines constitute the highest density at Chromolaema odorata (Linn.) King. (1.09), relative density at Chromolaema odorata (Linn.) King. 6.85%; highest and lowest frequency was calculated at Cassia alata L. (64.44%) and Diplazium esculentum (24.44%); for relative frequency the highest was Cassia alata L., which occupies 6.64%. Determination of the abundance of the different species revealed that Cassia alata L., constitutes (3.36) followed by Pteris cretica Wilsonii (3.14) of the area. The presence of invasive undergrowth species always reduced the number of associated species. Therefore, an extensive in-depth long-term investigation, proper policy formulation and management interventions and further study and continuous monitoring on their impacts need to be triggered targeting the control of the invasive undergrowth species of this protected area. In this aspect, national and international organization could help to conserve its biodiversity.