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모발미용이 모발의 표면구조와 미생물의 오염에 미치는 영향
윤아람(Aram Yun),서하나(Ha Na Seo),박두현(Doo Hyun Park) 한국인체예술학회 2010 한국인체미용예술학회지 Vol.11 No.4
Virgin hairs or beauty-treated hairs that are permanent wave, coloring, bleaching and coating were left inside and outside of laboratory for 7 days. Ten-times diluted chemicals for bleaching and coloring inhibited bacterial growth but did not yeast growth. Viable cell number of bacterial cells contaminated the virgin or the various beauty-treated hairs were maximal 106/g hair and minimal 104/g hair, which was determined by most probable number (MPN) method. The bacterial cells contaminated human hairs were observe with fluorescence light microscope after DAPI (4’, 6-diamindino-2-phenylindole) staining. Hair surface structure was not significantly changed by the permanent wave, coloring, bleaching and coating, which was definitely discriminated by DAPI staining and microscopic observation. Microorganism contamination level was not influenced by the beauty treatments and related to the chemical agents used for beauty treatments.
Aram Lee,Eunsik Yun,Woochul Chang,Jongmin Kim 고려인삼학회 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.2
Background: Emerging evidence suggests that endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) in endothelial dysfunction due to persistent inflammation is a key component and emerging concept in the pathogenesis of vascular diseases. Ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3), an active compound from red ginseng, has been known to be important for vascular homeostasis. However, the effect of Rg3 on inflammation-induced EndMT has never been reported. Here, we hypothesize that Rg3 might reverse the inflammation-induced EndMT and serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for vascular diseases. Methods: EndMT was examined under an inflammatory condition mediated by the NOD1 agonist, γ-dglutamyl-meso-diaminopimelic acid (iE-DAP), treatment in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. The expression of EndMT markers was determined by Western blot analysis, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and immunocytochemistry. The underlying mechanisms of Rg3-mediated EndMT regulation were investigated by modulating the microRNA expression. Results: The NOD1 agonist, iE-DAP, led to a fibroblast-like morphology change with a decrease in the expression of endothelial markers and an increase in the expression of the mesenchymal marker, namely EndMT. On the other hand, Rg3 markedly attenuated the iE-DAP-induced EndMT and preserved the endothelial phenotype. Mechanically, miR-139 was downregulated in cells with iE-DAP-induced EndMT and partly reversed in response to Rg3 via the regulation of NF-kB signaling, suggesting that the Rg3 -miR-139-5p-NF-kB axis is a key mediator in iE-DAP-induced EndMT. Conclusion: These results suggest, for the first time, that Rg3 can be used to inhibit inflammation-induced EndMT and may be a novel therapeutic option against EndMT-associated vascular diseases.
Large area flexible SERS active substrates using engineered nanostructures
Chung, Aram J.,Huh, Yun Suk,Erickson, David Royal Society of Chemistry 2011 Nanoscale Vol.3 No.7
<P>Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is an analytical sensing method that provides label-free detection, molecularly specific information, and extremely high sensitivity. The Raman enhancement that makes this method attractive is mainly attributed to the local amplification of the incident electromagnetic field that occurs when a surface plasmon mode is excited at a metallic nanostructure. Here, we present a simple, cost effective method for creating flexible, large area SERS-active substrates using a new technique we call shadow mask assisted evaporation (SMAE). The advantage of large, flexible SERS substrates such as these is they have more area for multiplexing and can be incorporated into irregular surfaces such as clothing. We demonstrate the formation of four different types of nanostructure arrays (pillar, nib, ellipsoidal cylinder, and triangular tip) by controlling the evaporation angle, substrate rotation, and deposition rate of metals onto anodized alumina nanoporous membranes as large as 27 mm. In addition, we present experimental results showing how a hybrid structure comprising of gold nanospheres embedded in a silver nano-pillar structure can be used to obtain a 50× SERS enhancement over the raw nanoparticles themselves.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>A simple, cost effective method for creating flexible, large area SERS-active substrates using a new technique is presented, which we refer to as shadow mask assisted evaporation (SMAE). <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c1nr10265f'> </P>
4,4′-Biphenyldicarboxylate sodium coordination compounds as anodes for Na-ion batteries
Choi, Aram,Kim, Yun Kyeong,Kim, Tae Kyung,Kwon, Mi-Sook,Lee, Kyu Tae,Moon, Hoi Ri The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.2 No.36
<P>Novel 4,4′-biphenyldicarboxylate (bpdc) sodium salts with different compositions were evaluated for the first time as anodes for Na-ion batteries, and their crystal structures and corresponding electrochemical performances were analyzed. The structure of the bpdc-sodium salts was modified using precipitation and solvothermal methods to afford three different crystal structures with different degrees of deprotonation of the carboxylic acid (COOH) groups and different coordination of the water molecule, as determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The extent of deprotonation in bpdc-sodium salts not only affects their electrochemical performance, but also affects the corresponding reaction mechanisms. The fully deprotonated bpdc-disodium salt exhibits a promising electrochemical performance with a reversible capacity of about 200 mA h g<SUP>−1</SUP>at<I>ca.</I>0.5 V<I>vs.</I>Na/Na<SUP>+</SUP>, stable cycle performance over 150 cycles, and an excellent rate performance of 100 mA h g<SUP>−1</SUP>even at a 20 C rate, which are better than those of the partially deprotonated bpdc-sodium salt. The sodiation-desodiation of bpdc-sodium salts proceeds in a two-phase reaction, regardless of the degree of deprotonation. However, unlike the fully deprotonated bpdc-disodium salt, which shows a reversible phase transition during sodiation and desodiation, the partially deprotonated bpdc-sodium salt exhibits an irreversible phase transition during cycling.</P>
남아름(Aram Nam),박정안(Jeong-Ann Park),도태구(Taegu Do),최재우(Jae-Woo Choi),최웅수(Ungsu Choi),김경남(Kyung Nam Kim),윤성택(Seong-Taek Yun),이상협(Sanghyup Lee) 大韓環境工學會 2017 대한환경공학회지 Vol.39 No.3
PAN 기반 아크릴계 섬유와 DETA 및 AlCl3・6H2O를 반응시켜 아민기(-NH2)를 가진 이온교환섬유 PADD를 합성하였다. 개발된 섬유상 소재는 FT-IR과 SEM을 이용하여 그 특성을 확인해 보았다. 회분식 실험으로 수행된 PADD를 이용한 크롬제거 실험 결과는 Langmuir 등온흡착모델에 잘 적용되었으며, 이때 계산된 이론적 최대흡착능 (Qmax)은 6.93 mmol/g으로 나타났다. 한편 동적흡착실험은 Lagergren 유사이차속도모델에 잘 부합되었다. PADD의 크롬 흡착능은 pH 2에서 가장 높은 값인 4.11 mmol/g을 나타내었고 pH 변화에 많은 영향을 받는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한, 인산과 비소(V)에 대한 공존이온 실험을 통해 PADD가 크롬에 대한 높은 선택성을 갖고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 산-염기 역적정으로 구한 PADD의 총이온교환능 (4.70 mmol/g)을 통해 소재의 선택적 제거 가능성을 검증하였다. Ion exchange fiber, PADD was synthesized by the reaction between PAN based acrylic fiber and DETA with AlCl3・6H2O, and was analyzed by FT-IR and SEM to investigate its characteristics. The experimental results of Cr(VI) removal by PADD were better fitted with Langmuir adsorption isotherm, and the maximum uptake value (Qmax) was calculated to be 6.93 mmol/g. The kinetic data can be well described by Lagergen pseudo-second order rate model. The Cr(VI) adsorption capacity of PADD was 4.11 mmol/g at pH 2, which shows the effect of pH changes on the removal of Cr(VI). The adsorption selectivity of Cr(VI) was higher than phosphate and As(V). Total ion exchange capacity of PADD was 4.70 mmol/g, which was measured by acid-base back titration.
Lee, Aram,Yun, Eunsik,Chang, Woochul,Kim, Jongmin The Korean Society of Ginseng 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.2
Background: Emerging evidence suggests that endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) in endothelial dysfunction due to persistent inflammation is a key component and emerging concept in the pathogenesis of vascular diseases. Ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3), an active compound from red ginseng, has been known to be important for vascular homeostasis. However, the effect of Rg3 on inflammation-induced EndMT has never been reported. Here, we hypothesize that Rg3 might reverse the inflammation-induced EndMT and serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for vascular diseases. Methods: EndMT was examined under an inflammatory condition mediated by the NOD1 agonist, γ-d-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelic acid (iE-DAP), treatment in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. The expression of EndMT markers was determined by Western blot analysis, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and immunocytochemistry. The underlying mechanisms of Rg3-mediated EndMT regulation were investigated by modulating the microRNA expression. Results: The NOD1 agonist, iE-DAP, led to a fibroblast-like morphology change with a decrease in the expression of endothelial markers and an increase in the expression of the mesenchymal marker, namely EndMT. On the other hand, Rg3 markedly attenuated the iE-DAP-induced EndMT and preserved the endothelial phenotype. Mechanically, miR-139 was downregulated in cells with iE-DAP-induced EndMT and partly reversed in response to Rg3 via the regulation of NF-κB signaling, suggesting that the Rg3-miR-139-5p-NF-κB axis is a key mediator in iE-DAP-induced EndMT. Conclusion: These results suggest, for the first time, that Rg3 can be used to inhibit inflammation-induced EndMT and may be a novel therapeutic option against EndMT-associated vascular diseases.
3D 배양잇몸모델을 이용한 알파-초산 토코페롤과 18베타-글리시레틴산의 잇몸 흡수 평가
김윤선 ( Yun Sun Kim ),김주애 ( Ju Ae Kim ),유아람 ( Aram You ),조호성 ( Hosong Cho ),신재영 ( Jae Young Shin ),이상화 ( Sanghwa Lee ) 대한구강보건학회 2016 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.40 No.2
Objectives: To assess the absorption of α-tocopherol acetate and 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid, which are used as active ingredients in toothpaste, into a reconstructed gingival tissue. Methods: EpiGingival™ tissues were treated with a 25% slurry of toothpaste containing 2% α-tocopherol acetate and 0.3% 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid, for 2 minutes. The treatment was repeated up to 6 times, with 1 hour intervals. After completion of all treatments, the active ingredients in the tissue extracts and receiver solutions were measured by high performance liquid chromatography. Results: Although α-tocopherol acetate was not detected, α-tocopherol was detected in the tissue extracts, indicating that α-tocopherol acetate was bioconverted to α-tocopherol after absorption. We could detect 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid both in the tissue extracts and in the receiver solutions, with a positive correlation to the number of treatments. Conclusions: We found that our toothpaste effectively delivered α-tocopherol acetate and 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid to a reconstructed gingival tissue in vitro.