http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
SEARCHES FOR TIME-DEPENDENT NEUTRINO SOURCES WITH ICECUBE DATA FROM 2008 TO 2012
Aartsen, M. G.,Ackermann, M.,Adams, J.,Aguilar, J. A.,Ahlers, M.,Ahrens, M.,Altmann, D.,Anderson, T.,Archinger, M.,Arguelles, C.,Arlen, T. C.,Auffenberg, J.,Bai, X.,Barwick, S. W.,Baum, V.,Bay, R.,Bak IOP Publishing 2015 The Astrophysical journal Vol.807 No.1
<P>In this paper searches for flaring astrophysical neutrino sources and sources with periodic emission with the IceCube neutrino telescope are presented. In contrast to time-integrated searches, where steady emission is assumed, the analyses presented here look for a time-dependent signal of neutrinos using the information from the neutrino arrival times to enhance the discovery potential. A search was performed for correlations between neutrino arrival times and directions, as well as neutrino emission following time-dependent light curves, sporadic emission, or periodicities of candidate sources. These include active galactic nuclei, soft gamma-ray repeaters, supernova remnants hosting pulsars, microquasars, and X-ray binaries. The work presented here updates and extends previously published results to a longer period that covers 4 years. of data from 2008 April 5 to 2012 May 16, including the first year of operation of the completed 86 string detector. The analyses did not find any significant time-dependent point sources of neutrinos, and the results were used to set upper limits on the neutrino flux from source candidates.</P>
Measurement of the AtmosphericνeSpectrum with IceCube
Aartsen, M. G.,Ackermann, M.,Adams, J.,Aguilar, J. A.,Ahlers, M.,Ahrens, M.,Altmann, D.,Anderson, T.,Archinger, M.,Arguelles, C.,Arlen, T. C.,Auffenberg, J.,Bai, X.,Barwick, S. W.,Baum, V.,Bay, R.,Bea American Physical Society 2015 PHYSICAL REVIEW D - Vol.91 No.12
THE DETECTION OF A SN IIn IN OPTICAL FOLLOW-UP OBSERVATIONS OF ICECUBE NEUTRINO EVENTS
Aartsen, M. G.,Abraham, K.,Ackermann, M.,Adams, J.,Aguilar, J. A.,Ahlers, M.,Ahrens, M.,Altmann, D.,Anderson, T.,Archinger, M.,Arguelles, C.,Arlen, T. C.,Auffenberg, J.,Bai, X.,Barwick, S. W.,Baum, V. IOP Publishing 2015 The Astrophysical journal Vol.811 No.1
<P>The IceCube neutrino observatory pursues a follow-up program selecting interesting neutrino events in real-time and issuing alerts for electromagnetic follow-up observations. In 2012 March, the most significant neutrino alert during the first three years of operation was issued by IceCube. In the follow-up observations performed by the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF), a Type IIn supernova (SN IIn) PTF12csy was found 0.degrees 2 away from the neutrino alert direction, with an error radius of 0.degrees 54. It has a redshift of z = 0.0684, corresponding to a luminosity distance of about 300 Mpc and the Pan-STARRS1 survey shows that its explosion time was at least 158 days (in host galaxy rest frame) before the neutrino alert, so that a causal connection is unlikely. The a posteriori significance of the chance detection of both the neutrinos and the SN at any epoch is 2.2 sigma within IceCube's 2011/12 data acquisition season. Also, a complementary neutrino analysis reveals no long-term signal over the course of one year. Therefore, we consider the SN detection coincidental and the neutrinos uncorrelated to the SN. However, the SN is unusual and interesting by itself: it is luminous and energetic, bearing strong resemblance to the SN IIn 2010jl, and shows signs of interaction of the SN ejecta with a dense circumstellar medium. High-energy neutrino emission is expected in models of diffusive shock acceleration, but at a low, non-detectable level for this specific SN. In this paper, we describe the SN PTF12csy and present both the neutrino and electromagnetic data, as well as their analysis.</P>
Searches for Sterile Neutrinos with the IceCube Detector
Aartsen, M. G.,Abraham, K.,Ackermann, M.,Adams, J.,Aguilar, J. A.,Ahlers, M.,Ahrens, M.,Altmann, D.,Andeen, K.,Anderson, T.,Ansseau, I.,Anton, G.,Archinger, M.,Argü,elles, C.,Arlen, T. C.,Auffenbe American Physical Society 2016 Physical Review Letters Vol.117 No.7
<P>The IceCube neutrino telescope at the South Pole has measured the atmospheric muon neutrino spectrum as a function of zenith angle and energy in the approximate 320 GeV to 20 TeV range, to search for the oscillation signatures of light sterile neutrinos. No evidence for anomalous nu(mu) or (nu) over bar (mu) disappearance is observed in either of two independently developed analyses, each using one year of atmospheric neutrino data. New exclusion limits are placed on the parameter space of the 3 + 1 model, in which muon antineutrinos experience a strong Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein-resonant oscillation. The exclusion limits extend to sin(2)2 theta(24) <= 0.02 at Delta m(2) similar to 0.3 eV(2) at the 90% confidence level. The allowed region from global analysis of appearance experiments, including LSND and MiniBooNE, is excluded at approximately the 99% confidence level for the global best-fit value of vertical bar U-e4 vertical bar(2).</P>
Astrophysical neutrinos and cosmic rays observed by IceCube
Aartsen, M.G.,Ackermann, M.,Adams, J.,Aguilar, J.A.,Ahlers, M.,Ahrens, M.,Altmann, D.,Andeen, K.,Anderson, T.,Ansseau, I.,Anton, G.,Archinger, M.,Argü,elles, C.,Auffenberg, J.,Axani, S.,Bai, X.,Ba Elsevier 2018 ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH Vol.62 No.10
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The core mission of the IceCube neutrino observatory is to study the origin and propagation of cosmic rays. IceCube, with its surface component IceTop, observes multiple signatures to accomplish this mission. Most important are the astrophysical neutrinos that are produced in interactions of cosmic rays, close to their sources and in interstellar space. IceCube is the first instrument that measures the properties of this astrophysical neutrino flux and constrains its origin. In addition, the spectrum, composition, and anisotropy of the local cosmic-ray flux are obtained from measurements of atmospheric muons and showers. Here we provide an overview of recent findings from the analysis of IceCube data, and their implications to our understanding of cosmic rays.</P>
Evidence for Astrophysical Muon Neutrinos from the Northern Sky with IceCube
Aartsen, M. G.,Abraham, K.,Ackermann, M.,Adams, J.,Aguilar, J. A.,Ahlers, M.,Ahrens, M.,Altmann, D.,Anderson, T.,Archinger, M.,Arguelles, C.,Arlen, T. C.,Auffenberg, J.,Bai, X.,Barwick, S. W.,Baum, V. American Physical Society 2015 Physical Review Letters Vol.115 No.8
Search for dark matter annihilation in the Galactic Center with IceCube-79 : IceCube Collaboration
Aartsen, M. G.,Abraham, K.,Ackermann, M.,Adams, J.,Aguilar, J. A.,Ahlers, M.,Ahrens, M.,Altmann, D.,Anderson, T.,Archinger, M.,Arguelles, C.,Arlen, T. C.,Auffenberg, J.,Bai, X.,Barwick, S. W.,Baum, V. Springer-Verlag 2015 European Physical Journal C Vol.75 No.10
THE CONTRIBUTION OF<i>FERMI</i>-2LAC BLAZARS TO DIFFUSE TEV-PEV NEUTRINO FLUX
Aartsen, M. G.,Abraham, K.,Ackermann, M.,Adams, J.,Aguilar, J. A.,Ahlers, M.,Ahrens, M.,Altmann, D.,Andeen, K.,Anderson, T.,Ansseau, I.,Anton, G.,Archinger, M.,Arguelles, C.,Arlen, T. C.,Auffenberg, J American Astronomical Society 2017 The Astrophysical journal Vol.835 No.1
<P>The recent discovery of a diffuse cosmic neutrino flux extending up to PeV energies raises the question of which astrophysical sources generate this signal. Blazars are one class of extragalactic sources which may produce such high-energy neutrinos. We present a likelihood analysis searching for cumulative neutrino emission from blazars in the 2nd Fermi-LAT AGN catalog (2LAC) using IceCube neutrino data set 2009-12, which was optimized for the detection of individual sources. In contrast to those in previous searches with IceCube, the populations investigated contain up to hundreds of sources, the largest one being the entire blazar sample in the 2LAC catalog. No significant excess is observed, and upper limits for the cumulative flux from these populations are obtained. These constrain the maximum contribution of 2LAC blazars to the observed astrophysical neutrino flux to 27% or less between around 10 TeV and 2 PeV, assuming the equipartition of flavors on Earth and a single power-law spectrum with a spectral index of -2.5. We can still exclude the fact that 2LAC blazars (and their subpopulations) emit more than 50% of the observed neutrinos up to a spectral index as hard as -2.2 in the same energy range. Our result takes into account the fact that the neutrino source count distribution is unknown, and it does not assume strict proportionality of the neutrino flux to the measured 2LAC gamma-ray signal for each source. Additionally, we constrain recent models for neutrino emission by blazars.</P>
PINGU: a vision for neutrino and particle physics at the South Pole
Aartsen, M G,Abraham, K,Ackermann, M,Adams, J,Aguilar, J A,Ahlers, M,Ahrens, M,Altmann, D,Andeen, K,Anderson, T,Ansseau, I,Anton, G,Archinger, M,Arguelles, C,Arlen, T C,Auffenberg, J,Axani, S,Bai, X,B Institute of Physics Publishing 2017 Journal of Physics. G, Nuclear and Particle Physic Vol.44 No.5
<P>The Precision IceCube Next Generation Upgrade (PINGU) is a proposed low-energy in-fill extension to the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. With detection technology modeled closely on the successful IceCube example, PINGU will provide a 6?Mton effective mass for neutrino detection with an energy threshold of a few GeV. With an unprecedented sample of over 60 000 atmospheric neutrinos per year in this energy range, PINGU will make highly competitive measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters in an energy range over an order of magnitude higher than long-baseline neutrino beam experiments. PINGU will measure the mixing parameters <img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='${\theta }_{23}$' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0954-3899/44/5/054006/jpgaa4973ieqn1.gif'/> and <img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='${\rm{\Delta }}{m}_{32}^{2}$' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0954-3899/44/5/054006/jpgaa4973ieqn2.gif'/>, including the octant of <img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='${\theta }_{23}$' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0954-3899/44/5/054006/jpgaa4973ieqn3.gif'/> for a wide range of values, and determine the neutrino mass ordering at <img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='$3\sigma $' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0954-3899/44/5/054006/jpgaa4973ieqn4.gif'/> median significance within five years of operation. PINGU’s high precision measurement of the rate of <img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='${\nu }_{\tau }$' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0954-3899/44/5/054006/jpgaa4973ieqn5.gif'/> appearance will provide essential tests of the unitarity of the 3?×?3 PMNS neutrino mixing matrix. PINGU will also improve the sensitivity of searches for low mass dark matter in the Sun, use neutrino tomography to directly probe the composition of the Earth’s core, and improve IceCube’s sensitivity to neutrinos from Galactic supernovae. Reoptimization of the PINGU design has permitted substantial reduction in both cost and logistical requirements while delivering performance nearly identical to configurations previously studied.</P>
Aartsen, M. G.,Abraham, K.,Ackermann, M.,Adams, J.,Aguilar, J. A.,Ahlers, M.,Ahrens, M.,Altmann, D.,Andeen, K.,Anderson, T.,Ansseau, I.,Anton, G.,Archinger, M.,Argü,elles, C.,Auffenberg, J.,Axani, Springer-Verlag 2017 European Physical Journal C Vol.77 No.2
<P>We present the results of the first IceCube search for dark matter annihilation in the center of the Earth. Weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs), candidates for dark matter, can scatter off nuclei inside the Earth and fall below its escape velocity. Over time the captured WIMPs will be accumulated and may eventually self-annihilate. Among the annihilation products only neutrinos can escape from the center of the Earth. Large-scale neutrino telescopes, such as the cubic kilometer IceCube Neutrino Observatory located at the South Pole, can be used to search for such neutrino fluxes. Data from 327 days of detector livetime during 2011/2012 were analyzed. No excess beyond the expected background from atmospheric neutrinos was detected. The derived upper limits on the annihilation rate of WIMPs in the Earth (Gamma(A) = 1.12 x 10(14) s(-1) for WIMP masses of 50 GeV annihilating into tau leptons) and the resulting muon flux are an order of magnitude stronger than the limits of the last analysis performed with data from IceCube's predecessor AMANDA. The limits can be translated in terms of a spin-independent WIMP-nucleon cross section. For a WIMP mass of 50GeV this analysis results in the most restrictive limits achieved with IceCube data.</P>